RU2837473C1 - Method for rehabilitation of patients with arterial hypertension using progressive muscle relaxation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to medicine and can be used in health-improving activities, health resort rehabilitation, as well as in sports, fitness. Body myofascial structures are relaxed and stretched by myofascial release (self-massage). For this purpose, objects made from strong foam are used in combination with exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints, breathing exercises, musical arrangement and aromatherapy. Self-massage can be performed using foam roller 15–45 cm long and 5–15 cm in diameter. Also, self-massage can be carried out using a ball of strong foam with diameter of 8–12 cm. In addition, self-massage can be carried out using a double ball of strong foam with diameter of 8–12 cm. Exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints can be performed in the form of dynamic exercises for mobility of joints with isometric exercises for flexibility. Respiratory exercises are performed by voluntary deep diaphragm breathing 6–10 breaths a minute. Musical arrangement is performed by using relaxing music with sounds of living nature. Aromatherapy is performed by using a mixture of lemon, lavender and ylang-ylang oils at ratio of 2:2:1.

EFFECT: method provides higher resistance of therapeutic effect in patients with arterial hypertension.

4 cl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to methods of non-drug health practices based on the activation of internal health processes, and can be used in physical culture and health activities, in traditional and non-traditional medicine, in health resort rehabilitation, as well as in sports, fitness, including in everyday conditions in the form of self-massage to eliminate foci of tension, trigger zones (areas of tissue compaction and pain).

A method for preventing stage I-II arterial hypertension in sanatorium-resort conditions is known.

(See Russian patent for invention No. 2716752, IPC class A61N 1/00, A61N 2/00, filed 02.07.2019, published 16.03.2020, “Method for secondary prevention of stage I-II arterial hypertension in a sanatorium-resort setting”).

The method includes therapeutic exercise classes in a group for 20 minutes in the morning before breakfast, diet therapy, table No. 10, hypotensive drug therapy, massage of the scalp, collar zone, general magnetic therapy every other day with nitrogen-siliceous weak radon baths.

The disadvantage of the known method is, firstly, the use of medications that can cause various side effects, ranging from gastrointestinal problems such as dry mouth, nausea, vomiting and diarrhea, to headaches, drowsiness, insomnia, dizziness and hallucinations.

Secondly, the use of baths and magnetic therapy is only available in sanatoriums and hospitals, which limits their use.

And, thirdly, during a massage, the patient cannot independently dose the intensity of the specialist’s manipulations, which can serve as an additional risk factor for increased blood pressure.

The closest in technical essence and achieved effect to the claimed method of non-drug intervention using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension and selected as the closest analogue is a method that includes the implementation of progressive muscle relaxation by sequentially contracting and relaxing muscle groups of the body with verbal influence.

(See Russian patent for invention No. 2525736 under IPC class A61H 21/00, filed 15.08.2012, published 27.04.2014, “A method of non-drug intervention using progressive muscle relaxation and controlled mental visualization in the treatment of patients with arterial hypertension”).

The disadvantage of the known method is that it is based on verbal influence, which entails insufficient humaneness of such manipulations, hidden from the human consciousness, dependence of the effect on the suggestibility of patients, long treatment periods, as well as an unstable therapeutic effect.

The objective of the proposed invention is to create a safe, well-tolerated method with a minimal risk of unwanted interactions with drugs, available for independent use by patients with arterial hypertension, ensuring their rehabilitation and recovery.

The technical result that allows solving this problem is the elimination of chronic tension zones, trigger zones, normalization of body tissue tone, optimization of the psycho-emotional state, reduction of arterial pressure and the level of emotional lability, improvement of sleep quality and general well-being, provision of a stable therapeutic effect of patients with arterial hypertension due to myofascial release (self-massage), carried out by means of using objects made of durable foam, in combination with exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints, breathing exercises, musical arrangement and aromatherapy.

The stated objective is achieved by the fact that in the method of non-drug impact using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension, according to the invention, progressive muscle relaxation is carried out by implementing sequential relaxation and stretching of the myofascial structures of the body due to myofascial release (self-massage), carried out by using objects made of durable foam, in combination with exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints, breathing exercises, musical accompaniment and aromatherapy.

Myofascial release can be performed using a durable foam roller measuring 15-45 cm in length and 5-15 cm in diameter.

