RU65785U1 - SEPARATOR-DROP BATTERY FOR THIN GAS CLEANING FROM LIQUID - Google Patents

Abstract

In the separator-droplet separator, contact fenders are made in the form of longitudinal plates having an angle of inclination of 3 ... 5 degrees to the vertical; the device for introducing gas is made radially slotted, directing the gas flow towards the spherical surface, which is a natural atomizer of gas; the gas cooler is made in the form of longitudinal slots in the walls forming gas channels. Liquid droplets are not beaten off by a solid surface, but by a fluid that is related in properties, which makes it possible to increase the efficiency of gas purification from liquids, including wide fractions of light hydrocarbons from gas in vertical separators.

Description

The separator-droplet separator belongs to the oil and chemical engineering and can be used to purify gas from liquids, including the extraction and collection of droplets of wide fractions of light hydrocarbons (BFLH) from gas streams in the last stage of purification in oil and gas production, oil refining and petrochemicals.

Typical technical solutions are known for eliminating the entrainment of liquids from a separation apparatus, namely, that inertial, centrifugal, or combined separation devices are installed. More often, inertial chippers, as well as layers of a metal mesh, are used to isolate droplet suspension from a gas stream. Metal mesh is quickly clogged by mechanical impurities, so their use is limited. More effective louvered chippers. Such a chipper, made of corrugated sheets with fluid pockets, equipped with a drain pipe immersed in a water trap liquid to prevent gas leakage, is given in [1]. However, they only work effectively in horizontal separators. In vertical separators, the liquid before entering the pockets, due to the opposite flow of liquid and gas, is carried away by the gas flow, which greatly reduces the cleaning efficiency.

A known design of a separator-droplet separator [2], consisting of a cylindrical body, including inlet and outlet fittings, as well as internal chambers separated by a continuous removable partition and containing droplets, radiator and dispersant. A disadvantage of the separator-droplet separator is also the limitation of its use in a horizontal position. It cannot be used effectively as a vertical separator. In it, the vertical movement of gas flows,

which in the mass transfer process has a clear advantage over other types of movement, limits its use due to the entrainment of liquid droplets by the gas flow.

The proposed technical solution is aimed at improving the efficiency of gas purification from liquids, including wide fractions of light hydrocarbons from gas in vertical separators. For this purpose, in a separator-droplet separator containing a cylindrical body with fittings for input and output of products, a partition, two chambers, contact fenders, a gas cooler, characterized in that the contact fenders are made in the form of longitudinal plates having an inclination angle of 3. ..5 degrees to the vertical; the device for introducing gas is made radially slotted, directing the gas flow towards the spherical surface, which is a natural atomizer of gas; the gas cooler is made in the form of longitudinal slots in the walls forming channels for the passage of gas.

The separator-droplet separator (figure 1) consists of a vertical cylindrical body 1, which includes an inlet 2 and an outlet 3 fittings, an outlet nozzle for a liquid 4, a radially slotted gas flow distributor 5, a partition 6 with a spherical surface, a condensate collector 7. Walls 8 of the plates form vertically tapering crevices 9, providing a uniform distribution of gas into compartments 10, formed by alternating shelves 11 with pockets 12 for drainage of trapped fluid. The wall of each compartment contains a gas passage part in the form of longitudinal slots 13 and a gas outlet part 14 in the form of a flat surface (see a fragment of the channel wall between the partitions, figure 1). The condensate drain into the condensate collector takes place along the drain channel 15.

The principle of operation of the separator is as follows. Gas with a residual content of broad fractions of light hydrocarbons, which are also mainly in a gaseous state and partially in the form of a liquid dispersed in the gas stream, enters the separator housing 1 through the inlet 2. When passing through the radial-slotted distributor 5, gas and

the liquid in it is mutually split, which leads to an increase in the interfacial surface and acceleration of the mass transfer process, and to achieve the equilibrium state of the system, i.e. their more complete separation from each other. Part of the gas is directed towards the spherical septum 6, fending off from which it leaves liquid BFLH components on the surface. Liquid droplets that have fallen off the gas flow into the condensate collector 7, and the gas is dispersed, which contributes to the uniform distribution of the gas flow over the separator cross section.

Next, the gas is directed into the crevice 9 between the walls 8, simultaneously falling into all compartments 10 formed between alternating shelves 11 with pockets for liquid 12. When passing through the longitudinal slots 13 in the channel wall, the gas loses some of its pressure and cools, thus separating from its composition of BFLH in the form of a liquid. When passing through the labyrinths of the channel, the two-component flow repeatedly collides with the baffle wall 13, on which the liquid phase is adsorbed and flows into the pockets for liquid 12 as it accumulates. Moreover, due to the slight inclination (3-5 °) of the walls 8, the paths of the liquid and gas flow diverge , which excludes their mutual ablation. The liquid along the inclined planes of the drain shelves 11 fall into the drainage channel, and then into the condensate collector 7 and is periodically discharged by the level to the drainage tank.

The separator uses natural gas cooling, which contributes to the creation of thermodynamic conditions for the liquefaction of gaseous propane-butane fractions, as well as to restore the adsorption capacity of the mass transfer walls. When gas passes through slits in the walls, its pressure decreases, leading to the Joule-Thomson effect and cooling of the gas and walls. Therefore, the efficiency of adsorption and capture of wide fractions of light hydrocarbons does not decrease over time. Moreover, on the inclined surface of the walls, a thickness of the liquid flowing into the pockets is formed, sufficient so that the fine liquid droplets are beaten off by a non-solid surface

plates, and a fluid similar in properties, which contributes to a deeper cleaning of the gas from the liquid.

Example. Determine the daily mass of the wide fractions of light hydrocarbons that are beaten in the separator-droplet separator from the gas entering the low-pressure flare line. The gas composition is shown in table 1. The gas density at 20 ° C, ρ = 1.94 kg / m ³ .

Table 1 - gas component composition Gas components The content of gas components mass% mol% Methane 1,846 5,367 Ethane 10,929 16,944 Propane 42,593 45,038 Iso butane 7,984 6,404 N-butane 20,600 16,525 Iso-pentanes 4,633 3,001 N-pentane 5,124 3,311 Iso-hexanes 2,400 1,311 N-hexane 1,137 0.615 Iso-heptanes 1,085 0.511 N-heptane 0.342 0.159 Iso-octanes 0.552 0.225 N-octane 0.130 0,053 Residue C ₉₊ 0.341 0.124 The amount of NGL in the gas,% 86,921

Under the existing thermodynamic conditions, C ₃ + are in a liquid state, while ethane and methane remain in a gaseous state. Then, with 100 m ^{3 of} gas with a density of 1.94 kg / m ³ it is possible to extract and collect 168 kg of condensate, which can be seen from the following calculation:

Literature

1. Machines and equipment for chemical production: Textbook for high schools / II Ponikarov, OA Perelygin, VN Doronin, MG Gainullin. - M.: Mechanical Engineering, 1989.368 s.

2. Separator-droplet eliminator. Patent RU 2236889 C1. 7B01 45/00, 45/06. 09/27/2004 Bull. Number 27.

Claims (3)

1. Separator-droplet separator for fine cleaning gas from liquid, containing a cylindrical body with fittings for input and output of products, a partition, two chambers, contact fenders, gas cooler, characterized in that the contact fenders are made in the form of longitudinal plates having an angle tilt 3 - 5 ° to the vertical. 2. The separator-droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the device for introducing gas is made radially slotted, directing the gas flow towards a spherical surface, which is a natural gas atomizer. 3. The separator-droplet separator according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas cooler is made in the form of longitudinal slots in the walls forming channels for gas.