SE124897C1

SE124897C1 -

Info

Publication number: SE124897C1
Authority: SE
Publication date: 1900-01-01

Description

KLASS 48 b:12 BEVIDAT DEN 10 MARS 1949 PATENTTID FRAN DEN 5 SEPT. 19 PUBLICERAT DEN 10 MA) 1949 Heirtill en ritning. CLASS 48 b: 12 PROVIDED 10 MARCH 1949 PATENT PERIOD FROM 5 SEPT. 19 PUBLISHED ON 10 MAY) 1949 Here is a drawing.

J. B. BRENNAN, CLEVELAND, OHIO, AMERIKAS FoRENTA STATER. satt och apparat for metallsprutning. J. B. BRENNAN, CLEVELAND, OHIO, UNITED STATES OF AMERICA. set and apparatus for metal spraying.

Prioritet begard frdn den 5 september 1939 (Amerileas forenta stater). Priority was given to September 5, 1939 (United States of America).

F8religgande uppfinning avser ett sat-I och en apparat for smaltning av metaller och sarskilt for smaltning av metaller av hog renhet fore dessas finfordelning i andamaI att framstalla frail fOroreningar fria metalliska skikt. Uppfinningen kommer i det fOljande att beskrivas i samband med aluminium av hog renhetsgrad men kan naturligtvis tillampas Oven pO andra metaller. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for smelting metals and in particular to smelting metals of high purity for their atomization in order to produce free impurity free metallic layers. The invention will be described in the following in connection with aluminum of high purity, but can of course be applied to other metals as well.

Pasprutade skikt av mycket rent aluminium (foretradesvis Over 99 %-igt sadant) anvandes i stor utstrackning pa elektroder till elektrolytkondensatorer och liknande anordningar. 'Aluminiumskikten maste vara i huvudsak fria frail fororeningar, enar verkningsgraden och livslangden av elektroderna annars avsevart nedsattes. Den omstandigheten, att aluminium har egenskapen att aktivt lOsa manga andra amnen, dO det befinner sig i flytande tillstand, har gjort det mycket svart att till lag kostnad framstalla pasprutade skikt av i huvudsak rent aluminium. Det har namligen hittills icke visat sig praktiskt att framstalla sadana skikt annat On med hjalp av sprutanordningar, i vilka en tunn trad av mycket rent aluminium smaltes och omedelbart darefter finfordelas medelst en gasblaster. Uppenbarligen skulle stora metallkostnader inbesparas, om man i stallet for den nu erforderliga dyra aluminiumtraden kunde anvanda tackor, stanger och stycken av i huvudsak rent aluminium. Sprayed layers of very pure aluminum (preferably Over 99% as such) are widely used on electrodes for electrolytic capacitors and similar devices. The aluminum layers must be substantially free of contaminants, otherwise the efficiency and service life of the electrodes are significantly reduced. The fact that aluminum has the property of actively dissolving many other substances when it is in a liquid state has made it very difficult to produce pass-sprayed layers of substantially pure aluminum at legal cost. Namely, it has hitherto not proved practical to produce such layers other On with the aid of spraying devices, in which a thin strand of very pure aluminum was melted and immediately afterwards finely divided by means of a gas blaster. Obviously, large metal costs would be saved if, instead of the now required expensive aluminum wire, one could use ingots, rods and pieces of mainly pure aluminum.

Det Or foljaktligen ett andamal med uppfinningen att astadkornma ett salt och en apparat, medelst vilka sadana metaller som aluminium kunna smaltas utan att bliva fororenade. Ett annat andamal Or att astadkomma ett satt och en apparat, medelst vilka den 4- lmida smalta metallen kan ledas till en onskad punkt och darstades finfordelas eller utsprutas utan metallens fororenande. Ytterligare ett andamal Or att astadkomma ett satt och en apparat, medelst vilken ett tryck kan appliceras pa det smalta aluminiet utan att den metallen innehallande degeln utsattes for fOrstorande krafter. Accordingly, it is an object of the invention to provide a salt and apparatus by means of which such metals as aluminum can be melted without becoming contaminated. Another object is to provide a set and an apparatus, by means of which the 4-membered narrow metal can be led to a desired point and then comminuted or sprayed without the contamination of the metal. Another object is to provide a set and an apparatus by means of which a pressure can be applied to the molten aluminum without the metal-containing crucible being subjected to magnifying forces.

