SE129645C1

SE129645C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE129645C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1950-01-01

Description

Uppfinnare: F. Totzek. Inventor: F. Totzek.

Prioritet begard frdn des 15 juli 1943 (Tyska riket). Priority requested from 15 July 1943 (German Empire).

Uppfinningen hanfor sig till kontinuerligt drivna, vertikala kammarugnar for framstallDing av gas och koks med regenerativ for- varmningforbranningsluften och eventu- ellt aven av vfirmegasen. The invention relates to continuously operated, vertical chamber furnaces for the production of gas and coke with the regenerative preheating combustion air and possibly also of the greenhouse gas.

Det fir vanligt att forse kontinuerligt drivna kammarugnar for f8rkoksning och gasframstallning med, oftast vid sidan av ugnskammaren anbragta regeneratorkammare, vilka parvis sta i f8rbindelse med mellan kammarugnarna anordnade, vertikala varmekanaler pa sa satt, att den ena regeneratorn ar ansluten till varmekanalernas ovre Uncle och den andra regeneratorn till varmekanalernas nedre ande. Vid sadana ugnar sker uppvarmningen vaxelvis nedifran och -upph't och omvant. Uppvarmningsriktningen omkastas ph kant satt, sa. snart den for f8rvarmning av -varmemediet tjanande regeneratorn ej langre formai- avgiva tillrackligt med varme. It is common to provide continuously operated chamber furnaces for coking and gas production with regenerator chambers, usually arranged next to the furnace chamber, which are connected in pairs with vertical heating ducts arranged between the chamber furnaces in such a way that one regenerator is connected to the upper the second regenerator to the lower spirit of the heating ducts. In such ovens, the heating takes place alternately from below and uphtt and vice versa. The heating direction is reversed ph edge set, said. as soon as the regenerator serving for preheating the heating medium no longer forms enough heat.

Regenerativprincipen mtijliggtir ernaendet av hog verkningsgrad, endast nar den sammanlagda varmeavgivningen och varmeabsorptionen hos de hada regeneratorernas insatser aro lika eller .sa gott som lika. Genom att utforrna och anbringa ugnarna, varmeoch gaskanalerna samt regeneratorerna symmetriskt forsoker man att hell och hallet eller i storsta mojliga utstrackning erna varmejamvikt i regeneratorerna. The regenerative principle allows for the achievement of high efficiency, only when the total heat dissipation and heat absorption of the had regenerators' efforts are equal or almost equal. By designing and arranging the furnaces, heat and gas ducts and the regenerators symmetrically, an attempt is made to balance the heat and the hall or to the greatest possible extent the heat balances in the regenerators.

