SI9600355A - Switching reluctance electric drive - Google Patents
Switching reluctance electric drive Download PDFInfo
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- SI9600355A SI9600355A SI9600355A SI9600355A SI9600355A SI 9600355 A SI9600355 A SI 9600355A SI 9600355 A SI9600355 A SI 9600355A SI 9600355 A SI9600355 A SI 9600355A SI 9600355 A SI9600355 A SI 9600355A
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- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003302 ferromagnetic material Substances 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005294 ferromagnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005291 magnetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K21/00—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets
- H02K21/12—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets
- H02K21/14—Synchronous motors having permanent magnets; Synchronous generators having permanent magnets with stationary armatures and rotating magnets with magnets rotating within the armatures
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K19/00—Synchronous motors or generators
- H02K19/02—Synchronous motors
- H02K19/10—Synchronous motors for multi-phase current
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Franc Tašner, ing.el. Ulica svobode 8 2204 MiklavžFranc Tašner, ing.el. Freedom Street 8 2204 Miklavž
Preklopni reluktančni elektromotorSwitching reluctance motor
Predmet izuma je preklopni reluktančni elektromotor oziroma bolj natančno elektromotor opisane vrste, pri katerem sta dva sosednja statorska pola magnetno povezana v polni par in se razdalje med poloma v polnem paru po dolžini razlikujejo od razdalj med sosednjima polnima paroma.The subject of the invention is a switching reluctance electric motor, or more specifically an electric motor of the type described, in which two adjacent stator poles are magnetically coupled to a full pair and the distances between the poles in the full pair differ in length from the distances between adjacent full pairs.
Izum je po mednarodni klasifikaciji patentov uvrščen v razrede H 02K 37/02.According to the international patent classification, the invention is classified in classes H 02K 37/02.
Glede na pomanjkljivosti dosedaj znanih preklopnih reluktančnih elektromotorjev, je tehnični problem izuma v tem, kako skonstruirati elektromotor omenjene vrste, da bo med delovanjem elektromotorja po izumu že pri izvedbi tovrstnega motorja z najnižjim številom polov pri vsakokratno podanem razmerju števila rotorskih polov in statorskih polov lahko hkrati vključenih dva ali več parov nasproti si ležečih navitij v diametralno nasprotnih statorskih polnih parih.In view of the disadvantages of the hitherto known switching reluctance electric motors, the technical problem of the invention is how to construct an electric motor of the said type so that during the operation of the electric motor according to the invention, even with the given number of poles at each given ratio of the number of rotor poles and stator poles, two or more pairs of opposite windings in diametrically opposite stator full pairs are included.
Pri preklopnih reluktančnih elektromotorjih sta stator in rotor iz lameliranega feromagnetnega materiala. Statorskih polov je sodo število nad dva, rotorskih polov pa je poljubno sodo število. Razdalja med sosednjima statorskima poloma je ista po vsem obodu (P.J.Lawrenson, A brief review of switched reluctance drives, European Power Electronics and Drive Journal, 2, str. 133-144 /oktober 1992/; E.Hopper, Projektierung von Svvitched-Reluctance-Antrieben, Antriebstechnik, 35, str. 29-31). Privlačni sili med elektromagneti dveh diametralno nasprotnih polov statorja ali rotorja ter feromagnetnim materialom sosednjih dveh polov rotorja oziroma statorja povzročata navor, ki suče rotor. Statorski poli so izvedeni posamično in morajo biti zato povezani s feromagnetnim obročem. Poleg tega na rotorju ne morejo biti nameščeni trajni magneti. Nekaj energije se zato troši za vzbujanje rotorjevih polov, med rotorskimi in statorskimi poli pa se ne pojavljajo odbojne sile. Med pomanjkljivosti znanih preklopnih reluktančnih elektromotorjev sodi tudi majhen vrtilni navor zaradi hkratne vključenosti le dveh diametralnih statorskih navitij.For switching reluctance motors, the stator and rotor are made of laminated ferromagnetic material. The stator poles are an even number above two, and the rotor poles are any even number. The distance between adjacent stator poles is the same throughout the circumference (PJLawrenson, A brief review of switched reluctance drives, European Power Electronics and Drive Journal, 2, pp. 133-144 / October 1992 /; E.Hopper, Projektierung von Svvitched-Reluctance -Antrieben, Antriebstechnik, 35, pp. 29-31). The attractive forces between the electromagnets of two diametrically opposite stator or rotor poles and the ferromagnetic material of the adjacent two rotor or stator poles cause torque to rotate the rotor. The stator poles are made individually and must therefore be connected to the ferromagnetic ring. In addition, permanent magnets cannot be mounted on the rotor. Therefore, some energy is expended to excite the rotor poles, and no repulsive forces appear between the rotor and stator poles. A disadvantage of the known switching reluctance motors is the low torque due to the simultaneous inclusion of only two diametric stator windings.
