SE184385C1 - - Google Patents
Info
- Publication number
- SE184385C1 SE184385C1 SE184385DA SE184385C1 SE 184385 C1 SE184385 C1 SE 184385C1 SE 184385D A SE184385D A SE 184385DA SE 184385 C1 SE184385 C1 SE 184385C1
- Authority
- SE
- Sweden
- Prior art keywords
- evaporation
- treatment
- housing
- furnace
- treatment material
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 241001139947 Mida Species 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims 1
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000019901 Anxiety disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036506 anxiety Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004806 packaging method and process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B5/00—General methods of reducing to metals
- C22B5/02—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes
- C22B5/16—Dry methods smelting of sulfides or formation of mattes with volatilisation or condensation of the metal being produced
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Description
Uppfinnare: L RueIle och F Mathieu Prioritet begeird !ran den 3 maj 1957 (Frankrike) Foreliggande uppfinning hanfor sig till en ugn for kontinuerlig varmebehandling av massgods, sarskilt for utvinnande av metaller genom forangning i samband med termisk sonderdelning av metallkarbider eller -nitrider, som i finfOrdelad form uppifran tiliforas minst ett i ugnen ingaende forangningselement och transporteras genom detsamina genom sjalvrinning, varvid Wangningselementet innefattar ett holje, som bildar elementets forangningskammare och i sin eentrala del har en i vertikalled till atminstone st8rre delen av kammarens hojd sig strackande upphettningsanordning, best& ende av en axiellt anordnad serie varmeelement, som omges av ett mot den omgivande forangningskammaren tall tillslutet hits, varvid behandlingsgodsets stromningshastighet och effektiva angavgivningsyta regleras till ett for genomforandet av forangningen under godsets passage genom f5rangningskammaren lampligt varde av ett flertal i forangningskammaren befintfiga satser av parallellt Over varandra anordnade skarmnings- och utbredningsorgan, t. ex. plattor (mellanbottnar). Inventors: L RueIle and F Mathieu Priority of May 3, 1957 (France) The present invention relates to a furnace for the continuous heat treatment of bulk goods, in particular for the extraction of metals by evaporation in connection with thermal probing of metal carbides or nitrides, which in finely divided form from above, at least one evaporation element entering the furnace is supplied and transported through it by self-winding, the Wangning element comprising a housing which forms the evaporation chamber of the element and in its central part has a vertical direction to at least the greater part of the height of the chamber. of an axially arranged series of heating elements, which is surrounded by a hit closed to the surrounding evaporation chamber pine, whereby the flow rate of the treatment goods and effective delivery surface are regulated to a value of a plurality suitable for carrying out the evaporation during the passage of the goods through the evaporation chamber. in the evaporation chamber there are sets of shielding and spreading means arranged parallel to each other, e.g. plates (intermediate bottoms).
For att en dylik ugn skall uppfylla de krav, som aro forknippade med industriella tillverkningsprocesser, bor den ha betydande produktionskapacitet per timme. For detta andamal maste den yta av behandlingsgodset, fran vilken forangning kan ske, vara sâ stor som mojligt och upphettas likformigt. Uppfyllandet av dessa krav jamte nodvandigbeten av basta mojliga utbyte till lagsta mtijliga kostnader är forenat med speciella svarigheter, cla. man har att behandla sadana fasta material i massgodsform, som maste kunna rinna mer eller mindre latt genom ugnen, dvs. vars partiklar, korn eller stycken foreligga i myeket sma dimensioner, dâ det galler att undvika, att de sma materialpartiklarna obehandlade folja med gas- eller angstrommen. In order for such an oven to meet the requirements associated with industrial manufacturing processes, it should have significant production capacity per hour. For this purpose, the surface of the treatment material from which evaporation can take place must be as large as possible and heated uniformly. The fulfillment of these requirements together with the necessary requirements of the best possible exchange at the lowest possible costs is associated with special responsibilities, cla. one has to treat such solid materials in bulk, which must be able to flow more or less easily through the oven, ie. whose particles, grains or pieces are present in very small dimensions, when it is necessary to avoid that the small material particles go untreated with the gas or anxiety drum.