Vid kontinuerligt drivna vertikala forkoksningsugnar fir ugnskamrarnas varmebehov storst upptill, dfir kamrarna beskickas, och minst nedtill, dar kolet, som nu ãr uppvarmt till en jainforelsevis hog temperatur, redan vid en mattlig, ytterligare uppvarmning avgiver de flyktiga bestandsdelarna. Varmetillforseln maste salunda avpas3as i enlighet harmed, vilket har till foljd, att regeneratorerna antingen tillforas mindre varme av forbranningsprodukterna, an forbranningsmedierna fordra for uppvarmning till den erforderliga forvarmningstemperaturen, eller ocksa rnera varme, i vilket fall forbranningsmediernas temperatur tikar i icke onskad grad. Genom ett shdant uppvarmningssatt arbeta regeneratorerna icke med onskad varmejamvikt, och anlaggningens eldningstekniska verkningsgrad blir Andamhlet med uppfinningen är att Ora uppvarmningen av en vertikal, kontinuerligt driven kammarugn for framstallning av gas och koks med vertikala varmekanaler och regenerativ forvarmning av luft och eventuell branngas lampad aven for olika varmetillf8rsel i de bada- uppvtirmningsriktningarna. Uppfinningen avser dels ett fiirlarande, som i huvudsak kannetecknas &ray, att man tillf8r forbranningsprodukterna en extra varmernangd utauf8r varmekanalerna framfor insatsen i den generator, som tianar till f8rvarmning av uppvdrmningsmedierna for den kraftigare uppvarmningen, och dels en anordning ftir forfarandets genomforande, vii-ken vasentligen kannetecknas dara-v, att de fran varmekanalerna till regeneratorerna ledande kanalerna aro forsedda med anordningar, exempelvis gasbrannare f5r tinfOrande av en extra varmemaned till de Iran varmekanalerna till regeneratorinsatsen strommande forbranningsprodukterna. Tillforandet av den extra varmeinangden till de till regeneratorn strtimmande forbranningsprodukterna sker pa enkelt salt darigenom, aft till forbranningsprodukterna ledes en del branngas och luft eller, om motsvarande luftoverskott finnes i forbranningsprodukterna, blott branngas. Dock kan man i de strommande forbronningsprodukterna infOra aven ett som varmebarare tjanande starkt upphettat medium som t. ex. upphettade forbranningsprodukter. Den extra tillforda varmemangden dimensioneras vid varje tillfalle pa sadant satt, aft de i ena uppvarmningsriktningen strommande forhranningsprodukterna, som uppvarma varmekanalerna svagast, tillsammans med de tillsatta -gaserna hava til1rak1igt varmeinnehall for att ackumulera den erforderliga varraemang- 2— — den i insatserna till de for forvarnming av uppvarnmingsmedierna for den starkaste uppvdrmningen tjanande regeneratorerna. \rid vertikala kammarugnar, vilkas vdrmekanaler upptill och nedtill aro anslutna till horisontella samlings- eller fordelningskanaler, vilka leda till vid sidan av yarmevaggarna liggande regeneratorer, kan uppfinningen lampligen utforas sh, att den for tillforsel av den extra varmemfingden avsedda anordningen (t. ex. en gasbrannare) anbringas -vid den langst bort frail regeneratorn beldgna anden av samlingskanalen. Harvid ernds den Mrdelen, att den for tillfOrsel av den extra varmemangden iill forbranningsprodukterna avsedda varma gasen aven avgiver en del av sitt vdrme till kammarvaggarna och darvid for-starker uppvarnmingen av exempelvis den iivre kammarzonen, i yilken det kaIla kolet infores. A andra sidan Or det yid den beskrivna anordningen fOr tillforsel av den extra varmemangden Oven mdjligt att sanka temperaturen i den horisontella fordelnings- eller samlingskanalens omrade, genom att forhallandevis slora mangder forbranningsprodukter av mattlig temperatur inforas hay. Harvid tillfores regeneratorinsatsen den erforderliga. storre varmemangden genom en storre volym forbrdnningsprodukter av lfigre temperatur. In continuously operated vertical coking furnaces, the heat demand of the furnace chambers is greatest at the top, because the chambers are charged, and at least at the bottom, where the coal, which is now heated to a remarkably high temperature, releases the volatile constituents even at a moderate, additional heating. The heat supply must thus be adjusted accordingly, with the result that the regenerators are either supplied with less heat by the combustion products than the combustion media require for heating to the required preheating temperature, or also less heat, in which case the temperature of the combustion media rises undesirably. Due to a high heating system, the regenerators do not work with the desired thermal equilibrium, and the heating efficiency of the plant becomes Andamhlet with the invention is to Ora the heating of a vertical, continuously driven chamber furnace for production of gas and coke with vertical heating ducts and regenerative preheating of air and different heat supply in the bath heating directions. The invention relates partly to a provision, which can essentially be described as an additional heat supply to the combustion products outside the heating ducts rather than to the insert in the generator, which tends to preheat the heating media for the more powerful heating, and partly to a device for carrying out the process. can be characterized in that the ducts leading from the heating ducts to the regenerators are provided with devices, for example gas burners for tin extraction of an additional heating month to the combustion products flowing through the Iran heating ducts to the regenerator insert. The supply of the extra heat input to the combustion products flowing to the regenerator takes place in a simple salt, so that some combustion gas and air are led to the combustion products or, if there is a corresponding excess of air in the combustion products, only fire gas. However, in the flowing combustion products, a highly heated medium serving as a heat exchanger can also be introduced, e.g. heated combustion products. The extra heat input supplied is dimensioned in each case in this way, because the pre-heating products flowing in one heating direction, which heat the heat ducts weakest, together with the added gases have a sufficient heat content to accumulate the required heat output in the inserts for the preheating of the heating media for the strongest heating serving regenerators. In the case of vertical chamber furnaces, the heating channels at the top and bottom of which are connected to horizontal collection or distribution channels, which lead to regenerators lying next to the arm cradles, the invention can suitably be carried out so that the device intended for supplying the extra heating finger (e.g. a gas burner) is placed at the farthest point from the regenerator to the spirit of the collection channel. This is due to the fact that the hot gas intended for supplying the extra heat to the combustion products also gives off part of its heat to the chamber walls and thereby intensifies the heating of, for example, the upper chamber zone in which the cold coal is introduced. On the other hand, it is possible to lower the temperature in the area of the horizontal distribution or collection duct in the described device for supplying the extra heat. By introducing relatively large amounts of combustion products of moderate temperature, hay is introduced. In this case, the required regenerator insert is supplied. greater amount of heat through a larger volume of combustion products of lower temperature.

