RU60516U1 - DEVICE FOR PRODUCING HIGH-TEMPERATURE MINERAL MELTS - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to electrothermal and can be used to produce high-temperature mineral and other melts in the production of various fibers with heat and sound insulation properties and used in construction, engineering and other industries and solves the problem of creating a device for energy-saving, environmentally friendly, high-performance and a reliable method for producing high-temperature (up to 2000 degrees C) mineral melts with a wide range of application of the initial mineral th raw material - from fine dust and up to 25 mm fractions charge, including screenings of mining. 4. The device comprises a housing coated with refractory material, closed on top by a lid with an opening for loading the charge, the side walls of the housing have horizontal openings for free movement of the electrodes. On the outside of the casing, water-cooled bushings, each installed on its own foundation, are adjacent to the horizontal holes for the electrodes, and the ends of the bushings are in close contact with the side walls. Inside the melting chamber, formed by the inner surfaces of the casing and the electrodes, a L-shaped tube of heat-resistant material is placed for sampling, homogenizing and draining the melt. The cross-sectional area of the electrodes is comparable with the cross-sectional area of the melting chamber, and the electrodes themselves are advanced into the melting chamber at a distance of not more than 50 mm from the end of the electrode to the wall of the melting chamber. The device case together with water-cooled bushings is placed on a portable metal tray for a sharp reduction in the overhaul cycle.

Description

The invention relates to electrothermics and can be used to produce mineral and other melts in the production of various fibers with heat and sound insulation properties and used in construction, engineering and other industries.

According to the method of melt charge, technologies are divided into gas-plasma, electric-arc, coke, high-frequency, plasma and combined.

A known installation for producing mineral fiber, in which a plasmatron is used to form a melt, is connected to a single unit with a rectangular plasma reactor with an opening for introducing raw materials in the upper part and an opening for exiting the fiber and plasma jet in the lower one (Pat. RF No. 2021217, C 03 B 37/06, 10/15/1994).

There is also known a method for producing basalt fiber by plasma heating (US Pat. RF No. 2035409, C 03 B 37/04, 05.20.1995), according to which rods from mineral raw materials are pushed onto the plasma cord from opposite sides. Under the influence of low-temperature plasma, the edges of the rods are melted.

However, the disadvantage of this method is the complex design of the used plasma reactor, its relatively low productivity, high fire hazard.

Closest to the claimed is a method and device for producing mineral fiber (Pat. RF №2211193, 03 B 37/06, 08/27/2003).

The mineral mixture is melted by continuously feeding it into the stabilized volume of the plasma reactor with subsequent flow of the formed melt along the water-cooled tray into the storage volume for further technological operations.

The disadvantages of the described method and device are the relatively low specific productivity (kW / h per 1 kg of charge) and the complexity of the device for the flow of the melt.

The invention solves the problem of creating a reliable and safe device for implementing an energy-saving, environmentally friendly, high-performance method for producing high-temperature mineral melt.

The problem is solved by creating the design of a device for producing high-temperature (up to 2000 degrees C) mineral melt with a wide range of application of the initial mineral raw materials - from fine dusty and up to 25 mm charge fractions, including screenings of mining.

The body of the device is made of refractory material (fireclay brick), inside of which there is a melting chamber made of bakor plates (up to 50 mm) with an operating temperature of up to 2000 degrees C or of other lining materials. The casing is closed from above with a refractory reinforced lid with a hole.

Water-cooled bushings mounted on separate foundations are adjacent to the left and right to the housing. The bushings serve to guide the electrodes (+ and -) while cooling them, as well as to seal the melting chamber. The side walls of the casing have horizontal holes, the diameter of which slightly exceeds the diameter of the electrodes freely entering these holes, and the electrodes are extended into the melting chamber to a distance not exceeding 50 mm from the end of the electrode to the wall of the melting chamber and form an interelectrode energy volume.

A L-shaped tube of heat-resistant material is mounted inside the melting chamber, the vertical part of which is in the interelectrode energy volume, and the horizontal part is located at the boundary of the melt level and is designed to drain the melt and control its design level.

The device was created on the principle of volumetric ohmic heating of mineral raw materials (charge) with high-temperature selection of the melt by the vertical part of the specified tube for the purpose of homogenization (uniformity)

it and with subsequent horizontal discharge, which determines the calculated level in the melting chamber.

The cross section of the electrodes (+ and -) is calculated and constructively selected from the condition of decreasing by an order of magnitude the nominal specific rated current loads and the formation of a significant interelectrode energy volume for intensive and uniform volume heating of the charge in the melting chamber, while the cross-sectional area of the electrodes is comparable with the cross-sectional area of the melting chamber.

The housing of the device is co-located with the indicated bushings with their foundations on a portable metal pallet.

