SE535935C2

SE535935C2 - Device at a ventilation unit

Info

Publication number: SE535935C2
Application number: SE1100319A
Authority: SE
Inventors: Gert Nimblad
Original assignee: Gert Nimblad
Priority date: 2011-04-27
Filing date: 2011-04-27
Publication date: 2013-02-26
Also published as: SE1100319A1; WO2012148339A1

Description

535 935 blandningskammaren till en fjärdedel enligt fysikaliska lagar. Det går alltså inte att minska energiförbruk- ningen hos centralfläkten genom att minska trycket eller luftflödet genom dysorna/hålen. 535 935 the mixing chamber to a quarter according to physical laws. It is therefore not possible to reduce the energy consumption of the central fan by reducing the pressure or air flow through the nozzles / holes.

Syftet med föreliggande uppfinning är att eliminera de nackdelar som finns med ovan nämnda konstruktioner, genom att bibehålla samma tryck och luftflöde genom varje öppen dysa/hål, då minst en av dem stängs på grund av minskat behov av ventilationsluft till utrymmet, vilket gör att undertrycket vid varje dysa/hål blir detsamma, varför undertrycket i bland- ningskammaren vid varje dysa/hål suger in rumsluften i blandningskammaren med god effektivitet samtidigt som centralfläkten minskar i varvtal och spar energi.The object of the present invention is to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned constructions, by maintaining the same pressure and air flow through each open nozzle / hole, as at least one of them is closed due to reduced need for ventilation air to the space, which means that the negative pressure at each nozzle / hole will be the same, which is why the negative pressure in the mixing chamber at each nozzle / hole sucks the room air into the mixing chamber with good efficiency at the same time as the central fan decreases in speed and saves energy.

Tack vare uppfinningen har man nu löst problemen med ovannämnda konstruktioner på ett enkelt och billigt sätt utan att tillföra extra fläktar och många andra rörliga delar, som kan gå sönder och samtidigt minskar energiförbrukningen. Uppfinningen hänför sig till ett ventilationsaggregat, som är tillverkat av bl. a. tunn plåt och plast och som förser utrymmen, t.ex. ett antal hotellrum, med ventilationsluft för att där erhålla en önskad luftmängd per tidsenhet och en önskad temperatur i utrymmena. Ventilationsluften kommer från en central- fläkt placerad utomhus och trycks in genom ett antal dysor/hål i ventilationsaggregatet med ett förutbestämt tryck på t.ex. 80 Pa, in i en blandningskammare i ventilationsaggregatet, som där skapar ett undertryck, som suger in rumsluft från utrymmet in i blandnings- kammaren genom en värmeväxlare ansluten till venti- lationsaggregatet. I blandningskammaren blandas rums- luften med ventilationsluften och uppvärms eller avkyls 535 935 med ett cirkulerande medium, t.ex. vatten i rör i värmeväxlaren. Den nu blandade luften trycks vidare därifrån in i utrymmet. Enligt uppfinningen trycks ventilationsluften genom ett önskat antal öppna lika stora dysor/hål, som genomströmmas av samma mängd ventilationsluft per styck och per tidsenhet. Dessa är anordnade i en vägg i ventilationsaggregatet som avskiljer blandningskammaren från en tryckkammare, till vilken ventilationsluften trycks in från ett venti- lationsrör sträckande sig från centralfläkten till tilluftshål in till tryckkammaren. Antalet dysor/hål, som är stängda eller är tillgängliga för tillförsel av ventilationsluft bestäms av hur stor mängd ventila- tionsluft, som för tillfället behövs till utrymmet. Då behovet är lägre än maximalt, stängs ett antal dysor/hål av från att passeras av ventilationsluften.Thanks to the invention, the problems with the above-mentioned constructions have now been solved in a simple and inexpensive manner without adding extra fans and many other moving parts, which can break and at the same time reduce the energy consumption. The invention relates to a ventilation unit, which is made of e.g. a. thin sheet metal and plastic and which provide spaces, e.g. a number of hotel rooms, with ventilation air to obtain a desired amount of air per unit of time and a desired temperature in the rooms. The ventilation air comes from a central fan located outdoors and is pushed in through a number of nozzles / holes in the ventilation unit with a predetermined pressure of e.g. 80 Pa, into a mixing chamber in the ventilation unit, which there creates a negative pressure, which sucks room air from the space into the mixing chamber through a heat exchanger connected to the ventilation unit. In the mixing chamber, the room air is mixed with the ventilation air and 535 935 is heated or cooled with a circulating medium, e.g. water in pipes in the heat exchanger. The now mixed air is pushed further from there into the space. According to the invention, the ventilation air is forced through a desired number of open equal nozzles / holes, which are flowed through by the same amount of ventilation air per piece and per unit of time. These are arranged in a wall of the ventilation unit which separates the mixing chamber from a pressure chamber, to which the ventilation air is forced in from a ventilation pipe extending from the central fan to the supply air hole into the pressure chamber. The number of nozzles / holes that are closed or available for the supply of ventilation air is determined by the amount of ventilation air that is currently needed for the space. When the need is lower than the maximum, a number of nozzles / holes are closed off from being passed by the ventilation air.