Navedeni tehnični problem je rešen s preklopnim reluktančnim elektromotorjem po izumu, ki je značilen po tem, da so statorski poli izvedeni tako, da sta po dva sosednja povezana v statorski polni par in da se razmeije središčnega kota, ki ustreza razdalji med sosednjima polnima paroma, in središčnega kota, ki ustreza razdalji med poloma v polnem paru, z naraščanjem števila statorskih polnih parov spreminja od vrednosti 0,09 pri preklopnem reluktančnem motorju s štirimi statorskimi polnimi pari in z šest rotorskimi poli do vrednosti 0,99.Said technical problem is solved by a switching reluctance electric motor according to the invention, characterized in that the stator poles are arranged in such a way that two adjacent ones are connected in a stator full pair and that the center angle corresponding to the distance between adjacent full pairs is separated, and the center angle corresponding to the distance between the poles in the full pair varies with the increase of the number of stator full pairs from 0.09 for a switching reluctance motor with four stator full pairs and six rotor poles to 0.99.
Magnetna povezava po dveh sosednjih statorskih polov v statorske polne pare v preklopnem reluktančnem elektromotorju po izumu na prednosten način omogoča različnost razdalje med statorskima poloma znotraj polnega para od razdalje med dvema statorskima poloma, ki pripadata sosednjima polnima paroma. S tem je omogočena hkratna vzbuditev več statorskih polov in zato večji navor in večja moč elektromotorja po izumu.The magnetic coupling of two adjacent stator poles to the stator pole pairs in a switching reluctance electric motor according to the invention advantageously allows the difference between the stator poles within a full pair and the distance between two stator poles belonging to adjacent full pairs. This enables more stator poles to be excited simultaneously and therefore greater torque and greater power of the electric motor according to the invention.
Izum bo v nadaljnjem podrobno obrazložen na osnovi opisa izvedbenega primera ter pripadajočega načrta, ki na edini sliki prikazuje preklopni reluktančni elektromotor po izumu v prerezu prečno na njegovo os.The invention will hereinafter be explained in detail on the basis of the description of the embodiment and the accompanying plan, which in the only figure shows the switching reluctance electric motor of the invention in cross section to its axis.
Preklopni reluktančni elektromotor po izumu je enosmerni elektromotor, ki ima navitja nameščena na vseh statorskih polih 4A, 1, 3A, 6, 2A, 5, ... Rotorski poli Γ, 2’,... pa so lahko izvedeni iz naravnih magnetov (na sliki) - njihovi poli so označeni z oznakami N (sever) in S (jug) - ali pa iz feromagnetnega materiala in je v tem primeru vsak drugi pol opremljen z vzbujevalno tuljavo (ni predstavljeno na sliki). Motor obsega štiri, šest, osem, ... statorskih polnih parov, oziroma šest, deset, štirinajst, ... rotorskih polov. Gornji števili polov pa se lahko pomnoži s poljubnim mnogokratnikom. Na sliki je predstavljen preklopni reluktančni elektromotor po izumu s šest statorskimi polnimi pari 4A, 1; 3A, 6; 2A, 5;...; 5A, 2 in z deset rotorskimi poli 1’, 2’,..., 10’.The switching reluctance motor according to the invention is a one-way electric motor having windings mounted on all stator poles 4A, 1, 3A, 6, 2A, 5, ... Rotor poles “2, 2”, ... can be made of natural magnets ( in the figure) - their poles are marked N (north) and S (south) - or ferromagnetic material and in this case every other pole is equipped with an excitation coil (not shown in the figure). The engine consists of four, six, eight, ... stator full pairs, or six, ten, fourteen, ... rotor poles. However, the upper number of poles can be multiplied by any multiple. The figure shows a switching reluctance electric motor according to the invention with six stator full pairs 4A, 1; 3A, 6; 2A, 5; ...; 5A, 2 and with ten rotor poles 1 ', 2', ..., 10 '.