Genom uppfinningen ernas en synnerligen elastisk uppvfirmning av den vertikala, kontinuerligt drivna forkoksnings-ugnen. Salunda kan man installa uppviirmningen, sh nit den iivre delen av ugnskamrarna uppvarmes kraftigare. Man kan emellertid Oven Ora omvant och tillfora mer varme vid den nedre delen av ugnskamrarna. Om man enligt uppfinningen anbringar anordningar for att tillfora den extra varmemangden till forbrAnningsprodukterna sfival vid tillfOrsel av uppvarmningsmedier ovanifran som — efter amkastning av uppvarmningsriktningen — nedifran, sa Or det mtijligt att i en och samma ugn reglera uppvfirmningen pa godtyckligt sfitt allt efter forhandenvarande behov, utan att nagra konstruktiva fordndringar behova foretag,as. Detta Or ett framsteg, som jamfort med den hitintills vanliga stela instfillningen av uppviirmningsanordningarna Or av sdrskilt praktisk betydelse. The invention provides a highly elastic embodiment of the vertical, continuously driven coking furnace. Thus, the heating can be set, while the upper part of the oven chambers is heated more strongly. However, Oven Ora can be converted and added more heat to the lower part of the oven chambers. If, according to the invention, devices are provided for supplying the extra amount of heat to the combustion products, when supplying heating media from above which - after reversing the heating direction - from below, it is possible to regulate the heating in one and the same oven at any time without need. that some constructive demands need to be made, as. This is an advance which, compared with the hitherto usual rigid adjustment of the heating devices, is of particular practical importance.

A bifogade ritning askadliggores en utforingsform av uppfinningen, darvid fig. 1 visar en vertikalgenomskdrning ef- ter linjeni fig. 2 av en vertikal kam- marugn enligt uppfinningen, och fig. 2 en vertikalgenomskarning efter linjen i fig. 1 av en del av kammarugnen. ritningen betecknar 1 de vertikala forkoksningskamrarna, som Oro begransade av vannevaggar 2, vilka Oro fiirsedda riled vertikala vdrmekanaler 3. Forkoksningskamrarna 1 Oro ph vanligt salt upptill forsedda med anordningar for tillforsel av bransIe och nedtill med anordningar for uttagande av den fram- stallda koksen. Dessa anordningar Oro icke visade p0 ritningen. In the accompanying drawing, an embodiment of the invention is illustrated, in which Fig. 1 shows a vertical section along the line in Fig. 2 of a vertical chamber furnace according to the invention, and Fig. 2 a vertical section along the line in Fig. 1 of a part of the chamber furnace. The drawing denotes 1 the vertical coking chambers, which Oro is bounded by water cradles 2, which Oro are provided with vertical ventilation ducts 3. The coking chambers 1 Oro ph ordinary salt at the top provided with devices for supplying industry and at the bottom with devices for removing the coil. These devices are not shown in the drawing.

Varmekanalerna 3 utmynna upptill i tvh horisontella fordelnings- eller samlingskanaler 4 och 5 och nedtill i motsvarande kanaler 6 och 7, vilka var och en Or forbunden med en aviedningskanal 8 och 9. The heating ducts 3 open at the top into two horizontal distribution or collection ducts 4 and 5 and at the bottom into corresponding ducts 6 and 7, each of which is connected to a drain duct 8 and 9.

Kanalerna 4 och 5 leda till vid sidan av forkoksningskamrarna och varmevaggarna anordnade regeneratorer 10 och avledningskanalerna 8 och 9 till de ddrunder anordnade regeneratorerna 11. Regeneratorerna Oro ph vanligt sfitt forsedda med en for vdrmeackumulering avsedd insats, Fdrbranningsprodukterna avledas &An regeneratorerna vid de med 12 oeh 13 betecknade stallena. The channels 4 and 5 lead to regenerators 10 arranged next to the coking chambers and the heating cradles and the drainage channels 8 and 9 to the regenerators 11 arranged below. The regenerators Oro ph are usually provided with an insert intended for heat accumulation, the combustion products are diverted at the regenerators. designated the stables.

