SE188452C1

SE188452C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE188452C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1963-01-01

Description

KLASS INTERNATIONELLSVENSK F 25 j17g:4 PATENT- OCH REGISTRERINGSVERKET Ans. 10 15111959 den 30/10 1959Hlirtill en ritning ESSO RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING Co., ELIZABETH, N.J., USA Anordning for lagring och transport av kondenserade gaser Uppfirmare: F A Howard Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en anordning far lagring och transport av kondenserade gaser, sasom naturgas och etylen, samt andra amnen med mycket lag kokpunkt, vilken anordning bestar av ett yttre karl och ett dari insatt, i huvudsak gastatt inre karl, vilket innehaller kondenserad gas och är for-sett med inlopp och utlopp for denna samt med en tjock invandig infodring av ett fast varmeisolermaterial, varvid mellanrummet mellan det inre karlets yttervagg och det yttre kdrlets innervagg är fyllt med en vatska, i vilken det inre karlet fir atminstone partiellt nedsankt. CLASS INTERNATIONAL SWEDISH F 25 j17g: 4 PATENT AND REGISTRATION AGENCY Ans. 10 15111959 30/10 1959Here to a drawing ESSO RESEARCH AND ENGINEERING Co., ELIZABETH, NJ, USA Device for storage and transport of liquefied gases Inventor: FA Howard The present invention relates to a device for storage and transport of liquefied gases, such as natural gas and ethylene, as well as other very low boiling point substances, which device consists of an outer vessel and a dari insert, mainly gaseous inner vessel, which contains condensed gas and is provided with inlet and outlet for this and with a thick inner lining of a solid thermal insulating material, the space between the outer wall of the inner vessel and the inner wall of the outer vessel being filled with a liquid in which the inner vessel is at least partially submerged.

Det har tidigare foreslagits, att man skulle kondensera lagkokande produkter av den ovan angivna allmanna typen och transportera dem i flytande tillstand. Sadana amnen som metan, naturgas, som huvudsakligen bestar av metan, etan och etylen ha enormt Mgt angtryck vid normal atmosfarstemperatur. Vissa air dessa gaser kunna i sjalva verket icke kondenseras vid nagot tryck vid normal temperatur. Det är uppenbart, att det icke är majligt ekonomiskt aft transportera sadana lagkokande amnen i tryckkarl, sarskilt om stora mangder skola transporteras och amnenas ekonomiska varde är relativt Mgt. It has previously been suggested that condensate products of the above general type be condensed and transported in a liquid state. Such substances as methane, natural gas, which mainly consists of methane, ethane and ethylene have enormous Mgt pressure at normal atmospheric temperature. In fact, some of these gases cannot be condensed at any pressure at normal temperature. It is obvious that it is not economically feasible to transport such legally boiling substances in pressure vessels, especially if large quantities are to be transported and the economic value of the substances is relatively high.

Det har liven tidigare foreslagits, att man skulle kondensera normalt gasformiga amnen av den angivna typen och transportera dem i karl, som endast Wallas vid atmoslarstryck. Awn med den basta varmeisolering kommer uppenbarligen en del av produkterna att forangas under transporten. Den fria forangningen av dessa amnen innebar avsevarda risker, ehuru angorna uppenbarligen kunna anvandas for kylning, som motorbransle eller komprimeras och kondenseras pa nytt samt aterfOras till lagringsbehallarna. Aven om gaserna behandlas pa detta salt, foreligga fortfarande avsevarda risker vid transporten av kondenserad gas vid tidigare kand utrustning och enligt tidigare kanda metoder. It has previously been suggested that normally gaseous substances of the specified type should be condensed and transported in vessels, such as Wallas only at atmospheric pressure. Awn with the best thermal insulation, some of the products will obviously evaporate during transport. The free evaporation of these substances entailed considerable risks, although the vapors could obviously be used for cooling, as motor fuel or compressed and condensed again and returned to the storage tanks. Even if the gases are treated on this salt, there are still considerable risks in the transport of condensed gas with prior art equipment and according to prior art methods.