Genom anordningen enligt foreliggande uppfinning kunna de ovan angivna svarigheterna vid ugnar av ovan angivet slag overvinnas darigenom, aft namnda satser av skarmnings- och utbredningsorgan, som utgOras av antingen plattor (mellanbottnar) eller i ett flertal horisontella rader over varandra anordnade, utifran och mat rikta'de rorstycken, omge upphettningsanordningen pa sadant satt, att det mellan dessa organs innerkanter och sidovaggarna av upphettningsanordningens hus bildas ett Over dessa vaggars hela hojd fritt, en gas- och angsamlingskanal bildande inre mellanrum, varjamte ugnen uppvisar dels en anordning for tillforsel av behandlingsgodset till Indian sidovaggarna av forangningskammarens hOlje, som kan vara gemensamt for flera forangningselement, och skarmnings- och utbredningsorganens ytterkanter anordnade yttre mellanrum, som stracka sig Over forangningslementens hela hojd, ddls en anordning for bortforing av de fran behandlingsgodset i satserna av skarmningsoch utbredningsorgan frigjorda, i de inre mellanrummen instrommande gaserna och/ eller angorna fran namnda inre mellanrum, dels en anordning for bortforing av behandlingsaterstaden frail forangningselementets nedre del. By means of the device according to the present invention, the above-mentioned similarities in the case of ovens of the above-mentioned type can thereby be overcome, by the aforesaid sets of shielding and spreading means, which consist of either plates (intermediate bottoms) or in a plurality of horizontal rows arranged one above the other. the pipe sections surrounding the heating device in such a way that between the inner edges of these members and the side walls of the housing of the heating device an entire space is formed over these rocks freely, a gas and steam collecting channel forming inner spaces, and the oven has a device for supplying the treatment material to The Indian side cradles of the evaporation chamber housing, which may be common to several evaporation elements, and the outer edges of the shielding and spreading means arranged over the entire height of the evaporation elements, are a device for removing the from the treatment goods in the sets of shielding grooves and the released gases and / or vapors flowing into the inner spaces from said inner spaces, and on the other hand a device for removing the treatment residue from the lower part of the evaporating element.
Enligt en utvecklingform av uppfinningen arc darvid plattornas storlek, inbordes avstand °eh lutning resp. riirstyckenas langd, innerdiameter och lutning sii. avpassade i forhallande till rasvinkeln f Or ifragavarande be- 2— — handlingsgods, att inget behandlingsgods un,der ugnens drift _kan rinna in i kanalen melIan plattsatserna resp. rorsatserna och upphettningsanordningens hus. Del salunda av platt- eller rorsatsern.a kvarha.'llna behandlingsgodset erhaller pa sh salt en effektiv varmeupptagnings- resp. ang- och gasavgivningsyta av sã stora dimensioner som mojligt med hansyn, till onskvardheten air att forhindra, att flagon del av behandlingsgodset kommer in i namnda gas- och angsamlingskanaler, varvid denna effektiva yta air behandlingsgodset automatiskt och kontinuer, ligt fornyas, alltefter som forangningen fortskrider och behandlingsgodset successivt ned genom det yttre mellanrummet. According to a form of development of the invention, the size of the plates, distance, inclination and incl. the length, inner diameter and inclination of the pieces sii. adapted in relation to the race angle f Or in question be- 2— - handling goods, that no treatment goods under which the operation of the furnace _can flow into the channel between the plate sets resp. the rudder sets and the housing of the heating device. Thus, part of the plate or rudder set.a retained.'llna treatment goods obtain on sh salt an effective heat absorption resp. steam and gas discharge surface of as large dimensions as possible with a view to prevent the unwanted part of the treatment material from entering the said gas and steam collection channels, this effective surface air treatment material being automatically and continuously renewed as the evaporation proceeds and the treatment material successively down through the outer space.
De frail behandfingsgodsets fria ytor avgivna angorna bortf5ras salunda utan att behova passera genom flagon del av behandlingsgodset. Man liar darvid i sjalva verket under driften icke kunnat observera flagon som heist tendens till att aloft av behandlingsgodset foljer med utloppsangorna. The vapors released by the free surfaces of the treatment material are thus removed without having to pass through the flake part of the treatment material. In fact, during operation it has not been possible to observe the flag as a tendency for the air of the treatment material to accompany the outlet vapors.