Med tillhjalp av en pa ritningen icke visad starkgasbrannare eller genom att anvanda den svaggas, som forvarmes i de vid sidan av luftregeneratorerna 10 anordnade regeneratorerna, uppvfirmes ugnskammaren uppifran och nedat. Vid en kontinuerligt driven liammarugn maste man tillfora met- varme till det i den ovre delen av ugnskammaren nypafylIda kolet. De harigenom erhallna stora mangderna forbranningsprodukter avgiva foljaktligen en storre varmemangd till regeneratorernas 11 insatser, On dessa behova till den efterfoljande forvarnmingen av varmemedierna for uppviirmningen nedifran och uppht. Foljden harav bum, att kammarugnens nedre del vid tillfdrsel av samma varmemlingd och vid samma storlek av regeneratorernas 10 och 11 insatser tillfores for mycket varme, eftersom koksbikIningen hfir da redan avslutats. Om man emeliertid Mil& mindre varmemangd till kammarugnens nedre del i och for erhallandet av en svagare uppvarnining, sO mo Ltager regeneratorerna 10 for Iitet varme till fOljd av den ringare mangden forbranningsprodukter. Detta missforhhllande endast akar, om man gor nagra av regeneratorerna 11 mindre On regeneratorerna 10. With the aid of a solid gas burner (not shown in the drawing) or by using the low gas which is preheated in the regenerators arranged next to the air regenerators 10, the furnace chamber is heated from above and below. In the case of a continuously operating kiln furnace, heat must be supplied to the coal which is freshly filled in the upper part of the furnace chamber. The large quantities of combustion products thus obtained consequently emit a larger amount of heat to the regenerators' 11 inserts, which these require for the subsequent preheating of the heating media for the heating from below and above. As a result, the lower part of the chamber furnace is supplied with too much heat when the same amount of heat is supplied and at the same size of the inputs of the regenerators 10, since the coke formation has already been completed. If, on the other hand, there is less heat to the lower part of the chamber furnace in order to obtain a weaker heating, then the regenerators 10 receive less heat due to the smaller amount of combustion products. This malfunction only occurs if some of the regenerators 11 are made smaller than the regenerators 10.

Enligt uppfinningen har man (tailor i var och en av de ovre fordelnings- och samlingskanalerna 4 och 5 och motsvarande nedre kanaler 6 och 7, lampligen i de till dessa kanaler 6 och 7 anslutna avledningskanalerna anbragt en gasbrannare 14 och 15. Nfir samtliga regeneratorers 10 och 11 insatser hava lika stor yta, blir det nu mojligt att uppvarma den ovre delen av ugnskammaren kraftigare och den nedre delen svagare, varvid saval regeneratorerna - som regeneratorerna 11 tillfOras samma vartnemangd. Detta sker ddrigenom, att det till regeneratorerna 10 tillforda underskottet av forbranningsprodukter utjamnas vid den nedifran och uppat skeende uppvarmningen medelst de i gasbranname 14 framstallda forbrAnningsprodukterna. samma satt Or det mojligt att, ndr sh erfordras, uppvarma ugnens nedre del kraftigare, exempelvis vid tillforsel av vattenanga — —3 for framstallning av stone mangder vattengas. I sh fall tillfores regeneratorerna 11 extra ackumulatoryarmc av forbranningsprodukter fran gasbrannaren 15. According to the invention, a gas burner 14 and 15 have been arranged in each of the upper distribution and collection channels 4 and 5 and the corresponding lower channels 6 and 7, for example in the discharge channels connected to these channels 6 and 7. and 11 inserts have the same surface area, it will now be possible to heat the upper part of the furnace chamber more vigorously and the lower part weaker, whereby the regenerators - like the regenerators 11 - are supplied with the same amount of warning, this is done by supplying the regenerators 10 It is possible to heat the lower part of the furnace more vigorously, for example when supplying water vapor - —3 for the production of large amounts of water gas, in the case of the bottom and upward heating by means of the combustion products produced in the gas fires. In this case, the regenerators 11 are supplied with extra accumulators of gas combustion products the burner 15.

Claims

Patent claim:

A method of heating a vertical, continuously driven chamber furnace for the production of gas and toxins with vertical heating ducts and with regenerative preheating in air and possibly of fire gas, the heating ducts in one heating direction being heated more strongly than in the other, a jug drawn. that the combustion products have an extra heating mantle outside the heating ducts rather than the insert in the regenerator, which serves to preheat the heating media for the more powerful heating.

Device for carrying out the method according to claim 1, consisting of a vertical, continuously driven chamber furnace for the production of gas and coke with vertical heating ducts and regenerative preheating of air and possibly Liven of fire gas, the heating ducts Yid the upper and lower it is connected to regenerators, characterized in that the channels (4, 5 and 8, 9) leading from the heating ducts (3) to the regenerators (10, 11) are provided with devices, for example gas burners (14, 15) for supplying a extra heat for the combustion products flowing from the heating ducts to the regenerator insert.

Device according to claim 2, wherein the heating channels at the top and bottom are connected to horizontal collection or distribution channels, which lead to regenerators arranged next to the heating channels, characterized in that the device intended for supplying the additional heating element is, for example, a gas burner. placed at the 'Anxiety away tram regenerator (10 or 11) coated spirit ay collection channel (4, 5).

Device according to claim 3, characterized in that the device for supplying the additional heating finger 5r is arranged in front of the regenerator insert in the part of the escape duct (4, 5) which extends outside the connection stalls of the heating ducts. Stockholm 1950. 9 (ung1 Boktr. P. A. Norstedt Saner 500080