SK282526B6 - Waste water treatment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

The device is designed for wastewater treatment and treatment using high pressure water jet equipment. The waste water chambers (3, 4, 5, 6) contain horizontal filter compartments (9, 10) or vertical filter elements (11). The device consists of a transportable tank (1). At least two chambers (3, 4), alternately or simultaneously connected to a wastewater inlet (12), are used for pre-purification. The two separate end chambers (6, 7) with the inlet openings (8) are stably connected to the previous chamber (5). By closing their outlet (19, 20), the end chambers (6, 7) can be alternately or simultaneously shut down.

Description

Technical field

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a plant for the treatment and purification of waste water, mainly arising from cleaning and / or disposal operations using high pressure water jet devices (high pressure water jet cleaning), wherein the waste water is routed through several chambers containing horizontal and vertical and consisting of one or more transportable containers.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

A treatment device of this type is known from DE 40 31 339 A1. The known apparatus has three consecutive chambers arranged in a row in a transportable tank, with an upstream wastewater inlet in the first chamber, with downflow openings in the separating walls of the central chamber, and with one clean water outlet in the last chamber but below the inlet level . In the first and last chambers there are horizontally oriented filter cartridges, the middle chamber comprising vertical filter cartridges. The arrangement of such a known conditioning device has proven in practice. However, it has been shown that the periodically necessary cleaning of the horizontally oriented filter element leads to downtimes that are disadvantageous for continuous operation.

The object of the invention was to improve the operating conditions of the treatment plant of the type described to such an extent that it allows continuous treatment and purification of the water without interrupting the operation of the plant for a longer period of time.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

According to the invention, this object is achieved by providing at least two pre-chambers which can be connected simultaneously or alternately to the waste water inlet for the pre-cleaning in the first cleaning stage. The invention allows for regular cleaning or replacement of the horizontal filter cartridges without interruption of operation in the first cleaning stage, wherein the pre-chamber separated from the waste water inlet can be cleaned while the second pre-chamber carries the entire waste water stream. The assembly of the device according to the invention furthermore offers the possibility of better adaptation to different operating situations. If e.g. The waste water contamination is temporarily very high, both pre-chambers can be connected to the water inlet at the same time, so that through such parallel operation the cleaning performance of the first cleaning stage is correspondingly increased.

According to the invention, both pre-chambers can be connected in succession, the discharge from one pre-chamber to the other. This arrangement allows the arrangement of the conditioning device to be simple in advance and is advantageous, in particular, when the installation consists of a single tank divided by several partition walls into chambers, which can be transported by road vehicle. Another advantage is that the chamber following both pre-chambers is always fed in full width, regardless of which pre-chamber is connected to the waste water inlet.

Another embodiment of the invention envisages that both pre-chambers are connected in parallel to each other to a plurality of purification chambers.

With regard to automatic control of water inflow, according to one further embodiment of the invention, the level of the pre-chamber is measured using a level control device. If the preset maximum state is exceeded in the pre-chamber, the inlet to this chamber is closed by opening the valve and the inlet to the second chamber is opened. In addition, an overfill level sensor can be placed in the pre-chamber to interrupt the water supply to the system when the maximum level is reached, either by turning off the pump or closing the inlet valve. This will prevent the device from overflowing.

The operation of the treatment device according to the invention can be further improved in that two separate end chambers are used for the purification of the waste water, the inlet openings of which are still connected to one preceding chamber of the device. Their shutdown is possible by closing the outlet from the chamber to which they are connected. Thereafter, it is possible to clean the horizontal filter element in the end chambers during operation of the device, with the end chamber to be cleaned disconnected. As in the case of pre-chamber, the end chambers can be connected in parallel or in series.

To enable the device to be emptied through the end chambers, the invention envisages that a closable outlet opening, which is equipped with a filter element, having an effect corresponding to the horizontal filter element of the end chamber, is situated near the bottom of at least one of the end chambers. This ensures that when draining the device, the water drained has the necessary cleanliness and contaminants and pollutants remain trapped in the device.

When operating high-pressure water jets, it is not possible to consistently recapture all the water produced by them, since water is lost, for example, by evaporation and the formation of a fine mist. It is therefore necessary to replenish the collected and purified amount of waste water with fresh water to compensate for the above mentioned water losses. According to the invention, this can be achieved simply by connecting downstream of the end chambers a storage tank which is connected to a fresh water source and from which high-pressure water jet devices are fed. The fresh water flow can be controlled simply by measuring the level in the storage tank and opening the fresh water supply valve when the level falls below the set value.

