RU75458U1 - WATER BOILER - Google Patents

Abstract

The hot water boiler contains a sealed enclosure in which a furnace with a gas burner, a heat exchanger with a smoke box, an automation system connected to a gas burner, and also nozzles for supplying air to the gas burner and removing combustion products are placed. Inside the heat exchangers there are convective channels divided by vertical walls into several flues, a twisted coil. Square convective channels are located inside the circular heat exchanger. Convective channels are divided by vertical walls into several square ducts. The vertical walls of the gas ducts protrude into the convective channel by an amount equal to 0.45 of its width and are shifted relative to the axes of the convective channel by 0.05 of the channel width, respectively. The vertical walls have a triangular cut-out at the bottom with a base equal to 0.5 channel width and a channel height of 0.25 height. A pipe for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner is fixed at one end on the side surface of the boiler body, and at the other end of the pipe located in the cavity between the inner surface of the boiler body and the outer surface of the heat exchanger has a draft tip tip. The diameter of the outlet pipe to remove the products of combustion of the heat exchanger is 0.8-0.9 of the diameter of the outlet of the pipe of the boiler body and the vertical axis of both pipes coincide.

Description

The proposed boiler is designed for separate heating and hot water supply of apartments in residential multi-storey buildings and individual residential buildings, with natural and forced water circulation systems.

Known hot water boiler (patent for utility model No. 30946 dated 04.02.2003, (1)) which contains an airtight housing. A firebox is placed in the casing, over which a convective gas duct is made. In the furnace there are heat exchange elements in the form of transversely arranged water pipes assembled in vertical rows. The convective flue in its upper part is made in one piece with a smoke box, into which a telescopic pipe is inserted, extending outside the buildings and having channels for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and for ejecting combustion products. In the lower part of the furnace, lateral screen horizontal pipes are installed. In the middle and upper parts of the furnace, horizontal (across the boiler) water pipes of different diameters are installed, which are connected to the screen pipes with the help of the front and rear water chambers of the boiler. The intensity of washing the pipes with coolant is determined by the distance between the pipes in the same row and the distance between the pipes of two adjacent rows diagonally. The convective flue is made in a trapezoidal shape and in it the water pipes are arranged horizontally (across the boiler) in a checkerboard pattern and are also connected to the front and rear water chambers of the boiler. The trapezoidal arrangement of the pipes in the middle and upper parts of the furnace provides a cross-sectional area between the pipes of the first row greater than the cross-sectional area between the pipes of the last row by 1.5-2.5 times. In the rear part of the boiler, an additional channel (bypass) connected to the rear water chamber is made, in which a heat exchanger for hot water supply is located. The heat exchanger is made in the form of a twisted coil. The gas burner is connected to the boiler automation system. For ease of regulation, an automation system is installed in the front of the boiler.

In the known device, as a heat exchanger, horizontally arranged pipes are used, the number of which is at least 30 pieces. Therefore, boilers of this design have a high metal consumption. In the manufacture of a heat exchanger of this design, it is necessary to perform 60 or more welds, which significantly increases the complexity of the manufacture of the boiler and reduces its reliability during operation. In addition, the horizontal arrangement of the pipes does not provide uniform and efficient heat transfer between hot gases rising from the gas burner through the convective gas duct and the heat carrier located in the cavity of the heat exchanger. The use of an additional channel (bypass) with

the heat exchanger also increases the metal consumption (weight) of the boiler, as well as its overall dimensions.

The closest analogue to the proposed hot water boiler is a hot water boiler (utility model patent No. 61013 dated April 11, 2006 (2)). This boiler has an even number of vertical convective channels of trapezoidal shape divided by vertical walls into several flues. The channels are located inside a heat exchanger filled with a liquid coolant, such as water. The height of the convective channels is equal to the height of the heat exchanger, and the cross-sectional area of the lower base is 1.5-4.5 times larger than the cross-sectional area of the upper base of the convective channel. The gas burner is made two-section, with one of the sections working continuously, and the other has the ability to turn on if necessary through a separate locking element. Convective gas channels are installed directly above the two-section gas burner. The telescopic gas duct for the emission of combustion products is located inside the telescopic pipe for air supply and has a layer of thermal insulation on its surface. The coiled coil of the hot water circuit is installed directly in the cavity of the heat exchanger between the outer walls of the convective channels and the inner walls of the boiler body.

