RU2825014C1 - Reciprocating motion generator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electrical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: reciprocating motion generator includes movable and fixed parts, rectifier, contacts. Movable part is formed by a magnetic system comprising an external and an internal part interconnected by a plate. Each of the parts consists of two or more levels of magnets arranged in a circle. Identical poles of magnets of external and internal parts are directed in different directions. Fixed part is formed by a set of two or more levels-units of coils. Generator is equipped with a system of resilient elements consisting of an upper and a lower level-unit of resilient elements located and attached from above and from below to the movable part. Such design provides protection of magnets from vibration and impact external loads and possibility of controlling resonance frequency of movable parts and amplitude of oscillation of magnets in axial direction relative to coil due to design, shapes and thickness of upper and lower levels-units of resilient elements, having the possibility of elastically deforming in radial direction in plane of location of upper and lower levels-units of resilient elements.

EFFECT: increased reliability and efficiency of generator.

1 cl, 17 dwg

Description

The invention relates to electrical engineering, namely to electromagnetic generators, and can be used in autonomous power supply systems.

A reciprocating motion generator is known, including a housing, moving and fixed parts, a rectifier, and contacts. (RU 2496216 C1, 20.10.2013).

The disadvantages of the well-known generator are its insufficiently high efficiency and low level of ease of use.

Known as the closest analogue is a magnetoelectric generator of oscillatory motion, comprising a housing with bases, a rotor, a stator, conductive circuits, elastic suspension elements and a balancing weight, wherein the generator comprises at least two stators, which are placed on the lower base along the lower conductive circuit equidistant from each other around the central vertical axis of the generator and facing it with like poles, each of the additional stators includes two linear permanent magnetic elements installed with an axial magnetic line perpendicular to the horizontal plane of the lower base and oriented towards the lower base of the generator with opposite poles, wherein each pair of lower and upper opposite poles is tightly connected to a pair of, respectively, lower and upper magnetic cores facing each other, between which the turns of the winding conductors of, respectively, the lower and upper conductive circuits are placed. (RU 2368056 C1, 20.09.2009).

The disadvantages of the known magnetoelectric generator of oscillatory motion are the high probability of destruction of magnets during the operation of the generator, due to the fact that the load from the car through the generator housing is transmitted directly to the magnets rigidly fixed to the generator housing, in addition, it is necessary to selectively change the masses of the balancing weights after the initial assembly to eliminate the imbalance in the vertical oscillatory motion of the conductive circuits, which occurs due to the asymmetry and looseness of the laying of electrical conductors in the multi-turn coil of the circuits, in addition, resonance is achieved by installing the required number of balancing weights, while the frequency of natural mechanical oscillations of the conductive circuits requires adjustment during assembly or adjustment both upward and downward, by the number and rigidity of the elastic suspension elements, which complicates the design, its assembly, operation and maintenance.

The technical result of the claimed invention consists in increasing the ease of use and increasing the efficiency of power generation by providing the possibility of oscillations of the moving part relative to the fixed part in all directions of the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system due to elastic elements, which are spring elements of a certain design, shape and thickness, in addition to simplifying the assembly of the invention, which is achieved by reducing the number of parts and operations for their installation, ensuring the protection of the magnets from vibration and impact loads from the car, which is achieved due to their spring-loaded installation relative to the generator housing, wherein the design, shape and thickness of the upper and lower levels-blocks of the elastic elements ensure the necessary elastic deformation in the radial direction in the plane of the location of the upper and lower levels-blocks of the elastic elements, in addition to increasing the service life, due to the rigid fixation of the coil and wires extending from the coil, on the generator housing, wherein the magnets move relative to the coil and the base of the generator.