Ugnen kan vara sammansatt av ett flertal dylika forangningselement, anslutna till en gemensara utloppsledning for gaser och angor och gemensamt varmeisoIerade. The furnace may be composed of a plurality of such evaporating elements, connected to a common outlet line for gases and vapors and jointly heat insulated.
En soma exempel vald utforingsform av uppfinningen skall i det foljande narmare beskrivas i anslutning till bifogade ritningar. Pa dessa visar fig. 1 i vertikalsnitt tangs linjen C—D i fig. 3 ett rforangningselement med dess matningsanordning och isolerande hOlje. Fig. 2 visar samma anordning i vertikalsnitt langs linjen A—B i fig. 3. Fig. 3 är ett horisontalsnitt langs linjen E—F i fig. 2. Fig. 4 och 5 visa i vertikal- resp. horisontalsnitt ett aggregat av tva element, anslutna till en gemensam utloppsledning for gaserna och angorna. Fig. 6 visar pa. samma satt som fig. 1 en anordning, dar plattorna aro utbytta mot korta, horisontellt riktade ror, staplade pa varandra. Fig. 7 visar ett delsnitt langs linjen a—a i fig. 6 genom den dari visade rorstapeln. An exemplary embodiment of the invention will be described in more detail below in connection with the accompanying drawings. In these, Fig. 1 shows in vertical section the tangent line C — D in Fig. 3 a evaporating element with its feeding device and insulating cover. Fig. 2 shows the same device in vertical section along the line A — B in Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a horizontal section along the line E — F in Fig. 2. Figs. 4 and 5 show in vertical and horizontal section a unit of two elements, connected to a common outlet line for the gases and vapors. Fig. 6 shows pa. in the same way as Fig. 1, a device in which the plates are replaced by short, horizontally directed tubes, stacked on top of each other. Fig. 7 shows a partial section along the line a-a in Fig. 6 through the rudder stack shown therein.
- I fig. 1 betecknas med 1 ett i huvudsak parallellepipediskt holje av ett material, som an bestandigt mot ifragavarande drifttemperatur och mot angrepp frau behan.dlingsgodset (vid mycket hoga arbetstemperaturer kan det besta exempelvis air grafit). In Fig. 1, 1 denotes a substantially parallelepipedic casing of a material which is resistant to the operating temperature in question and to attack by the handling material (at very high working temperatures it may be, for example, air graphite).
Namnda holje innehaller tva serier med reklangulara plattor 2 och 2', vilkas inbordes avstand och lutningsvinkel aro avpassade med hansyn till behandlingsgodsets 3 rasvinkel. En deflektor 4 leder det tiltforda behandlingsgodset ned i det 8ppna mellanrummet melIan holjets 1 sidovaggar och det persiennliknande galler, som bildas av a. ena sidan plattsatsen 2, a andra sidan plattsatsen 2'. Under deflektorn och parallellt med plattsatserna befinner sig ett tatt tillslutet hus 5, som innehailer varmeelementen 6. Forangningsetementat är i sin tur placerat i ett tatt tillslutet yt- terholje 8, som är forsett med anordningar dels for att mojliggora konditionering ,av behandlingsatmosfaren och everituellt genOmfora operationen vid undertryck, dels for uppbarande av ett eldfast och varmeisolerande ma- terialskikt 9 kring elementholj et 1. Said casing contains two series of recangular plates 2 and 2 ', the inboard distance and angle of inclination of which are adapted with respect to the angle of inclination of the treatment material 3. A deflector 4 leads the tilted treatment material down into the open space between the side walls of the housing 1 and the blind-like grid, which is formed on the one hand by the plate set 2, on the other side by the plate set 2 '. Below the deflector and parallel to the plate sets, there is a tightly closed housing 5, which contains the heating elements 6. The evaporation element is in turn placed in a tightly closed outer casing 8, which is provided with devices partly to enable conditioning, of the treatment atmosphere and arbitrarily. the operation under negative pressure, partly for supporting a refractory and heat-insulating material layer 9 around the element housing 1.