Boilers of known design have certain drawbacks, in particular convective channels of a trapezoidal shape are difficult to manufacture. In addition, dividing the channel by vertical walls into gas ducts significantly increases the metal consumption of the convective channel and the entire heat exchanger of the boiler. The experience of operating hot water boilers of known design has shown that the trapezoidal convective channels used in this boiler have certain disadvantages associated with uneven heating of the channel walls. This leads to local overheating of individual zones of the convective channel and, as a result, to local boiling of the coolant in superheated zones.

The purpose of the proposed utility model is to reduce the metal consumption of the boiler, the complexity of manufacturing and, as a consequence, improve the operational characteristics of the boiler.

This goal is achieved in that the boiler has convective channels of square cross-section, located inside the circular heat exchanger. Convective channels are divided by vertical walls into several square ducts. The vertical walls of the gas ducts protrude into the convective channel by an amount equal to 0.45 of its width and are shifted relative to the axes of the convective channel by 0.05 of the channel width, respectively. The vertical walls have a triangular cutout in the lower part with a base equal to 0.5 channel width and a height of 0.25 channel height. A pipe for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner is fixed at one end on the side surface of the boiler body, and at the other end of the pipe located in the cavity between the inner surface of the boiler body and the outer surface

The heat exchanger has a traction rollover sensor. The diameter of the outlet pipe to remove the products of combustion of the heat exchanger is 0.8-0.9 of the diameter of the outlet of the pipe of the boiler body and the vertical axis of both pipes coincide.

Figure 1 shows a side view of the proposed hot water boiler. In the boiler there is a furnace 1. The furnace 1 in its upper part passes into convective channels 2 of square section, divided by vertical walls into several gas ducts of square section. In the lower part of the furnace 1, a gas burner 3 is installed, located above the bottom of the boiler body 4 and connected to the automation system 5. Several convection channels are installed above the gas burner 3 (depending on the boiler output) 2. Combustion products through a smoke box 6 with a pipe 7 and the outlet pipe 8 of the boiler body is brought out of the premises. The diameter of the outlet of the pipe 7 to remove the combustion products of the smoke box 6 is 0.8-0.9 diameter of the outlet of the pipe 8 of the boiler body. Through the pipe 9, air is supplied to the gas burner 3. The pipe 9 has a sensor for tipping over the draft 10. In the upper part of the boiler there is a twisted coil 11 of the hot water circuit. The coil 11 covers the convective channels 2 with its turns and is installed in the cavity of the heat exchanger 12, which is filled with a coolant (for example, water). Outside, all elements of the boiler are closed by a housing 4.

Figure 2 shows an example of a specific embodiment of convective channels (top view and side view), where 13 and 14 are the upper and lower bases of the convective channel, used to fix the channels, 15 are the outer walls of the convective channel, and 16 are the vertical walls dividing the convective channel to the flues. Vertical walls 16 protrude into the channel by an amount equal to 0.45V, where B is the width of the convective channel and offset relative to the axes of the convective channel, respectively, by values equal to 0.05V, where B is the width of the convective channel.

Figure 3 shows an example of a specific embodiment of the vertical wall 16 of the convective channel. Vertical walls 16 have a triangular cutout in the lower part with a base equal to 0.5 V, where B is the width of the channel and a height of 0.25 N, where H is the height of the channel.

The boiler operates as follows.