The specified technical result is achieved in that in a reciprocating motion generator, including a movable and fixed part, magnetic circuits, a rectifier, contacts, the fixed part is formed by a base having at least one opening for fastening the fixed part of the generator to a vehicle, studs with long and short bushings fixed thereto, upper and lower fastening plates and at least a set consisting of two or more coil block levels, each of which is made of a single copper wire, connected to the rectifier and fixed between the docking mandrel and the fastening mandrel and planes for holding the coils from moving them both along the axis of symmetry of the generator and in the direction from the axis of symmetry, wherein each of the two or more coil block levels is fixed at one end to each other, and the other end is fixed to the upper fastening and lower fastening plates, wherein each of the plates has an opening for installing the coil block levels in them by placing fastening mandrels, wherein the connecting mandrels of adjacent levels of the coil blocks are fixed to each other by means of connecting grooves made on them, and the upper fastening plate is placed on intermediate bushings, each of which contacts it with one end, and with the other end - with the lower fastening plate, which is placed on the base through the lower support bushings; the movable part is formed by a magnetic system including an external and internal part connected to each other by a plate having openings, wherein each of the external and internal parts consists of at least two or more levels of magnets arranged in a circle, the center of which is located on the axis of symmetry of the generator, wherein the same poles of the magnets in the external part and the magnets in the internal part are directed in different directions along the axis, and the magnets are distributed among themselves by means of a separator of the external part and a separator of the internal part, made of a dielectric material, and has magnetic circuits for fastening in each of the external and internal parts the magnets and separators, wherein the movable part is mounted on pins in the fixed part and is connected to it with a minimum technological gap between the movable part and the fixed part; wherein the generator is provided with a system of elastic elements for providing oscillatory movements of the movable part relative to the fixed part, consisting of an upper level-block of elastic elements and a lower level-block of elastic elements, each upper and lower level-block of elastic elements is made as a composite or single elastic element in such a way that the possibility of reciprocating springy movement of the movable part of the generator in the axial direction and partial springy movement of the movable part of the generator in the radial direction is ensured and is connected to the fixed part by at least one pin, and is connected to the movable part by another pin, wherein long bushings are installed between the movable part and the upper level-block of elastic elements and the lower level-block of elastic elements, and short bushings are installed between the fixed part and the lower level-block of elastic elements. In this case, the upper and lower level-blocks of elastic elements can be made composite: from three or more elastic elements in shape and with the possibility of connection along the fastening axes; or the upper and lower level blocks of elastic elements are made composite: from three or more elastic elements in shape and with the possibility of connection along the fastening axes.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where

Fig. 1 shows a generator;

Fig. 2 shows view A in Fig. 1 with a system of elastic elements with a frequency of 8 Hz;

Fig. 3 shows view B in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 shows section B-B in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 shows the section G-G in Fig. 2;

Fig. 6 shows section D-D in Fig. 3;

Fig. 7 shows section E-E in Fig. 2;

Fig. 8 shows a generator in axonometric view;

Fig. 9 shows a diagram of a generator with a current rectifier;

Fig. 10 shows view A in Fig. 1 with a system of elastic elements with a frequency of 10 Hz;

Fig. 11 shows view A in Fig. 1 with a system of elastic elements with a frequency of 12 Hz;

Fig. 12 shows a level block of a system of elastic elements, made as a single piece;

Fig. 13 shows a level block of a system of elastic elements, made up of elastic elements 38, the fastening of which is implemented on axes 30;

Fig. 14 shows a level block of a system of elastic elements, made up of elastic elements 39, the fastening of which is implemented on axes 31;

Fig. 15 shows a system of elastic elements 3, made from an upper level-block 27 and a lower level-block 28 of a system of elastic elements 3 of the same frequency (each level-block of the system of elastic elements is conventionally shown in a one-piece design);

Fig. 16 shows the first embodiment of the system of elastic elements 3, made from the upper level-block 27 and the lower level-block 28 of the system of elastic elements 3 of different frequencies (each level-block of the system of elastic elements is conventionally shown in a single-piece design);

Fig. 17 shows a second embodiment of the system of elastic elements 3, made from an upper level-block 27 and a lower level-block 28 of the system of elastic elements 3 of different frequencies (each level-block of the system of elastic elements is conventionally shown in a single-piece design).

