SK50722005A3 - Method for seeds coating - Google Patents

Description

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WORKING METHOD OF SEEDS

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Field of the Invention The present invention relates to methods for pre-processing vegetable seeds, particularly small-grained, predominantly sugar beet, carrots, tomatoes, cucumbers, beet and some other, and more specifically, methods of coating these seeds, allowing them to improve field germination and further growth. ) Ofen / 'r! i huť 10 Previous level of technology

Known methods of seed coating, comprising preparing a coating system by mixing powdered peat with humus, supplying the finished mixture with the adhesive quality of animal humus, immersing in a finished mixture of 15 seeds (especially carrots, red beets, tomatoes, beet and some other vegetables) and shaking the contents of the container with multiple deliveries of puff and humus. After the seeds are covered with the wrapper, they are spilled onto the paper where they are dried. Coating this way is best done 3-5 days before sowing. 20 This known technology, thanks to the large amount of organic matter in the peat / humus blend, facilitates seed seeding and improves germination and growth conditions, but as shown by practice, does not allow to increase the growth energy and strengthen their immunity and the addition of mineral fertilizer to this stimulator is needed growth, microelements and insectofungicides. Also known is a method of coating seeds, comprising pre-treating the mixture with a microelement-soaked mixture ("300 Prize", in the world of plants and animals, No. 18 (46), 200). An aqueous solution of boric acid, zinc sulfate and copper sulfate is used to prepare such a mixture. Seeds are immersed in the prepared solution and kept there for the necessary time. In the quality of an analogous 30 mixture, wood ash extract can be used. After immersion of the seeds treated with microelements, they are mixed with well dried and thoroughly comminuted humus and the resulting mixture is milled to form granules of not more than 3 mm for parsley and also carrots, 4-5 mm for onions and red beets. 2

The use of sowing seeds, processed according to the above-described technology, compared to untreated seeds, makes it possible to partially improve sowing indicators such as field germination, sowing material consumption, and so on. However, microelement seed seed seeding cannot replace the pre-heat treatment of complex seeds, the so-called "seed". a full-fledged treatment that includes mineral enrichment, growth promoters, fungicides and insecticides in addition to microelements. As a result, the known method also does not allow to ensure an increase in seed growth energy and to enhance plant immunity.

In addition, a method of coating seeds developed by the Institute of Sugar Beet Growing in Klein Vantsleben is also known, involving the application of a kaolin-based adhesive base to the seed surface, by applying a thinly ground wood flour (filler), carbofuran (insecticide) to the adhesive base. TMTD (fungicide), dye and talc with possible delivery to said mixture of microelements, e.g. molybdenum and water-regulating preparations, e.g. 15 calcium sulfate and iron sulfate. (Mucke J., Seidel K.-L. Die Pillierung Von Zuckerrubensaatgut, Qualitssaatgut-Production und Ertraggsbeelinflussung. 1988. Bd. 3 S. 584-591), obtained dragees according to the described technology in the form of balls of the same size, solid and smooth packaging and well permits water.

Said method provides for the formation of a protective-nutritive layer on the seed surface. However, in the described method, the coating material itself constitutes an artificially engineered blend of nutrient and preservative components (chemical fertilizers, microelements, growth promoters and pesticides), which entails the inability to restore the entire spectrum of action on the seed possessed by some natural biologically active systems. In addition, the use of a coating material based on known technology requires the specific effect of insecticides and fungicides on plants and the treatment of their safe doses, which is a complex task.