Ett färre antal än det maximala antalet dysor/ hål är då öppna, som passeras under samma tryck i tryck- kammaren, t.ex. 80 Pa och samma luftflöde per dysa/hål oavsett hur många dysor/hål som, är öppna. En tryckkännare eller trycksensor känner automatiskt trycket och anpassar detta till ett förutbestämt tryck, som kontinuerligt ligger på samma nivå vid dysorna/ hålen, varför centralfläkten behöver arbeta motsvarande mindre och därmed sparar energi, då ett färre antal dysor/hål är öppna.A smaller number than the maximum number of nozzles / holes are then open, which are passed under the same pressure in the pressure chamber, e.g. 80 Pa and the same air flow per nozzle / hole, regardless of how many nozzles / holes are open. A pressure sensor or pressure sensor automatically senses the pressure and adjusts this to a predetermined pressure, which is continuously at the same level at the nozzles / holes, so the central fan needs to work correspondingly less and thus saves energy, as a smaller number of nozzles / holes are open.

Uppfinningen beskrivs närmare nedan med hjälp av nâgra föredragna utföringsexempel, på vilka fig. 1 visar en genomlyst vy sedd uppifrån genom ett ventilationsaggregat, 535 935 fig. 2 visar ett vertikalt tvärsnitt genom ett ventilationsaggregat, fig. 3 visar ett vertikalt tvärsnitt genom en dysa/ hål pekande in i en blandningskammare, och fig. 4 visar ett vertikalt tvärsnitt genom en tryckkammare, sedd mot en vägg med dysor/hål.The invention is described in more detail below with the aid of some preferred embodiments, in which Fig. 1 shows a translucent view seen from above through a ventilation unit, Fig. 2 shows a vertical cross-section through a ventilation unit, Fig. 3 shows a vertical cross-section through a nozzle / holes pointing into a mixing chamber, and Fig. 4 shows a vertical cross-section through a pressure chamber, seen against a wall with nozzles / holes.

Såsom framgår av fig. 1 och 2 visas ett ventilations- aggregat 1, som förser ett utrymme 3 med ventila- tionsluft 2 utifrån via en centralfläkt 5. Venti- lationsluften 2 trycks in genom ett antal dysor/hål 4 med ett förutbestämt tryck i en blandningskammare 6 i ventilationsaggregatet 1 och där skapas då ett under- tryck, som suger in rumsluft 8 från utrymmet 3 in i blandningskammaren 6 genom en värmeväxlare 7, som blandas med ventilationsluften 2 till blandad luft 28, som trycks vidare in i utrymmet 3. Öppna dysor/hål 4 genomströmmas kontinuerligt av ventilationsluft 2 medan andra är stängda. En tryckkännare 22 känner automa- tiskt av trycket och anpassar detta att kontinuerligt ligga på samma nivå efter antalet öppna dysor/hål 4.As shown in Figs. 1 and 2, a ventilation unit 1 is shown, which supplies a space 3 with ventilation air 2 from the outside via a central fan 5. The ventilation air 2 is forced in through a number of nozzles / holes 4 with a predetermined pressure in a mixing chamber 6 in the ventilation unit 1 and there a negative pressure is then created, which sucks room air 8 from the space 3 into the mixing chamber 6 through a heat exchanger 7, which is mixed with the ventilation air 2 to mixed air 28, which is pushed further into the space 3. Open nozzles / holes 4 are continuously flowed through by ventilation air 2 while others are closed. A pressure sensor 22 automatically senses the pressure and adjusts this to be continuously at the same level according to the number of open nozzles / holes 4.