Ytterligare andamal och fordelar med uppfinningen framga av fOljande beskrivning av en lamplig utfOringsform av apparaten, som bifogade ritning visas i vertikalsektion. Further objects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description of an exemplary embodiment of the apparatus, as the accompanying drawing is shown in vertical section.

Kort uttryckt uppnas ovan angivna och andra andamal och fordelar genom att man smaller aluminium eller annan metall i en de-gel, som besthr av ett material, vilket icke fororenar metallen Oven om det skulle losas av denna, varvid aluminiumoxid anvandes vid smaltning av aluminium. Degeln kan upphettas elektriskt. Fran degeln ledes metallen till en onskad utmatningspunkt, t. ex. ett sprutmunstycke, genom ror eller ledningar, vilkas for den smalta metallen utsatta ytor besta av samma material som degeln. Resultatet hOrav Or, att metallen aldrig kommer i berOring med nagot material, som kan fororena densamma, under den tid som forflyter mellan dess anbringande i degeln och till metallens utmatning. For att astadkomma ett for den smdlta metallens utdrivande ur degeln och till sprutmunstycket tjanande tryck inneslutes degeln och upphettningsanordningen foretradesvis i en stark tryckkammare av metall, i -vilken tryckkammare en inert gas inpressas. Enar gastrycket Or detsamma bade p0 degelns insida och utsida, utsattes degeln icke ftir nagra forstorande krafter, ehuruval metallen kan utmatas under avsevart tryck. ritningen visas en lamplig utforingsform av apparaten. Denna bestar av en tryckkammare 10 av i stort sett cylindrisk form med ett bottenparti 11 och ett avtagbart lock 12, som kan skruvas fast pa den cylindriska delen 10 med hjalp av ett antal bultar 14. Mellan locket och den cylindriska delen Or en packning 15 anordnad fOr tatningsandamal. Briefly, the above and other purposes are achieved and advantageous by narrowing aluminum or other metal in a gel consisting of a material which does not contaminate the metal. Even if it were to be detached therefrom, alumina was used in the smelting of aluminum. The crucible can be heated electrically. From the crucible, the metal is led to an unwanted discharge point, e.g. a spray nozzle, through tubes or conduits, the surfaces of which are exposed to the molten metal consist of the same material as the crucible. The result is that the metal never comes into contact with any material which can contaminate it, during the time which elapses between its application in the crucible and the discharge of the metal. In order to provide an expulsion of the molten metal from the crucible and to serve the spray nozzle, the crucible and the heating device are preferably enclosed in a strong metal pressure chamber, in which pressure chamber an inert gas is forced. If the gas pressure is the same both on the inside and outside of the crucible, the crucible is not subjected to any magnifying forces, although the metal can be discharged under considerable pressure. the drawing shows a suitable embodiment of the device. This consists of a pressure chamber 10 of substantially cylindrical shape with a bottom portion 11 and a removable lid 12, which can be screwed onto the cylindrical part 10 by means of a number of bolts 14. Between the lid and the cylindrical part Or a gasket 15 arranged fOr tatningsandamal.

