RU65581U1 - WIND POWER PLANT - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to wind power plants and can be used in the energy and heat supply of country estates. The technical essence of the utility model is that a wind power installation containing a tower base and a tower movable with two consoles on it with multi-blade wind wheels on the tower is provided with tracks on the tower base, the tower with consoles are separated by internal voids, the consoles are provided with hinges and an adjustable tensioner, and multi-blade the wind wheels are equipped with a rotary (for blades) device. Feasibility or other efficiency. Increase of wind energy use coefficient in medium and light winds.

Description

The utility model relates to wind power plants and can be used in the energy and heat supply of country estates.

The well-known wind power plant VEA-30-300 with two rotary blades (Yu.S. Vasilyev N.I. Khrisanov "Ecology of the use of renewable energy sources" Leningrad Publishing House of the Leningrad University 1991 pp 251-252), allowing to expand the range of wind use from Vnom = 12 m / s to V = 5 m / s and to V = 25-30 m / s.

The disadvantages of the first model: - constructive size limitation (the complexity of the rotation of the blades); with a decrease in wind speed from Vnom = 12 m / s, a corresponding decrease in the frequency of rotation of the wind wheel and, accordingly, the coefficient of utilization of wind flow energy.

The objective of the proposed proposed utility model is to create a wind power installation that uses a good coefficient of energy from medium and weak winds and structurally able to have large sizes.

The technical essence of the utility model is that a wind power installation containing a tower base and a tower movable with two consoles on it with multi-blade wind wheels on the tower is provided with a cylindrical hole and tracks on the tower base, the tower is equipped with a centering tube and legs equipped with skis and hydraulic cylinders, the tower with consoles divided by internal voids, consoles are equipped with hinges and an adjustable device, and multi-blade wind wheels are equipped with rotary (for blades) devices.

The cylindrical hole and the centering tube enable the skis on the tower legs to move exactly along the circular path, and together they give the tower stability against tipping over. The tracks also make it possible for the hydraulic cylinder rods to abut against them creating a large pusher turning force

a tower in one or the other direction (focusing on the wind). The voids inside the tower and consoles make it possible to fill the tower with wind wheels along the entire height and install the wind wheels on two-axle axles, reducing their weight, facilitate assembly and installation, and rigidly connect the two parts of the tower and consoles with axes (rigid connection is also at the bottom and top above and for) wind wheels.

The swivel connection of the consoles to the tower and the adjustable tensioner allow the consoles with wind wheels rotating at their ends (on fixed axes) to increase the wind speed above the nominal angle at an angle to the plane of the wind flow, reducing pressure on the blades and the tower, and in case of ultra-light the parallel consoles of the wind flow ensure a complete stop wind wheel and minimum pressure.

The rotary device of the blades makes it possible to expand the range of winds used, in case of winds exceeding the nominal one, to reduce pressure on the wind wheel and the tower, in case of super winds to stop the wind wheel with a minimum of pressure on the entire structure.

In figure 1. depicts a wind power plant in general; figure 2. the base of the tower; figure 3. reference track; figure 4. lower part of the turret; figure 5. rotary device of the blades; in Fig.6. locking screw drive wheel; in Fig.7. ring for turning the blades.

The proposed wind power installation consists of (figure 1): - the base of the tower 1 with a track (2) (figure 2) for sliding support skis (8) (figure 4); with supporting tracks (6) (Fig. 3) for power hydraulic cylinders (7) mounted on the legs (9) of the tower, in the center there is a cylindrical hole (4) for the centering tube (10) of the tower; removable brackets (5) for swiveling with the brackets (11) (figure 4) of the tower; - a movable tower (12) (Fig. 1) on supporting skis (8) (Fig. 4) with consoles (13) (Fig. 1) pivotally mounted on a tower with braces (14), with traction ropes (15) to the control a device (16) with traction drums with electric brakes driven by an electric motor (through a reducer on the lower frame (17), with wind wheels (18) on the axles (20), with additional braces (21) from the axes of the lower and upper wind wheels to the frame (17 ), with a central guide tube (10) on the frame (17), - wind wheels (18) (Fig. 1) (Fig. 5) on the axes (20) of the tower (12) rigidly fastened to the brackets (22) with a hub (23) ) wind okoles, with blades (24) in the hub spokes fixed by covers (25) and clamping screws (26), with a gear (27) rotating the accelerator gear (28), with a gear wheel (29) rigidly fastened with an axle (20) to drive the box speeds fixed on the hub spokes through the gear (30) on the splined shaft (31); with gear (32) on the shaft from the gearbox with wheel drive (33) (Fig. 5) (Fig. 6) on the hub, with spring-loaded toothed segments (34) two drive gear heads of screws (26); with gear (35) on the shaft from the gearbox to drive the ring (36) (Fig. 5) (Fig. 7) on the pins (37) of the turning blade (24).

Assembly of the rotary part of the installation from ready-made assemblies and parts on the ground (on supports) using a serial truck crane (such as Ivanovets).

Installation on the base (1) using the same crane and two winches. A truck crane raises the lower part of the installation to the articulation of the brackets (5) (figure 2) and (11) (figure 4), then the truck crane raises the front part to a height when it can be pulled by a winch, the winch on the other hand keeps the installation from falling. (The rig is installed in the same way by two tractors, but there is less weight, less effort). After installation on the base, the brackets (5) are removed.