Dessa är anordnade i en vägg 9, som avskiljer bland- ningskammaren 6 från en tryckkammare 10, till vilken ventilationsluften 2 trycks in från minst ett ven- tilationsrör 12 från centralfläkten 5 till till- luftshâl ll i tryckkammaren 10. Ventilationsaggregatet l är format som en låda 29. Dysorna/hålen 4 är anordnade utefter en horisontell linje 25 (fig.4) i väggen 9 ett stycke från varandra och pekar tvärs väggen 9 in mot blandningskammaren 6. Tryckkammares 10 innertak V23 är anordnat mot utrymmets 3 tak 24. 535 935 Värmeväxlaren 7 är anordnad under blandningskammaren 6, för att där suga in rumsluften 8 genom värmeväxlaren 7 från utrymmets 3 övre del där rumsluften 8 är som varmast. Vid en föredragen utföringsform av upp- finningen är tryckkammaren 10 uppdelad med en mellan- vägg 21 till två mindre tryckkammare 14 med var sin tryckkännare 22, med var sitt tilluftshål 11, där ven- tilationsluften 2 trycks in genom var sitt venti- lationsrör 12, som uppvisar var sitt spjäll 13, för att öppna eller stänga genomströmning av ventilations- luften 2. Dysorna/hålen 4 med stängt spjäll 13 genomströmmas då ej. Dysorna/hålen 4 med öppet spjäll 13 genomströmmas däremot. I ytterligare en variant av uppfinningen är lådan 29 ca 1000x1000x20O mm. Väggen 9 är då rak och uppvisar fem dysor/hål 4. De två mindre tryckkamrarna 14 uppvisar en bredd i ventilations- luftens 2 flödesriktning 17 på ca 170 mm. Den ena, mindre tryckkammaren 14 uppvisar två dysor/hål 4 och den andra tre dysor/hål 4. Med spjällens 13 hjälp, är det möjligt att välja två, tre eller fem öppna dysor/ hål 4. Naturligtvis kan uppfinningen också tillämpas om dysorna/hålen 4 är helt öppnings- och stängningsbara med hjälp av manövrerbara element, såsom t.ex. en lucka för att efter önskemål, via ett utanför utrymmet 3 manövrerbart reglage, styra elementet manuellt att vara öppet eller stängt eller så kan elementen styras av en elektrisk motor, som manövreras elektriskt med kontakt- reglage.These are arranged in a wall 9, which separates the mixing chamber 6 from a pressure chamber 10, to which the ventilation air 2 is forced in from at least one ventilation pipe 12 from the central fan 5 to the supply air hole 11 in the pressure chamber 10. The ventilation unit 1 is formed as a box 29. The nozzles / holes 4 are arranged along a horizontal line 25 (Fig. 4) in the wall 9 some distance apart and point across the wall 9 towards the mixing chamber 6. The ceiling V23 of the pressure chamber 10 is arranged against the roof 24 of the space 3. 535 935 The heat exchanger 7 is arranged below the mixing chamber 6, in order to suck in the room air 8 there through the heat exchanger 7 from the upper part of the space 3 where the room air 8 is warmest. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure chamber 10 is divided by a partition wall 21 into two smaller pressure chambers 14, each with a pressure sensor 22, each with a supply air hole 11, where the ventilation air 2 is forced in through each ventilation pipe 12, which each have their own damper 13, in order to open or close the flow of the ventilation air 2. The nozzles / holes 4 with closed damper 13 are then not flowed through. The nozzles / holes 4 with open damper 13, on the other hand, flow through. In another variant of the invention, the box 29 is approximately 1000x1000x20O mm. The wall 9 is then straight and has five nozzles / holes 4. The two smaller pressure chambers 14 have a width in the flow direction 17 of the ventilation air 2 of approx. 170 mm. One, smaller pressure chamber 14 has two nozzles / holes 4 and the other three nozzles / holes 4. With the help of the dampers 13, it is possible to select two, three or five open nozzles / holes 4. Of course, the invention can also be applied if the nozzles / the holes 4 can be fully opened and closed by means of manoeuvrable elements, such as e.g. a hatch to, if desired, via a controllable control unit outside the space 3, manually control the element to be open or closed, or the elements can be controlled by an electric motor, which is electrically operated with contact controls.