Myofascial release can be accomplished using a durable foam ball with a diameter of 8-12 cm.

Myofascial release can be accomplished by using a double ball made of durable foam, 8-12 cm in diameter.

Exercises for joint flexibility and mobility can be performed in the form of dynamic exercises for joint mobility with isometric exercises for flexibility.

Breathing exercises can be performed through voluntary deep diaphragmatic breathing (6-10 breaths per minute).

Musical accompaniment can be done by using relaxing music with sounds of living nature.

Aromatherapy can be done by using a mixture of lemon, lavender and ylang-ylang oils in a ratio of 2:2:1.

The conducted research on patent and scientific and technical sources of information indicate that the proposed method of non-drug intervention using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension is unknown and does not follow clearly from the studied level of technology, i.e. it meets the criterion of “novelty” and “inventive step”.

The proposed method of non-drug intervention using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension can be implemented in medical and preventive institutions, in sports and health structures, and can also find the widest application in everyday life as a self-help technology.

Thus, the claimed method of non-drug intervention using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension meets the criterion of “industrial applicability”.

Progressive muscle relaxation through the implementation of sequential relaxation and stretching of the myofascial structures of the body due to myofascial release (self-massage) carried out by using objects made of durable foam, in combination with exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints, breathing exercises, musical accompaniment and aromatherapy helps to eliminate local muscle-fascial hypertonicity and muscle pain syndrome, increase the elasticity of the vascular walls at the points of action and normalize blood flow, which has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system, as well as all tissues and organs in the affected areas. It is assumed that slow and deep mechanical pressure applied during myofascial release will cause a decrease in the activity of the sympathetic nerves influence on the tone of skeletal motor units by acting on mechanoreceptors, which will promote the dominance of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, with subsequent relaxation and, as a result, optimization of the psycho-emotional state.

Carrying out myofascial release by using a roller made of durable foam (of different hardness - soft, medium, high density) and measuring 15-45 cm in length and 5-15 cm in diameter allows you to independently and without much effort perform a massage in the form of longitudinal kneading along the main myofascial meridians in order to find trigger areas. Rollers of different hardness are used depending on the location (region, zone) of stimulation and the individual pain threshold of the patient.

Carrying out myofascial release using a ball made of durable foam with a diameter of 8-12 cm also allows for easier self-massage and provides massage of the trigger point using the technique of pressure (compression) and subsequent circulation.

Carrying out myofascial release with the use of a double ball provides a significant effect when massaging the paravertebral muscles of the back, ischial and occipital tubercles. Which further simplifies self-massage and provides a lasting therapeutic effect.

Performing exercises for joint flexibility and mobility in the form of dynamic exercises with isometric exercises for flexibility in combination with self-massage provides increased joint mobility, reduced muscle tension and stiffness, which helps to increase peripheral blood flow and reduce blood pressure.

Conducting breathing exercises by means of voluntary deep diaphragmatic breathing (6-10) breaths per minute reduces the respiratory rate, causing an increase in the volume of inhalation and exhalation, which leads to an increase in the supply of oxygen to the bloodstream. Allows to reduce the activity of the sympathetic nervous system and activate the cardiopulmonary mechanoreceptors, which leads to a decrease in both systolic and diastolic pressure in patients with arterial hypertension.

Conducting musical accompaniment in combination with self-massage by using relaxing music with sounds of living nature has a positive effect on the autonomic nervous system, reducing the activity of the sympathetic nervous system by increasing the level of dopamine in the brain. In addition, music therapy with sounds of living nature changes the limbic system, slowing down brain activity, which helps reduce anxiety and stress, improve sleep quality and mood, with subsequent predominance of parasympathetic activity and a decrease in blood pressure.

Conducting aromatherapy using a mixture of lemon, lavender and ylang-ylang oils in a ratio of 2:2:1 complements the patient’s relaxation process, reducing the activation of the sympathetic nervous system, and thereby ensuring the optimization of his psycho-emotional state.