For the first treatment stage with its horizontal filter cartridges, it is necessary to distribute the waste water inlet as precisely as possible over the area of the pre-chamber. For this reason, the invention contemplates that the wastewater inlet is formed by a manifold having one or more horizontally oriented loops. The pipes of these loops have outlet openings alternately placed on mutually adjacent sections. Due to the described inlet arrangement, the waste water supplied by the circulation pump to the treatment plant is fed to a large amount over the entire area of the split point chamber with different flow directions. This results in a uniform load on the horizontal filter element, without creating high flow zones.

According to the invention, the waste water inlet pipes of elastically deformable material with through-axial openings parallel to the pipe axis can be slits. By twisting, turning the individual tube sections around their longitudinal axis, it is achieved that the longitudinal slits in the tube create alternating double-sided outflow openings.

If the waste water contains contamination which cannot be or is difficult to separate by filtration or adsorption, e.g. heavy metals or hydrocarbons, according to the invention, prior to water inflow into the plant, two parallel coagulation chambers can be connected to each other in which contaminants or pollutants can be separated by flocculation means. The coagulation chambers must mostly be equipped with pumps, which pump the treated water after sedimentation of the flocs into the pre-chamber of the treatment plant. The use of pumps can be avoided when the coagulation chambers are placed higher than the pre-chamber of the device. Coagulation tanks are primarily a separate building unit which can be connected to the pre-chambers of the treatment plant by means of lines. In this way, the entire plant can then be operated with or without coagulation tanks upstream as required. For efficient coagulation, it is advantageous if the tanks can be equipped with agitators. For this purpose, the invention envisages placing stirrer clamping devices on coagulation tanks. Furthermore, the coagulation chambers may be equipped with bubbling devices with the possibility of being connected to a source of pressurized air for water circulation and (if necessary) oxygen supply.

The inclusion of two parallel-connected coagulation chambers enables, as in the case of alternately connected pre-chambers, continuous water purification and treatment without interruption of operation. Thus, the coagulation chambers can assume the same damping function that is associated with the pre-chambers in parallel. If the device has two coagulation tanks at the inlet, then only one single pre-cleaning chamber (pre-chamber) is sufficient.

When treating waste water in coagulation tanks, after filling one tank, the pH value in this tank is first measured and adjusted to the desired value. In accordance with the previously performed analysis, a coagulation agent is added and mixed into the waste water while the incoming waste water is further fed into the second coagulation tank. After the time required for the flakes to form and settle, the treated, treated water from the first coagulation tank is pumped into the pre-chamber of the plant. Then the same procedure is repeated within the filled second coagulation tank.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which: FIG. 1 shows a schematic representation of a treatment device according to the invention with five chambers connected in series from above, FIG. 2 is a schematic representation of a longitudinal section through the apparatus of FIG. 1, FIG. Fig. 3 is a schematic illustration of another treatment device with chambers parallel to each other and a storage tank seen from above; 4 is a schematic illustration of the device of FIG. 3 in longitudinal section, FIG. 5 shows a view of the waste water inlet according to the invention, FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the waste water inlet pipe of FIG. 5, FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the waste water inlet pipe of FIG. 5th

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

In FIG. 1 and 2, the conditioning device shown consists of a cuboid-shaped tank 1, which is divided by dividing walls 2 into two antechamber 3, 4, one intermediate chamber 5 and two end chambers 6, 7. The dividing walls 2 have overflow openings 8 near the bottom of the tank The chambers 3 to 7 are arranged in a row and connected to each other through the through holes 8.

In the pre-chambers 3, 4 and in the end chambers 6, 7, horizontal filter inserts 9, 10 are disposed, which flow through the water in the vertical direction. The intermediate chamber 5 comprises two standing filters 11 which are arranged parallel to the partition walls at a distance from each other. The filter elements 9 comprise sieves for trapping larger particles and filter material, such as e.g. glass wool, gravel or other filter substances that will retain finer particles. In addition, the filter elements 9 cause the flow to be calmed, which promotes sedimentation of the finer dispersed particles. The standing filters 11 are mainly filled with filter materials which serve to separate hydrocarbons and heavy metals. The filter cartridges 10 serve primarily for fine filtration and, depending on the composition of the waste water to be treated, can be equipped with suitable filter materials. The inlet of the waste water to the pre-chambers 3, 4 takes place via the inlet 12 with two separate inlet pipes 13, 14, each of which can be closed by valves 15 and

16. Separation pipes 17, 18 are connected to the outflow openings of the inlet pipes 13, 14, which distribute the incoming waste water regularly over the entire horizontal inlet cross-section of the pre-chamber 3, 4. The distribution pipes can correspond to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5 to 7.