Enligt flireliggande uppfinning undanrOjas svarigheterna darigenom, att vatskan mellan karlen utgores av ett normalt vatskeformigt kolvate med formaga att absorbera angor, som eventuellt lacka ut fran det inre karlet genom infodringen, samt att det yttre karlet an for-sett med ett utlopp for utslappning av eventuellt fingoverskott utiiver den mangd anga, som vatskan i mellanrummet formai. absorbera. Naturgas kan salunda kondenseras och lagras i en valisolerad tank, som i sin tur är nedsankt i en tank eller ett karl innehallande ett material, sasom raolja eller bensin, vilket absorberar stora mangder av gasen. Under ,dessa forhallanden bringas den kondenserade gasen eller fingor av densamma, som kicker ut tillfalligtvis, att passera genom den vatska, som omger den isolerade behallaren. Naturgas och andra lagre kolvaten kunna absorberas i avsevard grad i en stor volym av tyngre kolvaten. Den omgivande vatskan utgores lampligen av en vatska, som icke skall fylla nagon norm betraffande flampunkten, emedan den eljest, om den tar upp gas, kan behova renas pa nytt. According to the present invention, the responsibilities are eliminated in that the liquid between the vessels consists of a normal liquid-shaped carbonate capable of absorbing fumes, which may leach out of the inner vessel through the lining, and that the outer vessel is provided with an outlet for relaxing any excess finger utiiver the mangd anga, which the liquid in the space formai. absorb. Natural gas can thus be condensed and stored in a well-insulated tank, which in turn is immersed in a tank or a vessel containing a material, such as crude oil or petrol, which absorbs large amounts of the gas. During these conditions, the condensed gas or fingers of the same, which accidentally kicks out, are passed through the liquid surrounding the insulated container. Natural gas and other lower hydrocarbons can be absorbed to a considerable extent in a large volume of heavier hydrocarbons. The surrounding liquid is suitably constituted by a liquid which is not to meet any standard concerning the flash point, since otherwise, if it picks up gas, it may need to be purified again.

Uppfinningen kommer i det foljande att beskrivas narmare med hanvisning till bifogade ritning, vilken som exempel visar nagra utforingsformer. Fig. 1 ar ett typiskt langdsnitt genom ett fartyg eller en tankbat avsedd for transport av kondenserat, normalt gasformigt material, sasom kondenserad naturgas, varvid vissa delar aro bortbrutna. Fig. 2 visar ett tvarsnitt genom fartyget enligt fig. 1 i huvudsak efter linjen 2-2 i fig. 1. Fig. 3 fir ett tvarsnitt i storre skala genom en behallare for kondenserad gas nedsankt i en vatskefylld tank av vanlig typ. Delta snitt tir i huvudsak lagt efter linjen 3-3 i fig. 2. The invention will be described in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawing, which shows by way of example some embodiments. Fig. 1 is a typical longitudinal section through a vessel or a tanker intended for transporting condensed, normally gaseous material, such as condensed natural gas, some parts being broken off. Fig. 2 shows a cross-section through the vessel according to Fig. 1 substantially along the line 2-2 in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 shows a cross-section on a larger scale through a container for condensed gas immersed in a liquid-filled tank of ordinary type. Delta section is generally taken along line 3-3 of Fig. 2.

I fig. 1 visas vid 1 ett tankfartyg. Det liar ett forskepp 2 innehallande tankar 3-5, och ett mittskepp 6 inriehallande ytterligare tankar 7-9. Akterskeppet 10 innehaller motorn, ut- Dupl. kl. 65 a2: 2-- rymmen for besattningen och annat. Skrovet är utfort s, att det är i 'Inivudsak vatsketatt samt har ett dack 11, som ocksa Or mer eller _ mindre vatsketatt. Lampliga ventilationshal och tilltradesoppningar till fartygets inre kunna anordnas, sasom Or uppenbart for fackmannen. Lampliga konstruktionselement 13 och 15 Oro anordnade fOr att understodja tankarna 7-9 fran fartygets skrov. In Fig. 1, a tanker is shown at 1. There is a foreship 2 containing tanks 3-5, and a midship 6 containing additional tanks 7-9. The stern 10 contains the engine, out- Dupl. at 65 a2: 2-- spaces for the crew and other. The hull is designed so that it is mainly water-tight and has a deck 11, which is also more or less water-soaked. Appropriate ventilation halls and access openings to the ship's interior may be provided, as is obvious to those skilled in the art. Lampable structural elements 13 and 15 are arranged to support the tanks 7-9 from the ship's hull.