Thus, the combination of essential features of the claimed method of non-drug treatment using progressive muscle relaxation in the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension allows achieving the claimed technical result, namely, eliminating chronic tension zones, trigger zones, normalizing the tone of body tissues, optimizing the psychoemotional state, reducing blood pressure and the level of emotional lability, improving the quality of sleep and general well-being, ensuring a lasting therapeutic effect of patients with arterial hypertension due to myofascial release (self-massage) carried out by using objects made of durable foam, in combination with exercises for flexibility and mobility of joints, breathing exercises, musical accompaniment and aromatherapy and, therefore, solving the task - creating a safe, well-tolerated, accessible for independent use, with a minimal risk of unwanted interactions with drugs method that ensures the rehabilitation and recovery of patients with arterial hypertension.

As a result, the proposed method leads to a neurophysiological state with a predominance of the parasympathetic division of the autonomic nervous system, thereby causing stable relaxation. As a result of using the proposed method, a hypotensive effect is achieved, blood pressure in patients with arterial hypertension is normalized, the psychoemotional state is optimized and, as a consequence, the quality of sleep, mood improves, the level of anxiety and emotional lability decreases. Thus, the proposed method may prove to be a useful addition to rehabilitation programs designed to improve cardiovascular health.

Additional reasons for use and in support of the proposed invention are: ease of learning, pleasure, low cost and ease of practice.

The claimed method has been confirmed by practice. 360 procedures have been carried out. During the observations, a very good therapeutic and health-improving effect was revealed, in some cases about 91%.

The general trend is: a positive, increasing effect. With each subsequent lesson, a decrease in blood pressure, situational anxiety and emotional lability is observed.

Duration of the lesson: 30-40 minutes. Duration of the course - 24 procedures.

Example 1. Patient S., 54 years old. Complaints of headache, insomnia. On examination: BP - 145/87, increased anxiety level, predominance of sympathoadrenal activation.

Diagnosis: Stage 1 hypertension.

The lesson was held in the time range from 18:00 to 19:00 hours, in a specialized health-oriented hall, in which the indicators of silence, lighting and temperature contributed to relaxation. The chosen time range, with the goal of relaxation, is due to the need to improve the quality of sleep, as the main physiological means of recovery. During the examination after the lesson: a decrease in blood pressure and the onset of general relaxation were observed.

During the examination two months later: the quality of sleep improved, headache attacks became much less frequent, blood pressure dropped to 137/83. The level of situational anxiety decreased to moderate.

Example 2. Patient N., 49 years old. Complaints of low performance, emotional lability, frequent headaches.

On examination: blood pressure - 148/95, increased anxiety level, predominance of sympathoadrenal activation.

Diagnosis: Stage 1 hypertension.

The lesson was held between 18:00 and 19:00 hours.

During the examination after the session, a decrease in blood pressure and the onset of general relaxation were observed.

During the examination two months later: headache attacks became much less frequent, a decrease in emotional lability was noted, blood pressure dropped to 139/92. Mood and general well-being improved. The level of situational anxiety decreased to moderate.

Example 3. Patient V., 59 years old. Complaints of lack of air and disturbances in breathing rhythm, rapid fatigue, tinnitus and dizziness.

On examination: BP - 164/100, increased anxiety level, predominance of sympathoadrenal activation. Diagnosis: Stage 2 hypertension.

The lesson was held between 18:00 and 19:00 hours.

During the examination after the session: a decrease in blood pressure and the onset of general relaxation were observed. Breathing became more even.

During the examination two months later: dizziness attacks, tinnitus became much less frequent, emotional lability decreased, blood pressure decreased to 158/90. Mood and general well-being improved. The level of situational anxiety decreased to moderate.

Claims (4)

1. A method for rehabilitating patients with arterial hypertension using progressive muscle relaxation, characterized in that myofascial release is performed using a roller, ball or double ball, dynamic and isometric flexibility exercises, breathing exercises using voluntary diaphragmatic breathing of 6-10 breaths per minute, while musical accompaniment from the sounds of nature and aromatherapy are performed using a mixture of lemon, lavender and ylang-ylang oils in a ratio of 2:2:1. 2. The method according to item 1, characterized in that myofascial release is carried out by using a roller 15-45 cm long and 5-15 cm in diameter. 3. The method according to item 1, characterized in that myofascial release is carried out by using a ball with a diameter of 8-12 cm. 4. The method according to item 1, characterized in that myofascial release is carried out by using a double ball with a diameter of 8-12 cm.