Såsom framgår av fig. 3 är dysorna/hålen 4 formade som en ihålig kon 16 utan spets, vars längd är ca 20 mm, vars mantelyta uppvisar en tjocklek på ca 0,5-2 mm och som har en rund öppning i varje ände igenom vilka ventilationsluften 2 strömmar i en flödesriktning 17. 535 935 Konen 16 uppvisar en smalare rund öppning 18 på ca 25 mmzs diameter, som är vänd in i blandningskammaren 6 och en bredare rund öppning 19 på ca 30 mmzs diameter, igenom vilken ventilationsluften 2 strömmar in, som är tätt ansluten i ett lika stort hål i väggen 9.As can be seen from Fig. 3, the nozzles / holes 4 are formed as a hollow cone 16 without a tip, the length of which is about 20 mm, the circumferential surface of which has a thickness of about 0.5-2 mm and which has a round opening at each end through which the ventilation air 2 flows in a flow direction 17. 535 935 The cone 16 has a narrower round opening 18 of about 25 mmzs diameter, which is turned into the mixing chamber 6 and a wider round opening 19 of about 30 mmzs diameter, through which the ventilation air 2 flows in. , which is tightly connected in an equally large hole in the wall 9.

Undertryck etableras vid den smalare diametern 18, där ventilationsluften 2 ökar sin flödeshastighet och divergerar in i blandningskammaren 6 med ca 10-30 graders spridning runt om konens 16 centrumlinje 15, som är vinklad ca 90 grader mot väggen 9, som är vinklad 90 grader mot innertaket 23. Luftflödet genom varje kon 16 är ca 4 liter/sek. Konen 16 uppvisar en rundad radie 20 på sin insida, vid sin anslutning mot väggen 9 för att underlätta luftflödet genom konen 16 in i blandningskammaren 6, där den strömmar vidare ut genom minst en öppning 30, som är formad som ett raster, som ger ett litet luftmotstånd och är anordnat i làdans 29 främre gavel 31, pekande in i utrymmet 3 i en riktning parallell med taket 24 för att erhålla ett jämt fördelat tryck mot hela öppningen 30, som tystar ner den blandade luftens 28 utströmning genom öppningen .Negative pressure is established at the narrower diameter 18, where the ventilation air 2 increases its flow rate and diverges into the mixing chamber 6 by about 10-30 degrees spread around the center line 15 of the cone 16, which is angled about 90 degrees to the wall 9, which is angled 90 degrees to the ceiling 23. The air flow through each cone 16 is about 4 liters / sec. The cone 16 has a rounded radius 20 on its inside, at its connection to the wall 9 to facilitate the air flow through the cone 16 into the mixing chamber 6, where it flows further out through at least one opening 30, which is formed as a grid, which gives a low air resistance and is arranged in the front end 31 of the drawer 29, pointing into the space 3 in a direction parallel to the roof 24 to obtain an evenly distributed pressure against the entire opening 30, which silences the outflow of the mixed air 28 through the opening.

Såsom framgår av fig. 4 delar mellanväggen 21 upp tryckkammaren 10 genom att avgränsa varannan dysa/hål 4 till en första mindre tryckkammare 26, som är vänd uppàt mot innertaket 23 och varannan dysa/hål 4 avgränsas neråt mot utrymmet 3 till en andra mindre tryckkammare 27, varvid vid avstängningen av spjället 13, stänger varannan dysa/hål 4, vilken ventilations- luft 2 då fördelas jämt över hela blandningskammaren 6.As shown in Fig. 4, the partition wall 21 divides the pressure chamber 10 by delimiting every second nozzle / hole 4 to a first smaller pressure chamber 26, which faces upwards towards the ceiling 23 and every second nozzle / hole 4 is delimited downwards towards the space 3 to a second smaller pressure chamber 27, whereby when closing the damper 13, every other nozzle / hole 4 closes, which ventilation air 2 is then distributed evenly over the entire mixing chamber 6.

