RU79515U1 - BICYCLE - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to trackless land vehicles, in particular to bicycles. The essence of the utility model: a bicycle, comprising a frame with a saddle, a front steering sleeve connected to the frame, a rear support sleeve connected to the frame, which is inclined with a shift of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve to the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction. In the front steering sleeve of the frame, by means of a fork with a steering wheel, a front wheel is fixed, mounted rotatably in the front steering sleeve. In the rear support sleeve of the frame, by means of a non-linear fork mounted pivotally in the rear support sleeve, the rear wheel is fixed. A drive wheel is installed between the front and rear wheels, for example with pedals of rotation drive. The drive wheel is connected to the frame by means of a movable link mounted with the possibility of swinging in the plane of displacement relative to the frame. The bike is equipped with a rear wheel turn stop. The technical result that can be obtained by using the device is to improve the functionality of the bicycle by preventing the rear fork with the rear wheel from turning relative to the frame by an angle greater than that specified by the limiter. 1 n.p.f., 2 s.p.f., 3 ill.

Description

The utility model relates to trackless land vehicles, in particular to bicycles.

Bicycles are known comprising a frame with a saddle and with a front steering sleeve, a front wheel fixed to the frame by means of a fork with a steering wheel mounted to rotate in the front steering sleeve, and a driving rear wheel with a rotation drive rigidly mounted on the frame (for example, RU 2025385 , B62K 3/00. 1991.10.24).

A disadvantage of the design of known bicycles when using them is that the rear wheel has only one degree of freedom of movement relative to the frame (rotation of the wheel), which does not allow the bicycle design to create a significant amplitude of spatial movements of the rear end of the frame and saddle in the vertical and horizontal plane, as a result of which the cyclist’s body (through the saddle) is not informed of a significant undulating movement in space during the trip (hereinafter referred to as different trajectories of the saddle). In particular, this applies to the case of movement with turns on a flat horizontal surface.

In addition, the disadvantages of the known bicycle may include:

- lack of maneuverability;

- the occurrence of shock load on the bicycle structure when overcoming obstacles and driving on rough road surfaces;

- insufficient number of points of contact with the road surface (two wheel support points).

The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is a bicycle containing a frame with a saddle, a front steering sleeve connected to the frame, a rear support sleeve connected to the frame, a front wheel mounted on the frame with a steering fork mounted for rotation in the front steering sleeve, a wheel with a rotation drive connected to the frame by means of a movable link mounted to swing in a plane of displacement relative to the frame, and a rear wheel fixed to

the frame by means of a non-linear fork mounted with the possibility of rotation in the rear support sleeve, made inclined with a shift of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve to the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction, RF patent for utility model No. 72933, B62K 3/00, 2008.01.21.

In the design of the specified bicycle, the rear wheel has two degrees of freedom relative to the frame (rotation of the wheel relative to the frame and rotation of the rear wheel relative to the frame together with the rear non-linear fork in the rear support sleeve), which allows the design of the specified bicycle to create a characteristic wave-like trajectory of the saddle (second degree of freedom of the rear wheel further - rear wheel rotation).

In addition, the specified bike has

- significant maneuverability;

- reduction of shock load on the bicycle structure (softness);

- reduction of the specific load on the supporting surface (road, soil);

- Three points of contact with the road surface (reference points of the wheels), which may not be on the same line.

However, the design of this bike (with the structurally free rotation of the rear wheel relative to the frame) does not provide the necessary degree of accuracy and stability of the rear wheel control (especially for entertainment and sports use), which is manifested in the possibility of turning the rear wheel relative to the frame by an angle greater than this is necessary to achieve the specific goals of using the bike, which can lead to failure to achieve the goal.

The reason is the lack of effectiveness of the existing links, through which the value of the angle of rotation of the rear wheel can be controlled.

The control can be carried out by the actions of the cyclist, for example, by turning the front wheel through communication with the road surface or by jerking the saddle with the cyclist’s body, as well as the control influence on the value of the angle of rotation of the rear wheel can be carried out constructively, for example, by using different values of the angle of the longitudinal axis rear support sleeve to the front of the frame relative to the vertical direction, etc.