Preklopni reluktančni elektromotor po izumu je značilen po tem, da so statorski poli (4A, 1, 3A, 6, 2A, 5, ...) izvedeni tako, da po dva sosednja tvorita oziroma sta magnetno povezana v statorski polni par 4A, 1; 3A, 6; 2A, 5;.... Statorski polni pari so pritrjeni na statorski obod. Statorski obod je pri elektromotorju po izumu lahko izveden tudi iz neferomegnetnega materiala, naprimer aluminija.The switching reluctance electric motor according to the invention is characterized in that the stator poles (4A, 1, 3A, 6, 2A, 5, ...) are arranged in such a way that two adjacent ones form or are magnetically connected to the stator full pair 4A, 1 ; 3A, 6; 2A, 5; .... The stator full pairs are attached to the stator girth. In the electric motor according to the invention, the stator rim may also be made of non-ferromagnetic material, such as aluminum.
Preklopni reluktančni elektromotor po izumu pa je nadalje značilen po tem, da se razmerje središčnega kota 03, ki ustreza razdalji med sosednjima statorskima polnima paroma, in središčnega kota 01, ki ustreza razdalji med poloma v statorskem polnem paru, z naraščanjem števila statorskih polnih parov spreminja od vrednosti 0,09 pri preklopnem reluktančnem motorju s štirimi statorskimi polnimi pari in z šest rotorskimi poli do vrednosti 0,99 pri zelo velikem številu obojnih polov.The switching reluctance motor according to the invention is further characterized in that the ratio of the center angle 03 corresponding to the distance between adjacent stator full pairs and the center angle 01 corresponding to the distance between the poles in the stator full pair varies with increasing number of stator full pairs. from 0.09 for a switching reluctance motor with four stator poles and six rotor poles to 0.99 for a very large number of both poles.
Za predstavljeni izvedbeni primer se je s poskusom ugotovilo, da je ugodno, če so kotna širina 01, kotna širina 02 statorskega pola in kotna širina 03 v naslednjih razmerjih: 01 = 1,06 0R, 02 = 0,94 0R, kjer je kot 0R enak kotu 360°, deljenemu z dvojnim številom rotorskih polov. Odtod izhaja razmerje 03:01 = 0,37.In the present embodiment, the experiment was found to be advantageous if the angular width 01, the angular width 02 of the stator pole, and the angular width 03 in the following proportions: 01 = 1.06 0R, 02 = 0.94 0R, where the angle 0R equals 360 ° divided by the double number of rotor poles. Hence the ratio 03:01 = 0.37.
Navitja statorskih polov so priključena na naslednji način. Nasprotna navitja na diametralno nasproti si ležečih statorskih polnih parih 1, 1A; 2, 2A; ... in 6, 6A so vezana zaporedno ali vzporedno in priključena na napetostne vire Ul, U2, ... oziroma U6, tako da postanejo ti poli v trenutku priključitve naprimer južni poli (S); seveda bi si lahko izbrali tudi, da bi bili severni poli (N). Kot viri napetosti Ul, U2, ...U6 lahko nastopajo v določenem zaporedju krmiljeni usmerniki.The stator pole windings are connected as follows. Opposite windings to diametrically opposite stator full pairs 1, 1A; 2, 2A; ... and 6, 6A are connected in series or in parallel and connected to voltage sources Ul, U2, ... and U6 respectively, so that these poles become, at the moment of connection, for example, the southern poles (S); of course you could also choose to be north pole (N). Controlled rectifiers may act as voltage sources Ul, U2, ... U6.
V nadaljnjem je opisano delovanje preklopnega reluktančnega elektromotorja po izumu.The following describes the operation of a switching reluctance electric motor according to the invention.
Najprej naj se vključita napetostna vira Ul in U2. Statorski poli 1, 1A, 2, 2A postanejo južni poli (S), statorski poli 4, 4A, 5, 5A pa postanejo severni poli (N). Privlači se osem parov polov: statorski poli 1/S, 1A/S, 2/S, 2A/S, 4/N, 4A/N, 5/N in 5A/N ter rotorski poli l’/N, 5’/N, 9’/N, 3’/N, 6’/S, 1O’/S, 4’/S oziroma 8’/S. Na rotor deluje navor v negativnem smislu, to je v smeri gibanja urinega kazalca.First, turn on the voltage sources Ul and U2. The stator poles 1, 1A, 2, 2A become the southern poles (S), and the stator poles 4, 4A, 5, 5A become the northern poles (N). Eight pairs of poles are attracted: stator poles 1 / S, 1A / S, 2 / S, 2A / S, 4 / N, 4A / N, 5 / N and 5A / N, and rotor poles l '/ N, 5' / N, 9 '/ N, 3' / N, 6 '/ S, 1O' / S, 4 '/ S and 8' / S, respectively. The rotor acts on the rotor in a negative sense, that is, clockwise.