Claims

535 535 Patent claims Device for a ventilation unit (1), which provides a space (3), e.g. a hotel room. with ventilation air (2) from the outside via at least one central fan (5), which pushes the ventilation air (2) through a number of nozzles / holes (4) in the ventilation unit (1) into at least one mixing chamber (6) in the ventilation unit ( 1), which there creates a negative pressure and sucks room air (8) from the space (3) into the mixing chamber (6) through a heat exchanger (7), which room air (8) is mixed with the ventilation air (2) and heated or cooled of a medium in the heat exchanger (7), which mixed air (28) is pushed further from there into the space (3), characterized in that a desired number of nozzles / holes (4) are open to supply ventilation air as needed for ventilation air. (2) from the central fan (5) to the space (3) through at least one of the nozzles / holes (4) under a predetermined pressure while the other nozzles / holes (4) are closed, which pressure is automatically sensible by means of at least a pressure sensor (22) located behind the central fan (5) but in front of the nozzles / holes (4), which adjusts the pressure from n the central fan (5) to the predetermined pressure to be substantially the same regardless of how many nozzles / holes (4) are closed / open, which saves energy to drive the central fan (5), by reducing it in speed, when a fewer number of nozzles / holes (4) are open. 535 935

Device according to claim 1, characterized in that the nozzles / holes (4) are flowable by: substantially the same air flow per second at substantially the same pressure and are arranged in a wall (9) which separates the mixing chamber (6) from at least one pressure chamber (10), to which the ventilation air (2) is compressible from at least one ventilation pipe (12) from the central fan (5) to at least one supply air hole (11) into the pressure chamber (10).

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the ventilation unit (1) consists of a box (29) and that the nozzles / holes (4) are arranged along a substantially horizontal line (25) and a distance from each other. at the same time as they point towards the mixing chamber (6) across the wall (9), which inner roof (23) of the pressure chamber (10) is arranged substantially against the roof (24) of the space and that the heat exchanger (7) is arranged below the mixing chamber (6). ).

4.. Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the nozzles / holes (4) are substantially as large and shaped as a hollow cone (16) without a tip, which has an opening at each end through which the ventilation air (2) flows. in a flow direction (17) across the wall (9), which cone (16) has a narrower round opening (18), which faces the mixing chamber (6) and a wider round opening (19), which is arranged in a hole at least as large in the wall (9) as the wider round opening (19), the negative pressure being established at the narrower diameter (18), which ventilation air (2) diverges into the mixing chamber (6) 535 935 9 around the center line (15) of the cone (16) extending across the wall (9).

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure chamber (10) is divided by at least one partition wall (21) into at least two smaller pressure chambers (14), each having its own pressure sensor (22), which. each has its own supply air hole (11), where the ventilation air (2) is compressible through its respective ventilation pipe (12) from the central fan (5), which ventilation pipe (12) has at least one damper (13) for opening or closing the flow of the ventilation air (2) to at least one of the smaller pressure chambers (14), which nozzles / holes (4) with closed damper (13), when not flowing through, which nozzles / holes (4) with open damper (13) flow through with the ventilation air ( 2) on to the nozzles / hole1 (4) of the smaller pressure chamber (14).

Device according to claim 2, characterized in that at least two nozzles / holes (4) can be fully opened and closed, preferably by means of manoeuvrable elements, e.g. doors, in order, if desired, via a controllable control unit outside the space (3), to control this manually to be open or closed or that the maneuverable elements are controlled by an electric motor, which is operated electrically by contact controls.

Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the cones (16) at their wider diameter have a rounded radius (20) on their inside when connected to the wall (9). 535 935 10

Device according to claim 3 or 5, characterized in that the partition wall (21) divides the pressure chamber (10) by delimiting every other nozzle / hole (4) to a first smaller pressure chamber (26) upwards towards the ceiling (23) and every other nozzle / hole (4) is delimited downwards towards the space (3) to a second smaller pressure chamber (27), whereby when at least one damper (13) is closed, every other nozzle / hole (4) is closed.

Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the mixed air (28) in the mixing chamber (6) flows out through at least one opening (30), preferably a grid, in the front end (31) of the box (29), pointing into space (3).

10.. Device according to claim 3 or 5, core net: characterized in that the ventilation unit (1) has a size of the box (29), which allows the wall (9) to be substantially straight and have five nozzles / holes (4) and that one of the two smaller pressure chambers (14) has two and the other three nozzles / holes (4), wherein with at least one damper (13) it is possible to select two, three or five open nozzles / holes (4). ).