During the operation of the gas burner 3, gas is burned in the furnace 1 and the rising hot products of combustion enter the convection channels 2 having a developed inner surface. The gas combustion products transfer part of their energy to the vertical walls 16, and they, in turn, through the walls 15 of the convective channels 2 to the heat carrier located in the space bounded by the walls 15 of the convective channels 2, the upper 13 and lower 14 bases of the convective channel and the outer wall of the heat exchanger 12. Having given part of its heat

coolant, combustion products reduce their volume. This leads to a decrease in the flow velocity of hot gases in the upper part of the convective channel and, as a result, to a deterioration in heat transfer in the peripheral zone of the convective channel. The presence of vertical walls in the central part of the convective channel contributes to the improvement of heat removal from the central part of the gas stream, where the temperature of the combustion products is maximum. With this design of the convective channel, it is possible to ensure maximum heat output from a unit surface of the convective channel.

The products of combustion of gas fuel, having given part of their energy to the coolant, fall into the chimney box 6 and, through a system of pipes 7 and 8, are removed outside the living room through an existing chimney.

At the same time, air enters the furnace through the pipe 9, one of the ends of which is fixed on the side surface of the boiler body 4. In the proposed design of the boiler, the organization of air supply is possible, both directly from the heated room, and from the street.

When the boiler is operating, atmospheric air (especially in windy weather) may enter the furnace through the chimney system, which can lead to blowing out of the gas burner. The presence of a certain amount of air used for combustion in the space between the wall of the heat exchanger 12 and the boiler body 4, reduces the likelihood of blowing out of the gas burner. To protect the boiler from this harmful factor, the boiler has a draft tilt sensor 10 located on the other end of the pipe 9 and located in the cavity between the inner surface of the boiler and the outer surface of the heat exchanger. The sensor tipping 10 thrust is connected to the automation system 5, which in extreme cases stops the gas supply to the gas burner 3.

The heating temperature of the coolant in the boiler is set before the boiler starts and is monitored by the automation system 5. When the coolant at the outlet of the boiler is heated to a temperature corresponding to the value set by the coolant temperature controller, the automation system 5 reduces the gas supply to the burners. After cooling the coolant in the heating system by a certain amount, the gas supply to the main burner is automatically restored.

If during the operation of the boiler, water is supplied through the pipeline to the hot water supply coil 11, then the water heated in the heat exchanger 12 heats the coil 11 and will flow from it to the consumer’s hot water mixers.

Such a design of the boiler allows to reduce its metal consumption and the complexity of manufacturing by simplifying the design of the heat exchanger. The use of vertical walls protruding into the convection channel by an amount equal to 0.45 of the channel width, offset from the axes of the convective channel by an amount equal to 0.05 of its width, and having a triangular bottom

a cutout with a base equal to 0.5 channel width and a height of 0.25 channel height, significantly increases the efficiency of the convective channel and helps to improve the operational characteristics of the boiler. The presence in the boiler of a traction rollover sensor installed in the cavity between the inner surface of the boiler body and the outer surface of the heat exchanger increases the boiler's resistance to atmospheric pressure drops and reduces the risk of gas burner blowing during operation. In addition, the possibility of air intake for combustion both directly from the heated room and from the street significantly improves the operational characteristics of the proposed boiler design.

Information sources

1. Patent for utility model No. 30946 dated February 4, 2003.

2. Utility Model Patent No. 61013 of April 11, 2006.

Claims (1)

A water boiler containing a sealed enclosure in which a furnace with a gas burner is placed, a heat exchanger with a smoke box, inside of which there are convective channels divided by vertical walls into several gas ducts, pipes for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner and removing combustion products, a twisted coil, installed in the cavity of the heat exchanger, and an automation system connected to a gas burner, characterized in that the boiler has convective channels of square cross-section located inside the heat exchanger a circular cross-section and divided by vertical walls into several gas ducts of square cross-section, with the vertical walls protruding into the channel by an amount equal to 0.45 of its width, offset from the channel axes by 0.05 channel width and have a triangular notch with a base equal to 0.5 of the channel width and a height of 0.25 channel height, and the pipe for supplying air to the furnace to the gas burner is fixed at one end on the side surface of the boiler body, and at the other end located in the cavity between the inner surface of the body Boiler meat and the outer surface of the heat exchanger, there is a rollover sensor rod, and the diameter of the output pipe for removing products of combustion flue box is diameter 0,8-0,9 outlet pipe of the boiler casing and vertical axes of both pipes are identical.