The lack of effectiveness of these control links (especially with significant values of the angle of displacement of the longitudinal axis of the rear

the supporting sleeve in the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction can lead to:

- to inaccurate, unstable receipt by the cyclist of the preferred segments, fragments of a wave-like trajectory of the saddle;

- to turn (shift) the rear wheel to a position that prevents rolling;

- to inaccurate, unstable control of the bicycle during a difficult turn, turn, especially the rotation of the cyclist-bicycle system (including with support only on the drive and rear wheels with the front wheel raised above the road surface);

- to inaccurate, unstable management of the preferred (more or less) degree of bicycle maneuverability.

The task to which the claimed device is directed is to increase the accuracy and stability of controlling the angle of rotation of the rear wheel of the specified bicycle by supplying the bicycle structure with elements (ohms) that constructively provide an additional control connection that allows for more accurate and stable control.

The technical result obtained by using the inventive device is to prevent the rear wheel from turning relative to the frame by an angle greater than the maximum allowable angle of rotation set by the structural design (location) of the bicycle device elements.

The specified technical result is achieved by a bicycle containing a frame with a saddle, a front steering sleeve connected to the frame, a rear support sleeve connected to the frame, a front wheel fixed to the frame by means of a fork with a wheel mounted to rotate in the front steering sleeve, a drive wheel with a rotation drive associated with the frame by means of a movable link mounted to swing in the plane of displacement relative to the frame, and a rear wheel fixed to the frame by means of a non-linear fork detecting rotatably in the rear bearing sleeve formed inclined with offset longitudinal sleeve axis into a front side of the frame due to the fact that it is provided with a rear wheel rotation limiter.

And also due to the fact that the rear wheel rotation limiter is made with a range of displacement when turning through an angle of at least 30 ° and not more than 160 ° (when the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve is shifted to the front of the frame relative to the vertical direction by an angle of not more than 13 °) .

And also due to the fact that the rear wheel rotation limiter is made in the form of two stop elements on the rear support sleeve and a protrusion on the fork, located in the alignment between the stop elements with the possibility of symmetrical displacement (or not symmetrical, within the limits of the limiter and the bicycle).

The essence of the claimed utility model is manifested in the fact that in the indicated combination of features of the restrictive part of the technical solution formula, the use of the rear wheel rotation limiter constructively provides an additional control link, by which the rotation of the rear wheel by an angle greater than the specified value is structurally prevented. Due to this prevention, there is an increase in the accuracy and stability of control, since the most difficult part of the cyclist's work in controlling the angle of rotation of the rear wheel is carried out automatically by the bicycle structural elements.

Under conditions of such interaction of bicycle parts, the function of the limiter is to control the relatively free rotation of the rear wheel (its free connection with the frame) by means of a structurally created non-free connection, which can act on the free connection temporarily or permanently, be rigid or flexible, elastic (for example, a spring of the necessary stiffness) or have their various combinations.

The inventive variant of the limiter design (for a certain value of the angle of rotation of the rear wheel) creates a rigid temporarily non-free control link between the frame (rear support sleeve) and the rear fork at the moment of contact of the stop element on the rear support sleeve and the protrusion on the rear fork. During the contact period, the rear wheel rotation is structurally controlled, which consists in preventing the possibility of further rotation of the rear wheel (in the same direction) relative to the frame. By the design of the limiter, the contact is made at a given point corresponding to the maximum permissible value of the angle of rotation of the rear wheel, which is determined, is planned for a specific use of the bicycle.

Thus, the use of a limiter for the value of the angle of rotation of the rear wheel allows you to prevent the rotation of the rear wheel relative to the frame by an amount of angle greater than the maximum permissible value of the angle of rotation specified by the design (arrangement) of the elements of the device of the limiter.

If during any use of the bicycle for its intended purpose (especially as an entertainment or sports one), the limiter creates a control non-free communication (for example, through the contact of its elements), the limiter is recognized as working, and the technical result is implemented.

The use of a rear-wheel rotation limiter allows:

- to improve the accuracy and stability of the cyclist obtaining the preferred segments, fragments of a wave-like trajectory of the saddle;

- prevent the rear wheel from turning (shifting) to a position that prevents rolling;

- to increase the accuracy and stability of control in a complex turn, turn, rotation of the cyclist-bicycle system;

- constructively establish, set the preferred (greater or lesser) degree of bicycle maneuverability.