To drain purified water, the end chambers 6, 7 have outlet openings 19, 20 which can be closed by valves 21, 22. A supply tank or buffer tank (not shown), from which the pump pumps water to feed the high-pressure water jet device, may be attached to the outlets 19, 20.

The above-described device allows efficient treatment of waste water resulting from the continuous operation of high pressure water jet systems. In this case, the sewage collected and transported by the pump to the inlet 12 is fed into only one pre-chamber, e.g. the chamber 15, wherein the valve 15 opens and the valve 16 closes. In the pre-chamber 3, the pre-treated waste water then flows through the pre-chamber 4 into the intermediate chamber 5, passes through the standing filters 11 and first reaches the end chamber 6. If the valve 21 at the outlet 19 is open and the valve 22 at the outlet 20 is closed water purified only in the end chamber 6 and after passing through the filter element 10 and the outlet 19 leaves the device. The pre-chamber 4 and the end chamber 7 do not take part in water purification in such a mode of operation, so that their filter elements can be cleaned or replaced if necessary.

If, after a certain period of operation, the flow resistance in the chamber 3 and / or the end chamber 6 increases too much (due to increasing contamination of the filter element), the level in the chamber 3 rises above the specified value. This level rise is recorded by an unspecified measuring device and is signaled in the form of a suitable signal. This signal can then automatically or manually change the operation of the device, closing the valves 15 and 21 and opening the valves 16 and 22. This will disconnect the pre-chamber 3 and the end chamber 6 so that the filter cartridges contained therein can be cleaned without that the operation of the device has to be interrupted.

Even in case of need for cleaning and regeneration of the standing filters 11, no shutdown of the equipment is necessary. Since two standing filters 11 are envisaged, one of them can be removed and replaced by a cleaned or regenerated standing filter without any impact on the water purification quality.

If the described apparatus is not operated continuously or the required cleaning intervals are large enough, the inlet 12 can be connected simultaneously with the two pre-chambers 3, 4 in order to increase the cleaning performance or to manage a particularly high impurity content. Thus, the device according to the invention makes it possible in a simple manner to adapt to the short-term maximum load.

For emptying the device, the end chamber 7 has a closable outlet opening 23, which is preceded by a filter element 24. A recirculation line can also be connected to the outlet opening 23.

In the case of the conditioning device of FIG. 3 and 4, two parallel-facing pre-chambers 34, 35, one intermediate chamber 36 and two parallel side-by-side end chambers are formed in the cuboid-shaped tank 30 by transverse dividing walls 31 with overflow openings 32 and two longitudinally directed dividing walls 33. The pre-chambers 34, 35 and the end chambers 37, 38 have horizontal filter inserts 39, 40. In the intermediate chamber 36, one vertically oriented standing filter 41 is disposed parallel to the dividing walls 31. Above the horizontal filters 40 the outflow openings 43, 44 connect chambers 37, 38 with a storage tank 45 connected to tank 30. The storage tank 45 is connected to a fresh water supply 46 having a float valve 47. This will open when the level of the storage tank 45 drops.

In FIG. 3 and 4, the sketched apparatus offers the same operating possibilities as the apparatus of FIG. 1 and 2. Due to the location of the pre-chamber 34, 35 and the end chambers 37, 38, it is suitable that when operating only one pre-chamber, e.g. In the pre-chamber 34, an end chamber 38 is operated, which is located transversely to the pre-chamber, as this results in a better flow through the standing filter 41.