The device is equipped with a digital programmable power source and a reverse cooling system (up to 0.1 m ³ / h). The device is designed for melt productivity up to 1500 t / year with its weight of 750 kg.

The device consists of a housing 1, the outer part of which is made of refractory material 2 (see Figs. 1 and 2). Inside the housing 1 there is a melting chamber 3, consisting of enclosing lateral bacor walls 4, the bottom 5.

On top of the housing 1 is closed by a cover 6 with an opening for passage of the charge into the melting chamber 3.

The side walls 7 (outer 2 and inner 4) have common horizontal holes 8 for free movement of the electrodes (+) 9 and (-) 10, which form the interelectrode energy volume 11, water-cooled bushings 12 are adjacent to the side walls 7 from the outside to the horizontal walls of the electrodes , the ends of which are in close contact with the side walls 7, mounted on their foundations 13. Inside the melting chamber 3 is a L-shaped tube 14 of heat-resistant material.

The housing 1 with the bushings 12 and the foundations 13 is placed on a portable metal pallet 15 with a wiring external refractory material 2.

The principle of operation of the device is as follows.

The device on the pallet 15 is installed on the production platform (not shown in Fig.) With the connection of the systems:

- power supply from a power source (not shown in Fig.)

- reverse water supply to the cooled bushings 12.

The electrodes 9 and 10 are inserted into the water-cooled sleeves 12 and are installed (manually) for stable ignition so that their ends extend relative to the lateral side walls 4 of the melting chamber 3 for:

- limitation of energy dissipation;

- saving of electrodes (consumption up to 1.5 kg per 1 ton of production).

Next, the mixture is pre-filled through the hole in the cover 6 into the interelectrode energy volume 11.

After ignition, the charge is forcibly dosed into the melting chamber.

As the calculated melt level in the melting chamber 3 is reached, the tube 14 is heated up intensively, and the resulting melt fills small annular gaps in the holes 8 and when the melt reaches the inner side of the external refractory body 2, it solidifies due to mechanical cooling by the sleeve 12 of the outer side of the specified body 2, this creates a reliable seal of the melting chamber 3. With further dosing of the charge, the excess melt rises along the vertical and then horizontal parts of the L-shaped oh tube 14 and is discharged for processing to obtain products.

As the overhaul cycle is developed, a regular replacement of the device is made with the setting of another on an operational platform (not shown. In Fig.) With the overflow of the remaining melt.

Some advantages of the proposed device over analogues.

1. The horizontally located electrodes in the outer guides of the water cooling sleeves, the ends of which are in close contact with the side walls of the device, reliably seal the melting chamber, reducing its vertical size by no less than 15%.

2. The use of an oversized electrode cross section with a corresponding reduction in unit typical loads, together with a L-shaped tube mounted in the interelectrode energy volume and the use of a digital programmable power supply, provide:

- a stable process of homogenization of the melt;

- reduced consumption of electrodes per unit of production by at least 10%;

- reducing the operating temperature of the walls of the melting chamber by at least 200 ° C, which allows to increase the overhaul cycle of the device by at least 20%;

- reduction of the cross section of the melting chamber by at least 15%;

- programmed mode of ignition, not exceeding 25-30 minutes against 2-3 hours in similar devices;

- obtaining a controlled high-temperature melt in the range up to 2000 ° C.

3. The use of one type of energy carrier with a minimum energy consumption of up to 0.6-0.8 kW per 1 kg of charge versus energy expended up to 10 and more kW for analogs and up to 20 kW using gas technology.

4. The large specific productivity per unit volume of the melting chamber exceeds these indicators for analogues from 4 to 15 times.

5. The device does not require large labor costs when incorporating into various existing technologies (gas, electrode, etc.), including and in the organization of mobile production based on autonomous energy conservation (with a capacity of 250 kW).

6. The device mounted on a portable metal pallet reduces the overhaul period and increases the annual time fund by at least 70-100 days with an increased annual output of up to 30%.

7. High operational reliability with an environmentally friendly melting process allows you to organize production in residential areas.

Claims (3)

1. A device for producing high-temperature mineral melts containing a melting chamber and carbon electrodes, characterized in that it contains a housing coated with refractory material, closed on top by a lid with a hole for loading the charge, the side walls of the housing have horizontal openings whose diameter exceeds the diameter of the electrodes for of their free movement, water-cooled bushings mounted on the foundation are adjacent to the horizontal holes on the outside of the housing to the horizontal holes x, wherein the ends of the sleeves close contact with the side walls and located inside the melting chamber T-tube heat-resistant material for the fence, the melt homogenisation and drain, wherein the sectional area of the electrodes is comparable to the cross-sectional area of the melting chamber. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the electrodes are advanced into the melting chamber at a distance not exceeding 50 mm from the end of the electrode to the wall of the melting chamber. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the housing of the device together with water-cooled bushings is placed on a portable metal tray.