Under the conditions of such interaction of bicycle parts, the range of limiting the displacement of the rear wheel relative to the frame when turning through an angle of at least 30 ° and not more than 160 ° (not less than 15 ° not more than 80 ° in one direction) corresponds to the most preferable angle for practical use in restricting the rear turn wheels relative to the frame (provided that the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve is shifted to the front of the frame relative to the vertical direction by an angle of not more than 13 °), which does not exclude the possibility of using angles outside azannogo range limit rotation of the rear wheel.

The smaller the angle used for the claimed range of limitations (when the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve is shifted to the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction by an angle of not more than 13 °), the smaller the limit value obtained for the angle of rotation of the rear wheel relative to the frame, the smaller the resulting segment, a fragment of a wave-shaped trajectory seats, the bicycle is less maneuverable and vice versa, as well as in these conditions

Structurally, the prevention of rotation (displacement) of the rear wheel to a position that impedes rolling and increasing the accuracy and stability of control, including during complex turns, turns, and rotations, is provided.

It should be noted that if the angle of offset of the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve to the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction is more than 13 °, for example 14 ° or more (within the relative operability of the rear wheel), the value increases proportionally (when the rear wheel is turned) displacement of the reference point of the rear wheel towards the drive wheel, therefore, in this case, the corresponding preferred smaller angles of the specified range of restriction should be used (use of large Larger values of the angle of the restriction range are possible only for entertaining, attraction use, since in this case the loss of balance of the cyclist-bicycle system is possible).

The definition of the essence of this technical solution implies the following:

“straight fork” means a part having parts that do not coincide in orientation in space, for example, a pair of curved rods for connecting to a wheel and a rectilinear axial supporting part connected to rods or, for example, a pair of rectilinear rods for connecting to a wheel and a rectilinear axial supporting connected to rods a part located at an angle to the direction of the rectilinear rods;

"sleeve" - a part with a longitudinal axial hole into which the mating part enters, in this case the axial bearing part of the fork;

"moving link" - a part or a group of parts forming a system that allows the relative movement of the parts connected to it;

"associated with the frame" - the essence of the connection, ensuring the interdependence of the position of the parts connected to the frame,

"vertical direction" - the direction with the working arrangement of the bicycle wheels on a horizontal supporting surface.

"working arrangement of the wheels" - the arrangement of the wheels in a rectilinear motion on a horizontal supporting surface.

The essence of the proposed technical solution is illustrated by drawings, where figure 1 shows a schematic General view of a bicycle with an inclined rear

a supporting sleeve with a displacement of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve in the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction. Figure 2 and 3 shows the limiter, characterized by a rigid temporary acting control proprietary communication, figure 2 - view A of figure 1 in figure 3 - section BB of figure 2.

The bicycle contains a frame 1 with a saddle 2, the front steering sleeve 3 connected (movably or motionless) to the frame 1 and the rear support sleeve 4 connected (movably or motionless) to the frame 1. On the frame 1 in the front steering sleeve 3 by the fork 5 with the steering wheel 6 the front wheel 7 is fixed, while the fork 5 is mounted rotatably in the front steering sleeve 3. In the rear support sleeve 4, the rear wheel 9 is fixed by means of a straight fork 8, while the straight fork 8 is mounted rotatably in the rear support sleeve 4, whichin turn, it is made inclined and installed with a displacement of the longitudinal axis of the sleeve 4 in the front side of the frame 1 relative to the vertical direction. Between the front and rear wheels there is a drive wheel 10 with 11 rotations (for example, pedal, linkage, chain, etc.). The drive wheel 10 is connected to the frame 1 by means of a movable link, for example, a lever 12 (or a multi-link, not shown), mounted on the hinge 13 with the possibility of swinging together with the drive wheel 10 in the displacement plane relative to the frame 1.