Vid bottnen och sidorna till en eller flera av tankarna 8 och 9-finnas sadlar eller stodorgan 17, 19 och 21, se fig. 3. Dessa Oro anordnade att understodja ett inre kart 23. Detta Or infodrat med ett effektivt, varmeisolerande material, sasom kork eller balsa, anbragt i ett skikt som kan ha en tjocklek av c:a 67-10 din eller mera. Denna isolering visas vid 25 och Or forbunden riled karlet 23 medelst en limfog 27. Karlet 23 är gastatt och bestar lampligen av stal eller ná-got annat lampligt material. Isoleringen 25 kan vara impregnerad, sa att den blir ogenomtranglig Mr den inneslutna gasen eller vatskan samt Or lampligen overdragen pa insidan med ett skikt 29 av vatske- och gastatt material. Ocksa limfogen 27 är lampligen gas- och vatsketat. At the bottom and sides of one or more of the tanks 8 and 9 there are saddles or support members 17, 19 and 21, see Fig. 3. These concerns are arranged to support an inner map 23. This Or is lined with an effective, heat-insulating material, such as cork or balsa, applied in a layer that can have a thickness of about 67-10 din or more. This insulation is shown at 25 and Or connected riled the bead 23 by means of an adhesive joint 27. The bead 23 is gassed and consists suitably of steel or some other suitable material. The insulation 25 can be impregnated so that it becomes impermeable to the enclosed gas or liquid and is suitably coated on the inside with a layer 29 of liquid and gas-tight material. The glue joint 27 is also suitably gas- and water-stained.

Ett inlopp for inforande av kondenserad gas i tanken 23 visas vid 31, varjamte ett utlopp 33 Or anordnat for gaser, som forangas och samlas vid 35 i den ovre delen av tanken. An inlet for introducing condensed gas into the tank 23 is shown at 31, and an outlet 33 Or is provided for gases which evaporate and collect at 35 in the upper part of the tank.

En ledning 37 Or anordnad for inforande av olja i den yttre tanken 8 samt avtappning av oljan. Ehuru inre tankar endast visas i tya av tankarna 8 och 9 i tankfartyget, se fig. 1, det uppenbart, att fartygets alla lasttankar kunna vara forsedda med sadana, om sa onskas. A line 37 Or arranged for introducing oil into the outer tank 8 as well as draining the oil. Although internal tanks are only shown in one of the tanks 8 and 9 in the tanker, see Fig. 1, it is obvious that all the cargo tanks of the ship can be provided with such, if desired.

Vid anvandning fylles den inre tanken 23 med den kondenserade gasen, som skall transporteras. Eftersom tanken Or val varmeisolerad, halles forangningen i densamma ph lag niva. Det yttre karlet 11 Or fyllt med ett tyngre material, sasom raolja eller bensin enligt ovan eller nagon annan produkt, som kokar langt over rumstemperatur. In use, the inner tank 23 is filled with the liquefied gas to be transported. Since the tank Or val is heat insulated, the evaporation is kept at the same pH level. The outer vessel 11 Or filled with a heavier material, such as crude oil or gasoline as above or any other product, which boils well above room temperature.

