RU55806U1 - COMBINED MONOLITHIC UNCRILLED COVERING FROM INTEGRATED REINFORCED CONCRETE ELEMENTS FOR FRAME BUILDINGS - Google Patents

Abstract

Utility models are designed for prefabricated reinforced concrete elements with a heat-insulating layer of the bearing ceiling over the cold underground or for the cold attic of various frame buildings. The essence of utility models is that: - according to option 1, the basement continuous slab forms three-layer randbalks (crossbars) freely supported on the foundations with the help of box tables and plates with flexible ties, the upper bearing layer with open horizontal grooves along the upper and side faces, which combined by grooved layers of monolithic reinforced concrete and continuous diamond-shaped concrete keys along the contour of the slabs; - according to option 2, the attic, bezel-free continuous cut, is formed by three-layer plates with flexible connections, the lower supporting layer of which is directly supported on the ends of the columns and the supporting tables of the wall panels in the corners and is malleably fixed to them by means of bolts-fixers passed into the embedded parts, the bearing layers of the plates are combined layers of monolithic reinforced concrete laid in grooves on the upper and lateral faces and patch plates welded to embedded parts with filling the grooves along the contour with thermal liners.

Description

The utility model is intended for installation in frame buildings of ceilings over the cold underground and for the cold attic of monolithic prefabricated elements with a heat-insulating layer (complex).

Known designs of basement and attic ceilings of frame buildings from prefabricated reinforced concrete slabs supported on grillages or foundation beams, beams or walls, on top of which a layer of heat-insulating material with a protective multilayer coating is laid [1, 2].

The disadvantage of such overlappings is the low factory availability, busyness and high complexity of the device, rigid fastening of the plates in the support nodes with a limited load-bearing capacity of the insulation layer.

Also known is the construction of the basement for buildings in the North, consisting of a bearing steel beam cage with steel flooring, directly rigidly fixed to the grillages of pile foundations, a suspended welded pallet filled with heat-insulating materials and with an upper protective layer of cast concrete [3].

The disadvantages of this design, along with the increased complexity of its manufacture directly at the construction site, are significant efforts from thermal deformations, low fire resistance and the presence of numerous "cold bridges".

To eliminate these drawbacks, simplify the design, increase durability, operational reliability and heat insulation quality with a significant reduction in construction complexity, two variants of a useful model of a precast-monolithic base and (or) attic floor are proposed in the form of a continuous bezelless disk made of flat three-layer plates, including a bearing, heat-insulating and enclosing layers and differing only in the position of the bearing layer and the method of its support, respectively, on the heads of the foundations, count LV wall panels.

The first version of the utility model.

Figure 1 presents the basement precast-monolithic overlap - the installation plans of the elements and layers of monolithic (a), section along the block

floors (b), where indicated: 1 - complex randbalka (crossbar); 2 - three-layer plate; 3 - layers of monolithic reinforced concrete; 4 - headings of the foundations.

Figure 2 shows the nodes of the pair of integrated basement slabs with a crossbar (a), an adjacent plate (b) and a foundation (c), where are indicated: 1, 2, 3, 4 - see figure 1; 5 - a warming layer; 6 - a protective layer; 7 - the upper bearing layer; 8 - a rectangular groove; 9 - a triangular groove; 10 - box table; 11 - flexible communication; 12 - reinforcing welded mesh; 15 - connecting sheet; 16 - a clamp; 17 - sealant.

Basement includes: prefabricated three-layer randbalks (crossbars) 1 with insulation 5 and enclosing 6 layers and three-layer plates 2 with an upper bearing layer 7, equipped with an open rectangular groove 8 along the contour of the upper face, a triangular groove 9 along the side faces and located along the contour of the overlap compartment, and embedded parts in the corners with box support tables 10 attached to them with a height equal to or greater than the total thickness of the insulating 5 and enclosing 6 layers of the plate 2, connected to its carrier layer 7 by means of flexible connections 1 1, filling slots 8 and 9 of the slabs 2 cross layers of cast concrete 3 reinforced with flat welded nets 12, which combine the prefabricated elements into a continuous beam-free floor, freely supported on foundations 4 with support tables 10 and connecting sheets 15 with fixing pins 16, and also on the console of the beam (girders) 1 protruding part of the bearing layers of the plates 7 along the contour of the compartment (figure 2, a).

The combined work of precast slabs is ensured by the transmission of tensile forces in non-supporting zones due to the adhesion of monolithic and precast reinforced concrete and the formation of diamond-shaped concrete dowels on the lateral faces receiving shear forces.

The lower edges of all elements are protected from low temperatures by a continuous layer of insulation 5, covered with a protective layer 6 on flexible connections 11.

The location of the carrier layer 7 on top of the complex plates allows you to place significant concentrated loads and embedded parts for fastening the equipment on them.