- Behandlingsgodser tillfores ugnens mat- ningsficka 10 genom en siktanordning. Angorna instromma i de rum 11 och 11', som forefinnas mellan upphettningsanordningen och de inre fria kanterna av plattsatserna, vilka innehalla behandlingsgods, varifran angorna overforas till en pa ritningarna icke visad kondenseringsanlaggning genom en ledning 12 (fig. 2 och 3). Den eventuella material- Aterstoden frail behandlingen utmatas genom ett utlopp 13 i forangningselementets botten, antingen kontinuerligt eller intermittent, alltefter aterstodens myckenhet, och medelst pa ritningarna icke visade hjalpmedel. Treatment goods are fed to the oven feed pocket 10 through a screening device. The vapors flow into the spaces 11 and 11 'present between the heating device and the inner free edges of the plate sets, which contain treatment material, from which the vapors are transferred to a condensing plant (not shown in the drawings) through a line 12 (Figs. 2 and 3). The possible material residue from the treatment is discharged through an outlet 13 in the bottom of the evaporation element, either continuously or intermittently, depending on the quantity of the residue, and by means of aids not shown in the drawings.
.Av fig. 2 framgar, att det hus 5, som innehailer varmeelementen 6, forhindrar kondensering av angor fran behandlingsgodset pa de kylda stromtilledningarna 7. Fig. 2 shows that the housing 5, which contains the heating elements 6, prevents condensation of stains from the treatment material on the cooled power lines 7.
Air fig. 3 framgar, att de gaser och angor, som instromma i de fria rummen 11 och 11' mellan plattorna 2 och 2' och husets 5 va.gg, instromma i ledningen 12 genom utloppsoppningar 14. Air Fig. 3 shows that the gases and vapors which flow into the free spaces 11 and 11 'between the plates 2 and 2' and the wall 5 of the housing 5 flow into the line 12 through outlet openings 14.
I fig. 5 visas, att det är niojligt att ansluta ett flertal forangningselement bredvid var- andra till en och samma samlingsledning varvid antalet salunda anslutna element givetvis kan vara stone an tva, som visas i fi- guren. Man skulle aven kunna ansluta ytterligare ett antal forangningselement mittfor de forstnamnda och pa sa salt erhalla en ugn med betydligt st8rre produktionskapacitet. Fig. 5 shows that it is possible to connect a plurality of evaporation elements next to each other to one and the same manifold, whereby the number of elements thus connected can of course be two or two, as shown in the figure. It would also be possible to connect a further number of evaporation elements in front of the former and in this way obtain a furnace with a significantly larger production capacity.
De med 6 betecknade varrneelementen utgoras av elektriska motstandselement. Upp- finningen an joke begransad till astadkommande air upphettningen pa. detta satt, men elektrisk motstandsuppvarmning är utan tvivel den vanligaste upphettningsmetoden. The warning elements denoted by 6 consist of electrical resistance elements. The invention of the joke limited to accomplishing air heating pa. this is true, but electric resistance heating is without a doubt the most common method of heating.
Det for farangningselementet foreslagna konstruktions- och anordningssattet gOr det mojligt att i den oversta zonen erhalla en tem- peratur, som skiljer sig frail temperaturerna den mellersta och den understa zonen; for detta andamal behover man endast gruppera oeh anordna varmeelementen pa lampligt salt. Man kan salunda behandla saval heterogena fasta material, vilkas komponenter dar- vid successivt underkastas olika temperaturer, som aven ett homogent fast material, genom tillampning av ett forfarande med be-handling i successiva steg med olika temperaturer. The design and arrangement set proposed for the packaging element makes it possible to obtain in the upper zone a temperature which differs from the temperatures of the middle and the lower zone; for this purpose you only need to group and arrange the heating elements on suitable salt. It is thus possible to treat as many heterogeneous solids, the components of which are thereby successively subjected to different temperatures, as well as a homogeneous solid, by applying a process with treatment in successive steps with different temperatures.
Placeringen av behandlingsgodset utomkring det varmeavgivande hus, som innehal- ler varmeelementen gOr det m8jligt att tillvarata i det narmaste hela den utstralade varmemangden. Man uppnar pa detta satt ett mycket Mgt energiutbyte. — —3 The location of the treatment material outside the heat-emitting housing, which contains the heating elements, makes it possible to utilize almost the entire radiated amount of heat. This results in a very high energy exchange. - —3
Claims (3)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE184385T |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| SE184385C1 true SE184385C1 (en) | 1963-01-01 |
Family
ID=38410005
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| SE184385D SE184385C1 (en) |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| SE (1) | SE184385C1 (en) |
-
0
- SE SE184385D patent/SE184385C1/sv unknown
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