Positioning the tower in the wind with two hydraulic cylinders (7) (Fig. 3) mounted on opposite legs (9) (Fig. 4), whose rods abut against the supporting part of the track (6) (Fig. 2) (Fig. 3), when the rod retracts, then it slides along the track. To the other side, two other hydraulic cylinders on two other legs, abutting in another circular path with a different direction of the ledges: the tower (12) (Fig. 1) rests with its legs (9) (Fig. 4) on skis (8) that slide along smooth concrete path (2) of the base (1);

the accuracy of the circular motion is ensured by the pipe (10) (on the tower) rotating in the corresponding cylindrical hole (4) of the base (1) (figure 2).

Positioning the wind wheels on the consoles (13) (Fig. 1) as follows: - the perpendicularity of the plane of rotation of the wind wheels to the wind flow is ensured by pulling the traction ropes (15) (Fig. 1) of the consoles (13) until they stop against the tower with drums (16) (Fig. .4) driven by an engine through a gearbox, and held in position by electric brakes on the drums; - another extreme position (parallel) to the plane of the blades of the wind flow, when the wind wheel stops and the pressure on it and on the console minimally releasing the ropes to the stop of the consoles in the stops of the tower; intermediate positions with rope drive, and holding in this position by electric brakes; in these positions, the wind wheel perceives part of the wind flow, the other slides along it and the pressure decreases accordingly (such positioning has an analogy in small wind power, but there are smaller sizes and efforts and turning in a different plane).

The rotation mechanism of the blades works when the wind wheel rotates. To do this, on a fixed axis (20) (Fig. 5), a wheel (29) with a gear rim is fixedly fixed, when (during rotation) a gear (30) engages (moving along the splined shaft), it will roll over the teeth crown and spline shaft (31) to transmit rotation to the gearbox mounted on the spokes of the hub (23) of the wind wheel. The gearbox has two output shafts with gears with rotation transmission in one or the other direction. The gear (32) is engaged with the gear wheel (33), and the wheel has articulated spring-loaded gear segments (34) (FIG. 6) meshed with the gear head of the locking screw (26) (FIG. 5, FIG. 6 ) When the gear drive (32) is turned on, the segments (34) rotate the screws in one direction or another (depending on the inclusion), and they can be twisted unevenly, so the articulated and spring-loaded segment of the first screw is raised and slides along the teeth.

When the locking screws (26) are loosened, the axis of the blades (24) can rotate in the spokes of the hub (23) (Fig. 5) (the caps (25) hold them from longitudinal movement) and for this purpose a toothed ring (36) rotates on the pins (37) (FIG. 5, FIG. 6), toothed segments attached to the ring (36) are engaged with gear segments fixed to the axes of the blades (24); when the gear shaft (35) is turned on, it rotates the ring (37), and the ring rotates the blade (24) by gearing of segments, after which the previous described mechanism stops the axis of the blade. Since the blade rotates 90 ° (maximum), the segment on the axis is not much more than a quarter of the circumference of the axis of the blade and the corresponding segment on the ring.

The three upper four-blade wind turbines - with a high coefficient of wind energy use of 8–9 m / s (a fairly common upper limit in forecasts for lived-in Russia), while with a speed comparable to VEA-30-300, the rotational speed will be about half as low; at the same time, a high coefficient with an increase in wind speed will be preserved until the blades (consoles) begin to turn, then its decrease will be compensated by the increasing power of the wind flow, while with a decrease in wind speed the speed of rotation of the wind wheels will decrease and the coefficient of use of wind energy will also decrease accordingly . Therefore, the lower wind wheel of 6-10-lobed (depending on the terrain) makes good use of weak winds with a corresponding decrease in rotation speed; at the same time, the blades are rigidly fixed on the hub, since the wind flow of the lower part is weaker and the overturning moment is minimal (even with strong winds). For different conditions, you can use a set of windwheels of different diameters from D = 15 m to 30 m (if more, then there are structural difficulties, if less, then economic feasibility). At the same time, a set of 2 wind turbines D = 15 m and 2 D = 20 m gives a sweeping area of 960 sq.m. (D = 15 m - Fobmet = 170 mkv; D = 20 m - 310 m;) against 700 sq. M. (at D = 30 m). Wind wheels have the ability to scatter "windworm", but the proposed model of speed

the rotation is not great, and the winds are limited, moreover, in the places of convergence you can put guide walls. On the hubs (23) of the windwheel (18) (Fig. 1), gears (27) (Fig. 5) are fixed, gears (28) being in engagement with them transmit rotation to accelerating boxes mounted on the tower. From the boxes with the transmission shafts, the rotation is transmitted to the engine room located on the lower frame (17) (Fig. 4). In the hall, the rotation is transmitted to the variators, from them to the flywheels and from them to the electric generators. Which can be two (for weak and medium winds) or three (also for strong winds).

In the proposed model, electric generators operate in stationary conditions, so instead of them you can put serial asynchronous electric motors, (reducing the cost of installation).

Feasibility or other efficiency.

1. Increasing the utilization of wind flow energy in medium and light winds by one tower by filling the height of the tower and increasing the number of blades on the wheels.

2. The use of strong winds due to the rotation of the blades on the wheels.

Claims (3)

1. A wind power installation comprising a tower base and a tower movable with two consoles with multi-blade wind wheels on the tower, characterized in that the tower base is provided with a cylindrical hole for the centering tube, a track on the base of the tower for sliding the supporting skis of the tower legs, support tracks for power hydraulic cylinders, fixed on the legs of the tower. 2. Wind power installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the tower consoles are provided with hinges and an adjustable device having traction drums with electric brakes, driven by an electric motor. 3. Wind power installation according to claim 1, characterized in that the multi-blade wind wheels are equipped with rotary devices for the blades.