RU69375U1 - HYDROPONIC INSTALLATION - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to equipment for growing green vegetables, germinating seeds and receiving green fodder.

It contains a multi-tiered rack divided by a partition into the upper and lower vegetation chambers and made in the form of racks interconnected by transverse links on which the germinators are placed, as well as a frame with irrigation pipes. Transparent covers are mounted on the racks in the upper vegetation chamber and fans, lamps, heating devices, a drainage pan and a pressure-mixing tank are installed, and opaque covers are mounted on the racks in the lower vegetation chamber, and heating devices, a drainage pan and a nutrient solution tank are connected piping with a pump. Includes a device for preparing substrates containing a container for preparing a suspension and an ultrasonic bath.

Using the proposed installation can improve the productivity of year-round cultivation of green vegetables, as well as green food for animals and birds.

Description

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular, to equipment for growing green vegetables, germinating seeds and obtaining green feed for farm animals and birds; It can be used in the food and feed industry, in medicine, in catering and in everyday life.

Known hydroponic installation (USSR AS No. 1021437) containing multi-tiered racks equipped with heating, irrigation, lighting, ventilation, bactericidal (ultraviolet) radiation and automatic regulation. There is a station for the preparation of planting material, containing a hopper, conveyor, dispenser, conveyor, bactericidal irradiators, a drainage bath and a pallet loading device.

However, this installation is not effective enough due to design imperfections and large dimensions.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is a hydroponic installation (patent RU No.2019959) containing a multi-tiered rack made in the form of racks connected by transverse connections. On the links are located germinators that are equipped with plate knives. In the lower part of the rack there is a container for nutrient solution, in the upper part there is a fan, distribution capacity and lamps. A frame with irrigation pipes is installed on each tier. The germinators are mesh and retractable. The rack is divided by a partition into the upper and lower compartments. The installation is equipped with a boot device. Lids are fixed on the racks: in the upper compartment from transparent material, in the lower compartment from opaque.

However, this installation is not efficient enough due to low productivity, since it does not allow growing green vegetables and green fodder on substrates (sapropel, peat, etc.), which improve the mineral nutrition of plants and contribute to increased productivity.

The technical result from the use of the utility model is to increase efficiency by increasing productivity through the use of substrates that improve the mineral nutrition of plants and increase yield.

This is achieved by the fact that it includes a device for the preparation of substrates containing a container for preparing a suspension and an ultrasonic bath.

As a result of a search conducted in scientific, technical and patent literature, an identical technical solution was not found, which proves the technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

The proposed installation contains a multi-tiered rack made in the form of racks 1 (Fig. 1), interconnected by transverse links 2. On the racks 1 are fixed partitions 3, dividing the rack into the upper vegetation chamber 4 and the lower vegetation chamber 5. Trays are placed on the transverse connections 2 - sprouts 6 made by net and retractable and equipped with plate knives, as well as frame 7 with irrigation tubes 8. In this case, pallets-germinators 6 are inserted on the front side, and frames 7 with irrigation tubes 8 are on the side of the rack but. In the upper vegetation chamber 4, on the racks 1, transparent covers 9 are fixed (Fig. 2) and a fan 10, lamps 11, heating devices 12, a drain pan 13 and a pressure-mixing tank 14 are placed. In the lower vegetation chamber 5, opaque covers are fixed on the racks 1 5 and placed the heating devices 12, the drain pan 16 and the container 17 for the nutrient solution, connected by a pipeline to the pump 18. In this case, the heating devices 12, located in the upper 4 and lower 5 vegetation chambers, are closed by lids 19 with thermal insulation,

and the drainage pallets 13 and 16 are interconnected by a sewage pipe 20. In the hydroponic installation, it is envisaged to grow green vegetables and green fodder on substrates that improve mineral nutrition (peat, sapropel, etc.). In this regard, the hydroponic unit includes a device for preparing substrates containing a container 21 for preparing a suspension and an ultrasonic bath 22. Vegetation chambers 4, 5 are equipped with instruments for monitoring and controlling temperature, humidity, composition of the gaseous medium, a meter for the concentration of nutrient solution and water level in the catchment pan 16 and the pressure-mixing tank 14. There is a pallet loading device. The hydroponic installation can be controlled manually or automatically.

Installation works as follows. The substrate is fed into a container 21 for preparing a suspension, and then into an ultrasonic bath 22, where it is dispersed and homogenized by using an ultrasonic field. In this case, the substrate is also disinfected and its acidity corrected. The prepared substrate is evenly distributed on the pallets-germinators 6, where then the planting (seed) material that has undergone preliminary processing is fed. Using the pallet loading device or manually, they are installed in the lower vegetation chamber 5 and kept there at a certain temperature and humidity for a predetermined period of time (usually a few days), which depends on the type and variety of culture, etc. the appearance of sprouts (shoots). After this period of time, these pallets-germinators 6 are rearranged in the upper vegetation chamber 4, and there the plants are grown to a given ripeness. The filling of the tiers of the upper vegetation chamber 4 can be carried out simultaneously or gradually in order to create a cyclical ripening of plants. Regularly, at predetermined time intervals, metered watering of planting material or green plants with clean water or nutrient solutions is performed,

which are prepared in concentrated form in the tank 17 and fed by the pump 18 to the pressure-mixing tank 14, where they are diluted with clean water to the specified concentrations, and then fed through pipelines passing through the heating devices 12 to the irrigation tubes 6. The dosed flow of water and solutions is regulated electromagnetic valve operating in a temporary mode. Excess irrigation water or nutrient solutions, usually in small quantities, flow into drainage pans 13 and 16, are filtered, enriched with mineral salts and fed back to watering plants, and if it is impossible to use them, they are discharged into the sewer system (after neutralization). The microclimate in the chambers is supported automatically by heating devices 12, an irrigation system 8, supply and exhaust fans 10, lighting devices 11 and heat-insulating fencing 19. The microclimate in the chambers is controlled and the mechanisms, devices and systems are controlled automatically or manually. Finished products (green vegetables, green fodder and sprouted seeds) are delivered to consumers in pallets of germinators or in cut and packaged form. Cutting of green plants is carried out by plate knives mounted on pallets-germinators.

Using the proposed installation can improve the productivity of year-round cultivation of green vegetables, as well as green food for animals and birds.

Claims (1)

A hydroponic installation comprising a multi-tiered rack divided by a partition into the upper and lower vegetation chambers and made in the form of racks interconnected by transverse ties, on which there are germinators made of mesh and pull-out and equipped with plate knives, as well as a frame with irrigation tubes, in the upper growing chamber on the racks, transparent covers are fixed and fans, lamps, heating devices, a drainage pan and a pressure-mixing tank are placed, and in the lower geta chamber on the racks fixed opaque covers and placed heating devices, a drainage pan and a container for nutrient solution, connected by a pipe to the pump, characterized in that it includes a device for preparing substrates containing a container for preparing a suspension and an ultrasonic bath.