SE190035C1 - - Google Patents

Description

CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH C 1 0 f1 0 c: 6 PATENT AND REGISTERS OF THE SWEDISH Ans. 7659/1958 was received on 19/8 1958 issued on 11/11 1963 C GLINKA, KREFELD-UERDINGEN, FEDERAL REPUBLIC OF GERMANY Procedure for the treatment of solid fuels containing water and substances which by heating can be converted into bitumen, in which treatment the water and preferably life The invention relates to a process in which water-rich solid industries, namely solid industries, contain water and substances which, by heating, can be converted into bitumen, for example oil shale, tory, heated under pressure in oil. for separation of the water and preferably ¥ bitumen.

An object of the invention is to separate the water vapor developed from the hilled oil pipe during the implementation of the process, so that the water vapor becomes oil-free, especially free from oil vapor.

A further object of the invention. is to easily produce oil from the solid industries, which is belt-free from water. In the process, the heat present in the vapors generated in the process, especially in the oil-free water vapor generated, is further converted into a process. energy converters to mechanical energy, for example in a normal steam power plant.

According to the invention, the solid fuel is treated so as to participate after varitating by Riper two different temperature steps, namely a first step at a pressure of over 12 at, for example 30 at, and a temperature which is above the boiling point of the water this pressure, and in a second step at about the same pressure and a temperature above about 400 °, at which the particles from which bitumen is formed are released, and the oils formed from bitumen are evaporated, using for this treatment an oil which joke begins to evaporate at the temperature and pressure which anyandas in the first step.

In the temperature range of the al-Wm step, exothermic reactions occurring between the solid substances present oxygen, carbon and hydrogen, through which, as has been found in experiments, the temperature of the treatment oil can rise very rapidly. Den- Dupl. at 12 r: 3/01; 26 a: 4 na internal heating of the oil Or of great advantage from a thermal economy point of view. However, since it is associated with the formation of oil spills, it is not used in the process according to the invention during the process step in which the water is expelled from the solid substances.

In order to be able to take advantage of the internal heating of the treatment oil during the process, but still during the process step, in which the water in the solid matter is evaporated, it is certainly possible to maintain the temperature within the boundaries within which no oil vapor is formed. of the treatment oil, the treatment of solid solids is carried out according to the invention in the tvd. the temperature step. In the first step, the soaked moisture in the solid substances is evaporated under a pressure of, for example, at a temperature of about 250-50 ° C, at which no oil vapor can be evaporated by the treatment oil. The water vapor released from the solid substances releases from the treatment oil and is diverted from the application at the pressure used in this. In the second step, the solid substance is then dissolved in the oil to a temperature of about 400 ° C, at which the oil-containing substance in the solid substances dissolves. This frail solidifies into a liquid phase, which then releases the light and medium oils in the form of the treatment oil. The heavy fraction of the oil, the boiling temperature of which corresponds to that of the treatment oil, remains in liquid form in the solid, and evaporates only after the skills Iran treatment oil at the pressure drop rid the solids are transferred from it under the operating pressure of 30 to the treatment room to a lower pressure. pressure collection room.

In the second temperature step, there may be-- after the exothermic reactions. 2— - between oxygen-collvates in the solid subjects fortga. unhindered. The heat absorbed by the oil can be utilized, thereby., That the oil. returned to the first stage.

During tests, it has been found that fuel with a high moisture content sinks in the heated oil for a short time, then rises again to the surface and swims on it. This is because an intense water evaporation occurs in the pores of the bristle particles due to the rapid heating, which gives rise to the formation of small blisters. These blisters stick during formation at the surface of the industry and only the industry particles. When the evaporation of the water then ceases, the blistering returns and the industry sinks again in the treatment oil.

This process is used in the process according to the present invention in that probe-separated fuel is introduced into an oil stream which runs in the horizontal plane, the oil in this part of a plant for carrying out the process circulating in a cycle. The smallest fuel particles then sink into the oil drum already after a short wave in a treatment line, the stiffer particles after a longer wave and the largest only after having run through the cycle several times. The particles come salunda & anima vag, but at a food different size of the particles adapted treatment time, to the next treatmentStracka in the facility. P. this set adjusted the treatment time to the particle size. In this next treatment line, oil flows from the bottom up with one. velocity, which is stone On the sinking velocity of the largest fuel particles, so that these will certainly be transported, with by the oil drum. The fuel particles are thus floating upwards in the oil stream, whereby the suffering under which they are in the stream Oven huir will depend on the size of the particles.