Normalt lacka lake nagra gaser frau den inre tanken till den yttre behallaren. De nor-malt forangade gaserna avledas genom utloppet 33. Fran detta kunna de ledas till motorrummet, for att anvandas som bransle for motorerna eller .ocksa kunna de forst anvandas Tor kylning och sedan forbrannas som bransle. De kunna alternativt komprimeras och kondenseras samt aterforas till karlet genom ledningen 31. Den inre tanken har normalt sina egna, oberoende inlopp och utlopp, vilka Oro dragna genom oversidan eller taket till den yttre tank, i vilken den inre Or anordnad. Normally lacquer lake some gases from the inner tank to the outer container. The normally evaporated gases are diverted through the outlet 33. From this they can be led to the engine compartment, to be used as fuel for the engines or, moreover, they can first be used for cooling and then incinerated as fuel. They can alternatively be compressed and condensed and returned to the vessel through the line 31. The inner tank normally has its own, independent inlets and outlets, which are drawn through the upper side or the roof of the outer tank, in which the inner Or is arranged.

Den inre tankens form kan variera och tan-ken behover icke konstrueras for att utb.arda avsevart tryck. Sasom visas i fig. 3 kan en horisontell, cylindrisk tank for kondenserad thetan eller liknande vila pa slata sadlar, som vid sin batten Oro anpassade efter bottnen i den vanliga lasttanken. I samtliga fall dr del !lampligt att. hdlla den inre. tanken pa nagot stycke ovanfOr den yttre tankens botten. Harigenom blir det mojligt att undersoka och renOra alla de mot varandra staende ytorna i bade den inre och den yttre tanken For att gas skall kunna avga frail den yttre tanken, exempelvis tanken 8 i fig. 3, om en storre mangd gas, som oljan icke kan absorbera fullstandigt, skulle lacka ut frau den inre tanken, finnes en ventilationsledning 39. Denna är ansluten till en ledning 41, som lampligen stracker sig till fartygets akter, dar den avgaende gasen riktas bort Iran fartyget, sasom visas vid 43. Man kan anordna en brannare har vid behov for forbranning av avgaende gas, sarskilt om fartyget icke befinner sig i rorelse, sO att den avgaende gasen fordelas tillrackligt snabbt och sakert. The shape of the inner tank may vary and the tank need not be designed to produce considerable pressure. As shown in Fig. 3, a horizontal, cylindrical tank for condensed thetane or the like can rest on smooth saddles, which at their bottom are adapted to the bottom of the ordinary cargo tank. In all cases dr part! Appropriate that. hdlla the inner. the thought of some piece above the bottom of the outer thought. This makes it possible to examine and clean all the opposite surfaces in both the inner and the outer tank. In order for gas to be able to emit from the outer tank, for example the tank 8 in Fig. 3, if a larger amount of gas, which the oil does not can absorb completely, would leak out from the inner tank, there is a ventilation line 39. This is connected to a line 41, which conveniently extends to the stern of the ship, where the exhaust gas is directed away Iran ship, as shown at 43. You can arrange a burner has, if necessary for the combustion of exhaust gas, especially if the ship is not in motion, so that the exhaust gas is distributed sufficiently quickly and safely.

Ehuru den beskrivna utforingsformen är avsedd for lagring och transport vid atmosfartryck, kunna samma principer tilliimpas vid transport av gaser, som hallas kondenserade under tryck. Salunda kunna propan, butan och blandningar darav, som Oven innehalla vissa mangder etan, hallos flytande utan ventilation vid ytan. Sasom har angetts ovan, kunna sadana amnen lagras i den inre tanken. Om denna skulle lacka, upptrada icke nagra olagenheter, emedan de utlackande amnena Oro Iiisliga i den tanken omgivande oljan. Although the described embodiment is intended for storage and transport at atmospheric pressure, the same principles can be applied to the transport of gases which are kept condensed under pressure. Thus propane, butane and mixtures thereof, such as Oven containing certain amounts of ethane, can be poured liquid without ventilation at the surface. As stated above, such substances can be stored in the inner tank. If this were to be lacquered, no irregularities would occur, because the leaching substances are uneasy in the oil surrounding the tank.