Fig. 5 to 7 show an embodiment of a manifold 50 that is connected to the inlet. The manifold 50 is designed as a double pipe loop approximately in the form of an eight, which lies in a horizontal plane. The connecting flange 51 is rigidly connected to the wall of the cartridge 52 and to the inlet pipe 53. The manifold 50 consists of individual mutually welded tubular portions, sections 54 to 58, each of which have longitudinal slits 59, 60 arranged opposite each other. longitudinally above the cross-section of the pipe slightly more than 90 ° and are always positioned opposite each other. Thus, the slots 59, 60 form the water inlet openings through which the water flows from the manifold 50 in the direction of the arrows in FIG. 5. To ensure a uniform flow of water over the entire length of the manifold 50, the slots 59, 60 widen in the flow direction. Then, for example, the slots 59, 60 on the portions of the pipe 56 are wider than the portions of the pipe 54. The described manifold is easy to manufacture and ensures a uniform distribution of the incoming water over a relatively large horizontal plane. Instead of the slots 59, 60, the individual tubular portions may also have continuous slots and, in accordance with the location of the slots 59, 60, must be rotated about their longitudinal axis.

The described devices according to the invention are distinguished by their ease of manufacture, advantageous dimensions and a manner of operation adaptable to different needs. The devices can be built in an easily transportable size, but also in the form of large stationary devices. They are suitable for use with various filter materials. Different water treatment methods may be applied in the individual chambers in order to gradually remove the various substances contained in the water. Purified water can be reused as domestic water.

Although it is generally advantageous for the individual chambers to be located in one tank, in the case of unfavorable transport conditions, one chamber containing tanks to be connected to each other by water pipes or hoses can also be considered separately.

The device according to the invention is also suitable for the treatment and purification of waste water from other purification processes, e.g. autoumývačiek. If the wastewater contains more pollutants, When cleaning buildings damaged by fire, a sedimentation tank can be pre-chambered in the pre-chamber, in which the waste water is pre-cleaned and drained by changing the pH value and adding flocculation, clarifying and auxiliary flocculants.

Claims (17)

PATENT CLAIMS 1. Installations for the purification and treatment of waste water, mainly arising from cleaning and disposal operations using high-pressure water jets, wherein the waste water is led through several chambers with filter compartments or inserts and the chambers consist of one or more transportable tanks, characterized in that: The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least two pre-chambers (3, 4; 34, 35), which are alternately or simultaneously connected to the waste water inlet (12), are used for pretreatment in the first treatment stage. Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the two antechamber (3, 4) are connected one after the other, wherein the discharge of one antechamber (3) on the discharge side flows into another antechamber (4). Water device according to claim 1, characterized in that the two pre-chambers (34, 35) connected in parallel are connected to a plurality of refining chambers (36, 37, 38). Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the level in the antechamber (3, 4) is measured by a level control device and the inlet is closed by activating the valve (21, 22) when the predetermined maximum level is exceeded. into this pre-chamber and the inlet to the second pre-chamber opens. Device according to claim 1, characterized in that two separate end chambers (6, 7; 37, 38) are used for the purification of the waste water, the inlet openings (8; 32) of which are in permanent communication with the previous chamber (6). 5, 36) shut off the devices and which can be disconnected by closing their outflow (19, 20, 43, 44). Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that in the vicinity of the bottom of at least one (6) of the two end chambers (6, 7) there is a closable drain (23) which is provided with a filter element (24) having an efficiency corresponding to a horizontal filter element (10) of the end chamber (7). Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that a storage tank (45) is connected downstream of the end chambers (37, 38), which is connected to a fresh water supply (46) and from which high-pressure water jet devices are supplied. . Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the level of the water in the storage tank (45) is measured and, when it falls below a predetermined value, the fresh water supply valve (46) is opened. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the waste water inlet has a manifold (50) with one or more horizontally oriented pipe loops, whose pipes (54 to 58) have bilateral outlet openings (59) on adjacent sections , 60). Device according to claim 9, characterized in that the waste water inlet pipes are of elastically moldable material, have continuous slots parallel to the axis of the pipe and are formed by twisting the individual pipe sections around their longitudinal axis so that the longitudinal slots form double-sided outlets. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an automatic overfill level sensor is provided in one chamber, which interrupts the supply of waste water by stopping the pump or closing the inlet valve when the maximum level is reached. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two coagulation tanks are connected in parallel to each other prior to the inlet of the waste water into the apparatus, in which impurities and pollutants can be separated by adding flocculants by means of flocculation. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coagulation tanks are equipped with pumps by which the treated water is pumped into one of the pre-chambers of the apparatus after the flocculation sedimentation. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coagulation tanks form a separate building unit which can be connected to the antechamber of the apparatus by pipeline. Device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that stirrer fastening devices are installed on the coagulation tanks. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the coagulation tanks have an aeration device connectable to a source of compressed air. Apparatus according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that two coagulation tanks are followed by a single pre-cleaning chamber (pre-chamber).