A significant problem in the use of the known technology is also limited by the protective action of insecticides over time, resulting in seed coating 30 immediately before sowing or a few days before sowing. Partial problems described above are solved in the method of coating seeds predominantly with maternal carrots (Durakov A.V., Gubkin V.N., et al., "Utilizing Seed Coating // Potatoes and Vegetables", 1988, N23, c.26-27). This known method involves the preparation of an adhesive mass using polyacrylamide 35 to apply adhesive to the seed surface; preparing a peat-based coating composition 3 to which boric acid, manganese sulphate, ammonium molybdate and calcium iodide feed, applying a coating composition for the adhesive and the treated dragees with pesticides. In the known method as well as in the foregoing, the coating material appears to be an artificially formed mixture of nutritional and protective components (chemical fertilizers, microelements, growth promoters, pesticides and others), the properties of which, as already indicated, cannot form the entire spectrum of action on Seeds of some naturally-active active systems that provide increased seed growth energy and strengthen plant immunity. In addition, for the preparation of the coating material, the specific action of the separate components on the plants and their processing by harmless doses is necessary, which is a complex operation. Overdose in the ammonium molybdate coating mass results in a sharp reduction in production quality, e.g. reducing sugar beet sugar content and pesticide overdosing leads to plant disruption, which can lead to the loss of all the benefits of this known seed coating method.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The object of the present invention is to improve the seed coating process in which, thanks to the technological peculiarities and materials used, the seed growth energy is increased and the plant immunity is enhanced.

The object of the present invention is to provide biohumus as a red California earthworm product in the quality of the coating in the seed coating process, including sequential application to the surface of the adhesive and coating material of the invention.

Biohumus, processed by red California earthworm, contains humates, fulminuric acids, amino acids, vitamins, real phytohormones, essential elements of plant nutrition (N, P, K), macro and microelements, spores of basic microorganisms. All these facts affect the plants at the cellular level, strengthen their immune system, allowing plants to successfully fight disease inducers, recover more quickly from disease, grow strong and healthy. Biohumus is fully tolerated by plants, has high bactericidal and fungicidal properties, and distinguishes it from pesticides by absolute ecological purity. 4

It is found that biohumus is a better complex fertilizer for plants, and none of the artificially produced coating materials in any number of microelements, growth promoters and pesticides in the number of properties and biological valuables can be matched with the natural content of nutrient and preservative components, which is biohumus. In this way, the use of biohumus in the quality of the coating material allows a protective-nutritive layer to be obtained on the surface of the seed, which increases the seed growth energy and enhances plant immunity, thereby shortening the maturation of vegetable cultures and increasing fertility with full environmental safety. In addition, there is no need for spillage, dosing of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, and in the coating mass it makes it possible to greatly simplify coating technology, reduce labor and cost.

The following is a detailed description of the most specific examples of embodiments of said seed coating method. FIDFACT-A variant of the invention

The claimed seed coating method involves preparing an adhesive composition, e.g. glue solution according to which 1 part of the bone glue is dissolved in 9-10 parts of water at 40 ° C, stirring for 10 minutes. Further, the adhesive composition is applied to the surface of the seeds, whereby after the seeds are sifted, the seeds are placed on vibratory screens which are sprayed with glue mixture for 1-5 seconds by passing through a directed groove with constant vibration variation. They then apply a coating material to the adhesive composition, in which they use e.g. powder biohumus red californian earthworm with a weight ratio of 5-8 parts biohumus to 1 part seed and to 0.1-0.2 parts adhesive. Accordingly, the seeds with the vibrating sieves are then fed into the coating drum in which the biohumus powder is applied to the adhesive mass. The seed-coated seeds are poured into the calibration sieve drum, where they are dried by a naturally aspirated stream with a temperature of T = 50 ° C for 5 minutes. According to said method, the dragee obtained has a round shape with a fraction of 2.0-3.0 mm, has a solid smooth wrap, has good water permeability and has a shelf life of 30-50% over ordinary seeds. To increase the thickness of the coating layer, the coating process is repeatedly performed. In contrast to the known level of technique, said seed coating method allows: - to increase seed germination and energy growth; - extend the shelf life by 30-50%; - shorten the ripening period by 10-14 days; - increase the fertility of practically all vegetable cultures by 30-40%; - Strengthen plant immunity.

Claims (1)

Formulation of the Invention The method of coating seeds, including the gradual application to the surface of the seeds of the adhesive mass and the coating material, is that biohumus is used as the product of the red California earthworm in the quality of the coating material.