Den beskrivna anordningen uppvisar flera fordelar. Eftersom det tillgangliga lastutrymmet ntnyttjas fullstdndigt, bli kapitalkOstnaderna per volymenhet lastfOrmaga for vatska laga. Om gaserna skola hallas vid mycket lag temperatur, for at!, kunna hallas vatskeformiga, minskar den invandiga isoleringen, exempelvis med balsa, varmeovergangen sa mycket, att resultatet blir detsamma eller i huvudsak detsamma, om den hire behallarens utsida star I kontakt med luften eller med en vatskeformig olja eller oljeprodukt. I bagge fallen Ras sakerheten genom nedsankning av den inre behallaren I olja eller bensin. Den yttre oljemassans tryck medverkar till att uppta det inre trycket i den inre tanken. Oljan Or vidare sasom har framhallits tidigare, i stand att absorbera avsevarda mangder utlackande gaser. Ph grund harav elimineras risken for att tomma rum ombord ph fartyget fyllas med explosiva gasblandningar. The described device has several advantages. Since the available cargo space is fully utilized, the capital costs per unit volume will be available for liquid law. If the gases are to be kept at a very low temperature, in order to be able to be kept liquid, the internal insulation, for example with balsa, reduces the heat transfer so much that the result is the same or essentially the same, if the outside of the rental container is in contact with the air or with a liquid oil or oil product. In the case of rams, the safety is eliminated by immersing the inner container in oil or petrol. The pressure of the outer oil mass helps to absorb the internal pressure in the inner tank. The oil Or further as has been pointed out before, capable of absorbing considerable amounts of leaching gases. Due to this, the risk of empty spaces on board the pH vessel being filled with explosive gas mixtures is eliminated.

Del ma framhallas, att tankiartygets totala, volumetriska lastformaga icke paverkas i hog-re grad av anordnandet av inre tankar. Harigenom Wiles den totala kapaciteten hog. En tankbat av denna typ Or i hog grad anpasshar betraffande de uppgifter, for vilka den kan anvandas. I stallet for att transportera enbart kondenserade gaser eller i kombination med oljeprodukter, kan fartyget anvandas for transport av full last av nastan alla slags flytande produkter. DO efterfragan ph kondenserad gas är lag, kan den inre tanken fyllas — —3 med raolja, bensin eller flagon annan oljeprodukt. Fartygets hela kapacitet kan salunda utnyttjas oberoende av de transporterade produkterna. Uppfinningen kan aven tillampas vid jarnvagstankvagnar, lastbilstankvagnar, pramar och liknande liksom pi stora oljetankbatar. It must be emphasized that the overall volumetric load capacity of the tank vessel is not affected to a greater extent by the arrangement of internal tanks. Through Wiles the total capacity hog. A tanker of this type Or to a large extent adapts to the tasks for which it can be used. Instead of transporting only condensed gases or in combination with oil products, the ship can be used for transporting a full load of almost all kinds of liquid products. DO demand ph condensed gas is low, the inner tank can be filled - —3 with crude oil, gasoline or flake other oil product. The vessel's entire capacity can thus be utilized independently of the transported products. The invention can also be applied to railway tankers, truck tankers, barges and the like as well as to large oil tankers.

Claims

Claim: A device for storing and transporting liquefied gases, in particular of the carbonate type, which device consists of an outer vessel and an insert, mainly gas-tight inner vessel, which contains liquefied gas and is provided with an inlet and outlet therefor and with a thick inner lining of a solid thermal insulating material, the space between the outer wall of the inner vessel and the inner wall of the outer vessel being filled with a liquid in which the inner vessel is at least partially lowered, Notwithstanding that the sink consists of a nor ground liquid carbonate with the ability to absorb angler, which may leach out of the inner vessel (23) through the liner (25), and that the outer vessel (88) is provided with an outlet (39) for releasing any excess anguish beyond the amount of anga that the liquid in the space forms to absorb. Request Publications: Patent Laws Iran. Norway 85 364; Great Britain 118 404, 306 866; USA 2,687,618, 2,897,657.