RU33020U1 - ANTI-GAS BOX - Google Patents

Description

Gas box

The utility model relates to personal respiratory protection from organic vapors (benzene, toluene, cyclohexane, etc.), acid gases and vapors (sulfur dioxide, hydrogen chloride, hydrogen fluoride, etc.), sulfur hydride, ammonia or from organic vapors, inorganic (chlorine, sulfur hydride, hydrogen cyan, etc.) and acid gases and vapors, ammonia, as well as aerosols.

Known gas mask box GP-7k TU G-10-I 04-82, Elektrostal containing a housing, bottom, mesh, dust swab, aerosol filter and carbon adsorbent-catalyst with compounds of copper, chromium, silver and triethylenediamine RU No. 2108149, cl . BO1J20 / 20, СО1В31 / 08, 02.20.1997, providing protection against toxic substances (chlorocyan, phosgene, sarin, etc.), organic vapors, inorganic and acid gases and vapors, aerosols.

The disadvantage of the GP-7k box is the lack of protection from ammonia and the insufficiently high protective time for inorganic and acid gases and vapors.

Known absorbent box of small size 1ShF-95M brand KD JSC "Himconverse Industrial personal protective equipment for respiratory and skin. Catalog. Moscow, 1997, p. 11, 19, similar in design to the GP-7k box and containing a housing, a bottom, nets, an anti-dust swab and a carbon adsorbent absorber with copper sulfate. This box protects against ammonia and sulfur hydride.

The disadvantage of the PP-95M box of the KD brand is the inability to absorb inorganic (except sulfur hydride) and acid gases and vapors.

2001117952

MKIA62V23 / 02

an anti-dust swab, a two-layer charge comprising an adsorbent layer based on activated carbon with copper and chromium compounds KS Catalyst according to TU 2178-006-05795731-99, Perm and an adsorbent layer based on activated carbon with nickel chloride Chemical absorbent HPA-N according to TU 616-3125-91, Elektrostal. The well-known gas box is produced according to TU 6-00-05795731-252-96 "Absorbing box of small size and a set of drawings of aircraft 13339.00.00 BC, Perm. The volume ratio of the layers in this box is 1: 1. Known box protects against organic vapors, inorganic and acid gases and vapors, toxic substances, ammonia.

The disadvantages of the absorbing box of small dimensions of the VK brand are the insufficiently high time of the protective action, the sequential fixation of each layer with the use of a grid to separate the layers when equipping the box, the increased complexity of equipment.

The authors were faced with the task of developing a gas mask for absorbing organic vapors, acid gases and vapors, sulfur hydride, ammonia and for absorbing organic vapors, inorganic and acid gases and vapors, ammonia with a sufficiently high protective time, with and without aerosol protection .

The result is achieved by the fact that:

1 The gas mask box, including the body, bottom, nets, dust swab, contains a mixture of a mechanical mixture of two adsorbents taken in a volume ratio of 1: (0.8-1.2), respectively: the first is based on activated carbon with copper oxides and / or alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium and the second - based on activated carbon with nickel chloride and / or copper sulfate.

2 The gas mask box additionally contains an aerosol filter.

Figure 1 presents a variant of the gas box without aerosol filter. In FIG. 2 shows a variant of a gas mask box with an aerosol filter.

Gas box works as follows.

When inhaling, air through the hole in the bottom 2 enters the inside of the gas box. After passing through the aerosol filter 5 and the charge 6, fixed in the housing 1 by the nets 3, and also through the dust swab 4, the air is cleaned and through the threaded neck of the housing enters the mask space of the front of the gas mask and is used for breathing.

The difference between the proposed gas mask box from the known one is that:

- a mechanical mixture of adsorbents taken in a volume ratio of 1 (0.8-1.2) is used as a charge;

- the first adsorbent in addition to copper oxides or instead of them contains alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium;

- as a component interchangeable with nickel chloride or in addition to it, copper sulfate is used;

The gas mask box additionally contains an aerosol filter.

An adsorbent containing activated carbon, alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium (oxides, hydroxides, carbonates) in a box provides absorption of organic vapors, acid gases and vapors, sulfur hydride.

An adsorbent containing activated carbon, copper oxides, alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium in a box provides absorption of organic vapors, inorganic and acid gases and vapors.

An adsorbent containing activated carbon and nickel chloride in a box provides absorption of organic vapors and ammonia.

The aerosol filter in the proposed box provides protection from dust, smoke, fog.

A mechanical mixture of adsorbents increases the length of the working layer of each of the adsorbents. In this case, the adsorbents in the box do not prevent the other from absorbing the corresponding substances.

The protective time of the proposed gas box, as well as its prototype and analogues, are shown in table 1.

The data presented in table 1 show that the proposed box in comparison with the prototype has an increased protective time for sulfur dioxide and sulfur hydride, in comparison with the analogue GP-7k protects against ammonia and has an increased protective time for sulfur dioxide and hydride, in comparison with the analogue of PPF95M, KD brand protects against sulfur dioxide and hydrogen cyanide.

The choice of the ratio of adsorbents is shown in table 2.

The data presented in table 2 show that the optimal volume ratio of the first and second adsorbents in the proposed box 1: (0.8-1.2), respectively. A decrease in the amount of the second adsorbent less than 0.8 or an increase of more than 1.2 leads to uneven distribution of adsorbents in the layer and a significant reduction in the time of the protective effect of the proposed box on one of the substances.

The proposed gas mask box has a fairly high protective time:

-on organic vapors, acid gases and vapors, sulfur hydride, ammonia with a charge including activated carbon, alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium, nickel chloride and / or copper sulfate;

-on organic vapors, inorganic and acid gases and vapors, ammonia with a charge including activated carbon, copper oxides, alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium, nickel chloride and / or copper sulfate;

The fractional composition and mass fraction of moisture of adsorbents for all boxes are similar.

 The table shows the average values from the results of six tests under identical conditions.

Test conditions: volumetric flow rate of (gas) vapor-air flow (30 ± 0.75) dm3 / min, relative humidity (50 ± 3)%, air temperature (20 ± 5) C.

Note: the volume of adsorbents is 460 cm3.

The proposed gas mask box with a charge in the form of a mechanical mixture of adsorbent-absorbers eliminates the sequential fixation of each layer using a grid to separate the layers when equipping the box and thereby reduce the complexity of the equipment.

Experimental batches of the proposed gas mask box were manufactured and tested in laboratory conditions for compliance with the requirements of GOST R 12.4.193-99 “SSBT Personal respiratory protection equipment. Gas filters and combined. General specifications. Tests have shown that the proposed gas box meets the requirements of GOST R 12.4.193-99 for various protection classes.

Further production of the proposed gas mask box is planned.

Claims (3)

1. Gas mask box, comprising a housing, a bottom, nets, an anti-dust swab and a charge, consisting of two adsorbents: the first - based on activated carbon with copper oxides and the second - based on activated carbon with nickel chloride, characterized in that it is used as a charge a mechanical mixture of the first and second adsorbents taken in a volume ratio of 1: (0.8-1.2), respectively, while the first adsorbent in addition to copper oxides or instead of them contains alkaline compounds of potassium and / or sodium. 2. The gas mask box according to claim 1, characterized in that the second adsorbent in addition to nickel chloride or instead of it contains copper sulfate. 3. Gas mask box according to claims 1 and 2, characterized in that it contains an aerosol filter.