Zatem se vključi napetostni vir U3. Statorska pola 3 in 3A postaneta južna pola (S), statorska pola 6 in 6A pa severna pola (N). Z majhno časovno zakasnitvijo se izključi napetostni vir Ul, medtem ko napetostni vir U2 ostane vključen. Odbijajo se štirje pari polov: statorski poli 3/S, 3A/S, 6/N in 6A/N ter rotorski poli 8’/S, 2’/S, 3’/N oziroma 7’/N. Po zasuku za kot φ3 pa se pojavi privlačna sila na štiri rotorske pole 7’/N, Γ/N, 2’/S in 6’/S. Privlači se torej ponovno osem statorskih polov in osem rotorskih polov, saj je napetostni vir U2 še vedno vključen in zato še nadalje obstoja privlačna sila med statorskimi poli 2/S, 2A/S, 5/N in 5A/N in rotorskimi poli 97N, 3’/N, 4’/S oziroma 8’/S. Rotor se zavrti v negativni smislu za 2/3 </>R, to je za 12°.The voltage source U3 is then switched on. The stator poles 3 and 3A become the south pole (S) and the stator poles 6 and 6A become the north pole (N). With a small time delay, the voltage source Ul is switched off while the voltage source U2 remains switched on. Four pairs of poles are deducted: 3 / S, 3A / S, 6 / N and 6A / N stator poles and 8 '/ S, 2' / S, 3 '/ N and 7' / N rotor poles, respectively. After rotating the angle φ3, an attractive force appears on the four rotor poles 7 '/ N, Γ / N, 2' / S and 6 '/ S. Thus, eight stator poles and eight rotor poles are again attracted, since the voltage source U2 is still engaged and therefore an attractive force continues between the stator poles 2 / S, 2A / S, 5 / N and 5A / N and the rotor poles 97N, 3 '/ N, 4' / S and 8 '/ S, respectively. The rotor rotates in a negative sense by 2/3 </RTI> R, i.e. by 12 °.
Vključi se napetostni vir U4 in med štirimi statorskimi poli in štirimi rotorskimi poli se pojavi odbojna sila, po zasuku rotorja za φ3 pa se pojavi privlačna sila med štirimi statorskimi poli in naslednjimi štirimi rotorskimi poli. Z majhno časovno zakasnitvijo za vključitvijo napetostnega vira U4 se izključi napetostni vir U2. Napetostni vir U3 ostane vključen in zato se štirje statorski poli in štirje rotorski poli še naprej privlačijo. Rotor se je pri tem zopet zavrtel za 2/3 </>R, to je za 12°.A voltage source U4 is switched on and a repulsive force appears between the four stator poles and the four rotor poles, and after the rotation of the rotor by φ3, an attractive force appears between the four stator poles and the next four rotor poles. With a small time delay for switching on the voltage source U4, the voltage source U2 is switched off. The voltage source U3 remains switched on and therefore four stator poles and four rotor poles continue to be attracted. The rotor rotated again by 2/3 </RTI> that is 12 °.
Vključi se napetostni vir U5 in med štirimi statorskimi poli in štirimi rotorskimi poli se pojavi odbojna sila, po zasuku rotorja za 03 pa se pojavi privlačna sila med štirimi statorskimi poli in naslednjimi štirimi rotorskimi poli. Z majhno časovno zakasnitvijo za vključitvijo napetostnega vira U5 se izključi napetostni vir U3. Napetostni vir U4 ostane vključen in zato se štirje statorski poli in štirje rotorski poli še naprej privlačijo. Rotor se je pri tem zopet zavrtel za 2/3 0R, to je za 12°.A voltage source U5 is switched on and a repulsive force appears between the four stator poles and the four rotor poles, and after the rotation of the rotor by 03, an attractive force appears between the four stator poles and the next four rotor poles. With a small time delay for switching on the voltage source U5, the voltage source U3 is switched off. The U4 voltage source remains switched on and therefore four stator poles and four rotor poles continue to be attracted. The rotor rotated again by 2/3 0R, ie by 12 °.