If ratory is to be treated according to the procedure, it must be borne in mind that it comes in with a water content of about 90% by weight of the water weight. For this reason, it is usually necessary to remove most of the water before treatment. Delia can be put on edge by heating the peat Under pressure to one. temperature of about 180 ° C. At this temperature most of the colloidal dog water is released and can be separated from the peat by mechanical means. This pre-dewatering process is advantageously combined with the process, according to the present procedure. The rotary peat is then conveyed in a liquid state by means of a pump from a peat beat to the plant in which the process according to the invention is carried out and is then led into a treatment section which. in the stable for oil contains circulating hot water, which is below the operating pressure of the plant. At a pressure of, for example, the water-peat mixture can be raised to 180 DEG C. without significant angulation, since. the boiling point of the water at this pressure is 232 ° C. The Ong and gas quantities formed during the heating can be used in the process. The peat is separated under excess pressure in the plant from excess water and is conducted with the heat absorbed during the treatment process directly into the process according to the present procedure. The excess water, which is still under the operating pressure of the plant, is then used after the heat supplied to that plant supplying the water-peat mixture. Mr sanding division of the peat peat or father rinsing of the peat At the peat rate.

The invention is further illustrated by the following description in connection with the accompanying drawings, in which Fig. 1 shows a plant for carrying out the process in two temperature steps, whereby the water is removed in the first temperature step and the substance which sludge on heating can be converted into oil or oily bitumen in the second, and Fig. 2 an installation for treatment of the rotor vein.

The plant, according to Fig. 1, comprises a riser. 1 riled sh large diameter, that larger quantities of piece-shaped fuel can be transported up into the desamrna by means of ascending oil. Darvid has an oil that is slightly above the sinking speed of the industry. Or the industry's sinking speed Or 10 cm / s, the oil can suitably have a rise speed of about 12 cm / s. The riser has, for example, a diameter of 30 cm and a height of 600 cm. at an input of about 2000 kg of fuel per hour. In an industrial plant of the type in question, you map straight with an input of about t / h. The riser stands at its lower end in connection with a line 2, through which oil, which is carried by a pump 3, flows in. The upper spirit of the riser 1 Or is connected to a container 4, which at the top Or is connected to a water inlet outlet 5 and at the bottom with a pipe 6, which goes down to a hydrocyclane 7 and which in the example in question has a diameter of, for example, 10 cm. A water drop 8 flan hydrocyclone Or connected Over a line 9 and a. to this connected line 10 to the pump 3. The oil thus tightens in a cycle in this part of the plant, driven by the pump. 3 through the riser 1 and the wires 6, 9 and 10.

A part of the circulation oil passes & Over a line 11 and a heater 12 to a pump 13. This pushes the oil, genora one. line 14 to a second riser 15, which. at the top ends with a container 16 with oil outlet 17. The oil line 18 flows into a skin, drocyclone 19 and from there a line 20 returns to the pump 3. Pass the entrance to the pump. 3 unites the oil, as by genome. the exothermic reactions between oxygen, carbon and vale in this part of the air plant are heated to Over 400 ° C, with the oil flowing through the line 10 at about 250 ° C, the effluent oil and the pump 3 then pressing the oil with an average temperature of about 3000 G into the riser 1.

A small part of the oil coming from the pump 3 and heated in a warmer 21 to about 300 ° C is fed through a line 22 to an annular line 23, which is connected to tubes 24 and 25 in connection with the riser 1.

The operation of the plant takes place according to the following: The plant's rudder system, filled by a root. 26 with seaweed oil with boiling point range between onikring 300 and on-Airing 400 ° C and the air pumps 3 and 13 are operated, under a pressure air about 30 at the above specified way through the pipe system.

- The fuel, which has been probed to a particle size of about 6 mm, inform: continuously over a lock 27 to the line 22 and carried from there with the oil flowing through the line to the ring line 23. As soon as the fuel in the ring line, comes into contact with the hot oil, the moisture of the industry quickly surpasses for the most part in water vapor. The upper part of the ring line 23 is then filled with water vapor of such a high pressure that it can discharge through the lines 25 into the riser 1 and from there up to the container 4. As long as sufficient amounts of water species develop from the industry will float on the oil in the ring line 23. Oil in the ring line circulates therein in a motion which is released into the inflowing oil due to the line 22 being connected to the tangential direction of the ring line. After most of the water has been expelled from the branch, it will sink into the oil in the ring line 23 through the lines 24 to the lower spirit of the riser 1. Different large pieces of the branch sink at different speeds as they run through the ring line and reach the bottom air in different places and is therefore passed to the lower spirit of the riser 1 through various conduits 24. Stone pieces of the ridge will thereby be treated for a longer time. At the lower end of the air riser, the fuel is gripped by the oil stream entering through line 2 and is carried upwards free-floating in the oil. In doing so, any existing residues of moisture in the water vapor may be transferred to Linn. The water vapor collects in the tank 4 and is led under part of the system, the pressure radiating out through the valve 5. The oil pumped through the riser 1 is heated to a temperature which is high, so that the water standing under the system pressure evaporates, but the industry-let fdrefintliga bitumenbildan.deamnena harm joke become liquid. This temperature can be for example 250-30 G and the pressure for example 20-30 at. The. under these operating conditions from the moist industry, the water vapor generated was free from oil.