Degeln 20, som foretradesvis Or utford av ett eldfast material, vilket icke fororenar metallen Oven om det skulle losas i denna (och -vilket yid smaltning av aluminium med sarskild fordel kan utgoras av aluminiumoxid), kan uppbaras p0 vilket som heist lampligt satt inuti tryckbehallaren 10, t. ex. ph ett par ph bottnen 11 anbragta skenor 21. Degeln omgiyes av elektriska upphettningsspolar, som schematiskt visas vid 22, och till vilka straintillforselledningar 23 och 24 stracka sig ge- 2— — nom tryckkammarens vagg, i vilken de aro omgivna av ldmpliga bussningar 25 och 26 for f 5rhindrande av utldckning av gas langs utmed ledningarna. The crucible 20, which is preferably challenged by a refractory material which does not contaminate the metal. 10, e.g. The crucible is surrounded by electric heating coils, which are schematically shown at 22, and to which strain supply lines 23 and 24 extend through the cradle of the pressure chamber, in which they are surrounded by indelible bushings 25 and 26 to prevent gas leakage along the lines.

Vid drift placeras tackor av mycket rent aluminium i degeln 20, varefter &trona tillf5- res for aft smalta tackorna och astadkomma en aluminiumsmdlta betecknad med 27. For att leda del smdlta aluminiet ut ur degeln anvandes en ledning 28, vilken foretradesvis be-star av samma eldfasta material som degeln, d. v. s• i detta fall aluminiumoxid. Ledningen strdeker sig ut genom tryckkammarens 10 vagg, ddr den omgives av en lackage forhindrande bussning 29, till ett sprutmunstycke 30, som kan vara anordnat pa vilket som helst lampligt stalk. Aluminiumoxidledningen 28 Er ldmpligen overdragen med isolerande material 32 atminstone pa sin utanf or tryckbehallaren 10 beldgna del. Harigenom forhindras aluminiet att avkylas och stelna i aluminiumoxidledningen. Om 'sh onskas, kan ledningen upphettas pa nhgot ldmpligt satt for att vidmakthalla metallen i flytande tillstand. During operation, very pure aluminum ingots are placed in the crucible 20, after which the thrones are fed to narrow the ingots and provide an aluminum melt designated 27. To guide some of the molten aluminum out of the crucible, a lead 28 is used, which preferably consists of the same refractory materials such as the crucible, ie in this case alumina. The line extends through the cradle of the pressure chamber 10, where it is surrounded by a leakage preventing bushing 29, to a spray nozzle 30, which can be arranged on any suitable stalk. The alumina line 28 is typically coated with insulating material 32 at least on its outside part of the pressure vessel 10. This prevents the aluminum from cooling and solidifying in the alumina line. If desired, the conduit can be heated in any suitable manner to maintain the metal in a liquid state.

For att pressa det smdlta aluminiet ut genom ledningen 28 pumpas gas under tryck in i tryckkammaren 10 genom ett ror eller en ledning 34, varvid gasinstronmingen regleras med hjdlp av en ventil 35 och trycket i tryckkammaren kan avldsas ph en manometer 36, Foretradesvis anvandes en inert gas, sasom kvave. Gasens tryck pa det smdlta aluminiet 27 medf Or, att aluminiet strommar genom ledningen 28 till sprutmunstycket 30, ddr en genom en ledning 38 tillford luft- eller gasblaster finfOrdelar aluminiet ()eh pressar ut delta i form av en strale 39. In order to push the molten aluminum out through the line 28, gas is pressurized under pressure into the pressure chamber 10 through a pipe or a line 34, the gas inflow being regulated by means of a valve 35 and the pressure in the pressure chamber being able to be sensed by a manometer 36. Preferably an inert gas, sasom kvave. The pressure of the gas on the molten aluminum 27 causes the aluminum to flow through the line 28 to the spray nozzle 30, where an air or gas blast supplied through a line 38 distributes the aluminum () and pushes out the delta in the form of a jet 39.