Vključi se napetostni vir U6, izključi se napetostni vir U4, napetostni vir U5 ostane vključen. Rotor se je pri tem zopet zavrtel za 2/3 0R.The voltage source U6 is switched on, the voltage source U4 is switched off, the voltage source U5 remains switched on. The rotor rotated again by 2/3 0R.
Ponovno se vključi napetostni vir Ul, izključi se napetostni vir U5, napetostni vir U6 ostane vključen. Rotor se je pri tem zopet zavrtel za 2/3 0R.The voltage source Ul is switched on again, the voltage source U5 is switched off, the voltage source U6 remains switched on. The rotor rotated again by 2/3 0R.
Ponovno se vključi tudi napetostni vir U2, izključi se napetostni vir U6, napetostni vir Ul pa še ostane vključen. Ponovi se slika, kakršna je bila takoj po priključitvi elektromotorja po izumu na napetostna vira Ul in U2, vendar je sedaj ob statorskem polu 1 rotorski pol 9’.The voltage source U2 is also switched on again, the voltage source U6 is switched off, and the voltage source Ul remains on. Repeat the picture as it was immediately after the electric motor of the invention was connected to the voltage sources Ul and U2, but now there is a 9 'rotor pole at the stator pole.
En cikel obsega šest korakov, ki obstoje v priključevanju napetostnih virov Ul, U2, ... do U6 na statorska navitja zaporedoma v pozitivnem smislu, pri čemer se rotor zasuče v negativnem smislu za 6x2/3x0R = 40R = 72°.One cycle consists of six steps that exist in connecting the voltage sources Ul, U2, ... to U6 to the stator windings sequentially in the positive sense, with the rotor rotating in the negative sense by 6x2 / 3x0R = 40R = 72 °.
Claims (1)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9600355A SI9600355A (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Switching reluctance electric drive |
| PCT/SI1997/000031 WO1998024167A1 (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1997-11-17 | Switched reluctance electric motor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9600355A SI9600355A (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Switching reluctance electric drive |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SI9600355A true SI9600355A (en) | 1998-06-30 |
Family
ID=20431965
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SI9600355A SI9600355A (en) | 1996-11-29 | 1996-11-29 | Switching reluctance electric drive |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SI (1) | SI9600355A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO1998024167A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9647593B2 (en) * | 2011-03-30 | 2017-05-09 | Shanshan Dai | Switched reluctance motors and excitation control methods for the same |
| CN106602829A (en) * | 2017-01-14 | 2017-04-26 | 山东理工大学 | Five-phase strong fault-tolerant permanent magnet motor for automobile |
| CN111371350B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-24 | 沈阳揽月工业设计有限公司 | Control method of full-magnetic-field direct-current motor system |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6311052A (en) * | 1986-06-30 | 1988-01-18 | Secoh Giken Inc | Two-phase reluctance-type semiconductor motor |
| JPS6412894A (en) * | 1987-07-06 | 1989-01-17 | Secoh Giken Kk | Reciprocating electromagnetic actuator |
| JPH01152990A (en) * | 1987-12-08 | 1989-06-15 | Secoh Giken Inc | Three-phase reluctance motor |
| JPH01164290A (en) * | 1987-12-21 | 1989-06-28 | Secoh Giken Inc | Two-phase reluctance type motor |
| CA1326698C (en) * | 1988-04-29 | 1994-02-01 | Lyman Richardson | Modular electric motor |
| US5015903A (en) * | 1988-08-15 | 1991-05-14 | Pacific Scientific Company | Electronically commutated reluctance motor |
| US5304882A (en) * | 1992-05-11 | 1994-04-19 | Electric Power Research Institute, Inc. | Variable reluctance motors with permanent magnet excitation |
| US5475277A (en) * | 1993-07-21 | 1995-12-12 | Fluidmaster, Inc. | Differential torque motor |
-
1996
- 1996-11-29 SI SI9600355A patent/SI9600355A/en unknown
-
1997
- 1997-11-17 WO PCT/SI1997/000031 patent/WO1998024167A1/en not_active Ceased
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO1998024167A1 (en) | 1998-06-04 |
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