The Mrs dal-- after liberated from water with the oil from the tank 4 through the line 6 to the hydrocyclone 7 and separates there frail the oil and Ores through the outlet 28 for the solid particles to the line 14. The fuel is taken in the heater 12 to about 400 ° C heated and pumped a 13 conveyed oil stream and rapids, raised through the riser 15. On the way through the riser, the fuel is heated to about 400 ° C ° and then the hitumen-forming substances in the industry become liquid. From the liquid bitumen, the existing low-boiling constituents evaporate, while the more black-cooked ones remain liquid. The lathe oil vapors are collected together with the gases emitted from the fuel during heating in the heater 16 and diverted through the valve 17. The fuel is led with the oil through the line 18 to the hydrocyclone 19, where it is separated from the oil and continued over the lock 29 to a pressure collection chamber 30. , liquid, heavy oil. is transformed in this room into anga, diverted through an opening 31 and further processed on the edge set.

The plant according to Fig. 2 differs from the plant according to Fig. 1 by a further part with a riser 35, in which colloidally bound water in the treated ratory, i.e. about 90% of water, calculated on the weight of the water, by heating in hot water, is released and deposited to a content of about 60% of residual water.

This further part of the plant consists of the riser 35, which terminates at the top of a container 30 with an attachment flap 37. Through a conduit 38 the lower part of the air container 35 is connected to a centrifuge 39. A solids drain 40 of the centrifuge leads into the lock 27, Over which the further part of the air system is connected to the system shown in Fig. 1. A water outlet 11 from the centrifuge leads to a pump 42, which pushes some of the water in the centrifuge from the peat through a line 43 and a heater 4.4 to the riser 35 and the rest to the other hot water through a line 45. to a heat exchanger 46, in which the water is supplied to the supplied rotor.

This plant operates in operation in the following way: The rotor is fed from the peat rate into a pump (not shown) under the pressure of the plant, for example about 30 atm, through a line 47 and the heat exchanger 46 to the riser 35. There it is gripped by the line 48 to the riser. incoming and in the heater 44 heated to about 250 ° C the water stream and forced up through. stigROret. On the way through the riser, the peat is heated to about 180 ° C, whereby clots in the peat colloidally bound water are released. The water-peat mixture is then passed through the line 38 to the centrifuge 39, in which the water is separated from the peat. With a water content of about 60%, the peat is then passed over the lock 27 to the line 22 and further to the ring line 23 and then passes through the following part of the plant on. samina salt sam described in connection with Fig. 1.

Claims (9)

Patent claim: A process for treating solid fuels containing water and substances which can be converted to bitumen by heating, in which treatment the water and sometimes also bitumen constituents are discharged by heating under oil under pressure, in which case the solid fuel is subsequently treated in bitumen. two different temperature steps, namely in a first step at a pressure of over 12 at, for example 30 at, and one. temperature, soin lies Above the boiling point, the water at this pressure liar, but below the temperature at -which oil an. at this pressure a second step is evaporated at. about the same pressure and at a temperature above it (for example 400 ° C), yid in which the said anines are converted to bitumen ° ch Ni Liquid saint oils Midas of bitumen and evaporated. 2. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the hot oil obtained in the second stage is transferred to the first stage after separation of the treated fuel. 3. A method according to patent claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the treated industry likes to enter the treatment oil in finely divided state. A method according to the patent claim. 1, may be characterized by the fact that such a piece size has the solid fuel and such quantity and flow rate for the oil is chosen, that the industry is kept floating in the oil throughout the treatment. 5. A method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the treatment oil is caused to flow in a cycle and that the transport of the industry through the plant used in the process takes place with the aid of the oil circulating in the cycle. 6. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the treatment oil with the industry at the beginning of the process also has the long industry flowing through the oil through it. a horizontal treatment line and that the fuel, after it has sunk into oil, is further carried in a vertically ascending oil stream. 7. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that fuel particles of such kind are supplied, that they sink in oil in different places of the horizontal treatment path and that they from these different places are absorbed in different oil streams. 8. A method according to any one of claims 6, 7 and 7, in which the oil in the horizontally extending treatment path is carried in a cycle. 9. A process for treating tory according to any one of the foregoing patent claims, characterized in that the peat for the treatment according to any of said patent claims is first heated under pressure in water to such a temperature that the colloidal dog water is separated and the peat is subsequently maintained while maintaining the pressure. and the temperature is infiked in the oil bath. AnfOrda Publications: Patentskrifter Treat. Sweden 108 069; Great Britain 261 594; Germany 541 755.