To prevent rotation of the rear fork 8 with the rear wheel 9 relative to the frame 1 by an angle greater than the angle maximum allowed in accordance with the purpose of using the bicycle, the bicycle is equipped with a rotation limiter for the rear wheel 9, which in this case can be performed with a preferred range of restriction displacement when turning through an angle "v" of not less than 30 ° and not more than 160 °, provided, for example, by two stop elements 14 and 15 on the rear support sleeve 4 and a protrusion 16 on an indirect straight fork 8, located in the alignment between the thrust elements 14 and 15 with the possibility of symmetrical displacement (or relatively non-symmetrical, within the limits of operability of the limiter and the bicycle).

The work of the bike is as follows. When driving, the cyclist is located in the saddle 2, controlling the wheel 6 of the front wheel 7 and driving the drive wheel 10 (the rear wheel 9 is rotated by moving the front wheel mainly automatically through communication with the road surface or by shifting the saddle by the cyclist’s body).

When the bicycle is moving straight and with permissible rear steering angles

forks 8 with the rear wheel 9 relative to the frame 1, the protrusion 16 on the non-linear fork 8, does not touch the stop elements 14 and 15 and oscillates in the alignment between them. If it is possible to rotate the rear fork 8 with the rear wheel 9 by an angle larger than the maximum allowable and specified by the design (arrangement) of the stop elements 14 and 15, the protrusion 16 abuts against one of the stop elements 14 or 15, preventing the rear fork 8 and the rear wheel 9 to turn a larger angle.

The use of a rear wheel turn limiter provides:

- improving the accuracy and stability of the cyclist obtaining the preferred segments, fragments of the wave-like trajectory of the saddle (the smaller the applied angle of the range of restriction of rotation of the rear wheel, the smaller the segment obtained fragment and vice versa);

- preventing the rear wheel from mixing into a position that prevents rolling (by selecting the required angle of the range of limitation of rotation of the rear wheel in accordance with the design features of the bicycle, for example, the angle of displacement of the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve, as well as in accordance with the purpose of use);

- improving the accuracy and stability of the control of the bicycle, especially with a complex turn, turn, rotation of the cyclist-bicycle system (by choosing the necessary value of the angle of the restriction range in accordance with the design of the bicycle and the planned maximum radius of rotation, turn, rotation).

So, for example, by the actions of a cyclist, the protrusion 16 is moved all the way to one of the stop elements 14 or 15, the rear fork 8 with the rear wheel 9 is unilaterally fixed relative to the frame in a fixed position, and then a turn, a turn, a rotation, including support drive and rear wheels only.

- the ability to constructively set a greater or lesser degree of bicycle maneuverability. The smaller the angle used for the specified range of limitation, the less maneuverability and vice versa.

- In addition, the mechanism for limiting the rotation of the rear wheel can be used to maintain the balance of the bicycle (or the cyclist-bicycle system) when it is stationary on three wheels. The protrusion 16 is moved all the way to one of the stop elements 14 or 15, the rear fork 8 with the rear wheel 9 is unilaterally fixed relative to the frame in a fixed position, as a result of which the reference point of the rear wheel forms a triangle with the reference points of two other wheels, which ensures relative balance bicycle when the projection of the center of mass is inside the supporting area of the triangle.

The proposed technical solution can be implemented at a machine-building enterprise of medium technical equipment, which confirms the compliance of the utility model with the patenting criterion “industrial applicability”.

Claims (3)

1. A bicycle comprising a frame with a saddle, a front steering sleeve connected to the frame, a rear support sleeve connected to the frame, a front wheel fixed to the frame by a fork with a steering wheel mounted to rotate in the front steering sleeve, a drive wheel with a rotation drive, connected with a frame by means of a movable link mounted to swing in a plane of displacement relative to the frame, and a rear wheel mounted on the frame by means of a non-linear fork mounted to rotate in the rear supports a bushing made inclined with a displacement of the longitudinal axis of the bushing in the front side of the frame relative to the vertical direction, characterized in that it is equipped with a limiter of rotation of the rear wheel 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the rotation limiter of the rear wheel is made with a range of displacement when turning an angle of not less than 30 ° and not more than 160 ° when the longitudinal axis of the rear support sleeve is shifted to the front of the frame relative to the vertical direction by an angle of more than 13 °. 3. The device according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the rear wheel rotation limiter is made in the form of two stop elements on the rear support sleeve and a protrusion on the fork, located in the alignment between the stop elements with the possibility of symmetrical displacement.