To transmit support reactions without loading the insulation, the randballs, crossbars and plates are equipped with box-shaped tables 10, the cavities of which are filled with insulation 6, which eliminates the formation of cold bridges (Fig. 2, c). When installing the plates on the foundations 4, they are fixed in the design position by passing the latches 16 through the holes in the lower plate of the supporting table 10.

All vertical seams between the overlapping elements, free of cast concrete, are filled with polymer sealant 17.

The second option is a utility model.

Figure 3 presents the attic precast-monolithic overlap - installation plans of three-layer plates with layers of termination and thermal liners (a), a section along the block of overlap (b), where are indicated: 2 - three-layer plate; 3 - layers of monolithic reinforced concrete; 18 - embedded part; 19 - thermal insert; 20 - column; SP - wall panel.

Figure 4 shows the nodes of the attic complex plates with panels of the outer walls ("A") and columns ("B"), where are indicated: 2 ... 20 - see figures 1, 2, 3; 21 - a lock bolt; 22 - patch plate; 23 - a supporting table of the panel.

The attic floor includes:

- precast three-layer slabs 2 with a lower bearing layer 7, provided with a triangular groove 9 along the side faces and embedded parts in the corners 18, provided with channels for passing the fixing bolts 21 through the patch plate 22 so that pliable fixing of the plates 2 on the columns 20 and supporting tables 23 wall panels, as well as a layer of effective insulation 5 laid on the upper edge and a reinforced concrete cladding layer 6 connected by flexible connections 11;

- cross layers of monolithic concrete 3 reinforced with nets 12, laid along the contour of the insulation 5 of slabs 2 and providing, due to the coupling of precast and monolithic concrete, their joint work in the continuous disk of the attic floor, while transferring part of the tensile forces also through patch plates welded to the corner embedded parts 18 22, and shear forces through diamond-shaped concrete keys in grooves 9;

- laid in open grooves along the contour of the plates, two-layer blocks of thermal liners 19 of those connected to the adhesive or pins of the plate insulation 5 and the enclosing layer 6.

The location of the carrier layer 7 at the bottom of the complex plates provides a rigid combination of the vertical frame elements (columns and wall panels) at the level of the attic floor and its tightness after being monitored for penetration of moisture or condensate from the cold attic. The seams between the elements of the insulation of the plates and liners are filled with polymer sealant 17.

In order to reduce the complexity and time of construction and installation work in the absence of additional loads, it is possible to exclude the device of cross layers of monolithic reinforced concrete 3. Connection of the lower load-bearing elements 7 three-layer plates 2 attic floors

can be done by welding to their corner embedded parts 18 of the overhead plates 22 and filling concrete with only triangular grooves 9.

The use of integrated three-layer plates to create the enclosing structures of the basement and attic floors in the form of a continuous prefabricated-monolithic disk with an internal bearing layer provides increased fire protection and fire resistance of the building.

References:

1. Guide to the construction of permafrost. Stroyizdat, Leningrad, 1977.

2. Reinforced concrete floor structures over cold ventilated undergrounds of single-storey and multi-storey industrial buildings for construction in permafrost areas. Typical designs, series 1.440 - 3 m / 92.

3. Arrangement of the Zapolyarnoye gas and oil condensate field. Industrial base in the village of Tazovsky. Foundations and foundations, inv. No. 18731 "Foundationproject", M., 1994.

Claims (3)

1. The construction of the basement and attic floors of frame buildings, characterized in that it is made in the form of a multi-span continuous continuous precast-monolithic disk of flat complex elements, including the bearing, heat-insulating and protective layers. 2. The basement according to claim 1 of three-layer crossbars and slabs with flexible connections, characterized in that only the upper load-bearing layers of prefabricated composite plates that are connected to each other laid on the object reinforced on the object, are freely supported on the base ends and on the console of the crossbars along the contour of the compartments monolithic concrete, which is filled with open horizontal grooves of a rectangular section arranged along the contour of the upper face of the plates and grooves of a triangular section on their side faces so that the resulting continuous disk is freely supported on undations with box tables in the corners of the plates. 3. The attic floor according to claim 1 from three-layer plates with flexible connections, characterized in that their bearing layers are located downward, supported directly on the column heads and supporting tables of wall panels, pliably fixed using embedded parts located in the corners and omitted in vertical channels fixing bolts supporting the lower layers of the plates are connected to each other laid in rectangular grooves along the contour of the upper face and in triangular grooves on the side faces with monolithic concrete with horizontal reinforcement placed in it d, as well as overhead plates welded in the corners so that they form a continuous multi-span disc, in the horizontal grooves along the contour of the insulating and protective layers of the plates, two-layer thermal liners are laid on top of the monolithic layer - to ensure uniform thermal protection over the entire overlap area.