Genoni foreliggande uppfinning blir det mojligt att framstalla ett pasprutat skikt av mycket rent aluminium med utgang fran aluminiumtackor och utan att man sasom hittills behover anvdnda trad av mycket rent aluminium. Enligt uppfinningen smaltes aluminium I en degel, som bestar av ett material, vilket joke simile fororena aluminiet awn om dot lostes ddri. Med hjdlp av forfaringssattet och apparaten enligt uppfinningen blir det ligt att utmata smalta metaller under tryck utan att utsatta den metallen innehallande degeln for nagra mera vasentliga tryckskillnader. Vidare minskas kostnaderna for metal-lens smdltning, i det att den degeln oingivande tryckbehallaren aven hindrar overdrivna varmeforluster. Apparaten kan byggas till lag kostnad, och ekonomien Tad betraffar drift och material är sadan, att kostnaden for sprutning av i huvudsak ren metall blir avsevart reducerad jamfort med kostnaden for sprutning av sadan metall enligt tidigare metoder. In accordance with the present invention, it will be possible to produce a spray-painted layer of very pure aluminum starting from aluminum ingots and without the need hitherto used for using very pure aluminum. According to the invention, aluminum was melted in a crucible, which consists of a material, which joke simile contaminates the aluminum awn if dot lost ddri. With the aid of the method set and the apparatus according to the invention, it becomes possible to discharge molten metals under pressure without exposing the crucible containing the metal to any more essential pressure differences. Furthermore, the cost of smelting the metal is reduced, in that the pressure vessel, which does not enter the crucible, also prevents excessive heat loss. The apparatus can be built at legal cost, and the economics of operation and materials are such that the cost of spraying substantially pure metal is considerably reduced compared to the cost of spraying such metal according to prior methods.

Ovan liar uppfinningen beskriTits i tilldmpfling pa sprutning av mycket rent aluminium. Det dr emellertid uppenbart, att uppfinningen kan anpassas aven for andra anvandningar. Sa I. ex. kunna andra metaller anvdndas i saraband med deglar, som bestd av material, vilka icke fororena ifragavarande me-taller. Anordningen av sprutmunstycket kan varieras. Sd t. ex. kan den smdlta raetallen tillatas stromma till munstycket under inverkan av tyngdkraften i stallet for under tryck. Det an dvenledes uppenbart, att anordningen av degeln och tryckkammaren kan vara fordelaktig i samband med andra forfaranden an sprutning av metaller, t. ex. vid formgjutning eller andra forfaranden, dim det an onskvart att utmata small metal' under tryck. Olika andra forandringar och modifikationer inses latt av fackmannen. The invention has been described above in application to the spraying of very pure aluminum. It is to be understood, however, that the invention may be adapted for other uses as well. In I. ex. other metals can be used in conjunction with crucibles, which consist of materials which do not contaminate the metals in question. The arrangement of the spray nozzle can be varied. Sd e.g. For example, the molten metal can be allowed to flow to the nozzle under the influence of gravity in the stable under pressure. It is thus obvious that the arrangement of the crucible and the pressure chamber can be advantageous in connection with other methods of spraying metals, e.g. in die casting or other processes, it is advisable to discharge small metal under pressure. Various other changes and modifications will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art.

Claims

Patent claim:

Apparatus for metal spraying comprising a refractory crucible Mute devices for heating the crucible and for discharging the metal from the crucible under pressure, characterized in that at least the small metal exposed surfaces of the crucible (20) and a mandrel with a spraying device (30) connecting wire (28) consisting of an oxide of the metal in question.

Apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that the surfaces of the crucible (20) and the conduit (28) of the molten metal consist of alumina.

Apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the crucible (20) is surrounded at a certain distance by a pressure chamber (10), provided with a device for introducing compressed gas.

Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the conduit (28) extends from the interior of the crucible (20) to a discharge point (30) outside the pressure chamber (10).

5. Provided for the production of injection-molded layers of very pure aluminum, characterized in that the injection-molding takes place with a spray device according to any one of patent claims 1-4. Stockholm 1949. Kungl. Boktr. P. A. Norstedt & Miler 490089 Till Patentet N: o GENERALSTABENS LITOGR ANSTALT