In a preferred embodiment, the reciprocating motion generator consists of a movable part 1, a fixed part 2, a system of elastic elements 3 that ensure oscillations of the movable part relative to the fixed part and the axis 4, wherein the generator 1 is made with a minimum technological gap between the movable part 1 and the fixed part 2.

The movable part 1 is formed by a magnetic system 5, including an outer part 6 and an inner part 7, connected to each other by a plate 8 with holes and mounted on it. Each of the parts consists of two or more levels 9 of magnets 10, located in a circle, the center of which is on the axis 4, wherein the magnets 10 are located in such a way that the like poles of the magnets located in the outer part 6 and the magnets located in the inner part 7 are directed in different directions along the axis, separated by a separator of the outer part 11 and a separator of the inner part 12, made of a dielectric material, outer magnetic circuit plates 13 and inner magnetic circuit plates 14, each of which fastens the magnets 9, the separator of the outer part 11 and the separator of the inner part 12, respectively, to each other.

The fixed part 2 is formed by a set of two or more coil level-blocks 15. Each level-block 15 is a coil 16, which is made of a single copper wire and is electrically connected to the rectifier. The coil 16 is fixed between the coupling mandrel 17 on the planes 40 and 41 and the fastening mandrel 18 on the planes 42 and 43. Moreover, the planes 40 and 42 hold the level-block 15 of the coils from moving along the axis 10, and the planes 41 and 43 from moving in the plane perpendicular to the axis 10. The fixed part 2 includes the upper fastening plate 19 and the lower fastening plate 20, intermediate bushings 21, lower bushings 22, mounted on studs 25, each of which is fixed on the base 23. In this case, the base 23 has at least one opening 44 for fastening the fixed part 2 of the generator (and the entire generator as a whole) to the vehicle or to the transported composition.

Each set of two or more coil level-blocks 15 is secured with one end between them, and with the other end is secured to the upper fastening plate 19 and the lower fastening plate 20. In each of the fastening plates, an opening 24 is made for installing coil level-blocks 15 in them by placing fastening mandrels 18 in the opening 24. In this case, the mating mandrels 17 of adjacent coil level-blocks 15 are secured to each other by means of mating grooves made on them. The upper fastening plate 19 of the coil unit is secured to the intermediate bushings 21, each of which contacts the upper fastening plate 19 with one end and contacts the lower fastening plate 20 with the other end. The fastening plate 20 is secured to the base 23 through the lower bushings 22. In this case, the upper fastening plate 19 together with the intermediate bushings 21, the lower fastening plate 20, with the lower bushings 22 are preferably fixed with the help of studs 25 secured in the base 23 and nuts 26 pressing together the upper coil unit plate 19, the intermediate bushings 21, the lower coil plate 20, the lower bushings 22 to the base 23 and holding these parts.

The system of elastic elements 3 is formed by an upper level-block of elastic elements 27 and a lower level-block of elastic elements 28, preferably made of metal springs located and attached at the top and bottom to the movable part 1. The upper level-block of elastic elements 27 and the lower level-block of elastic elements 28 can be made as a composite or single elastic element in such a way that the possibility of reciprocating springy movement of the movable part 1 of the generator in the axial direction and partial springy movement of the movable part 1 of the generator in the radial direction is ensured, or composed of three or more elastic elements 38 connected by means of connecting elements located along the fastening axes 30, or composed of three or more elastic elements 39 connected by means of connecting elements located along the fastening axes 31. The upper level-block of elastic elements 27 and the lower level-block of elastic elements 28 are designed with the possibility of connection to the fixed part 2 by means of a connecting element located, at least on one fastening axis 30, and with the possibility of connection with the movable part 1 by means of a connecting element located at least on one fastening axis 31.

Between the movable part 1 and the upper level-block of elastic elements 27, long bushings 32 of elastic elements are installed. Between the movable part 1 and the lower level-block of elastic elements 28, long bushings 32 of elastic elements are installed. In this case, it is preferable to have three axes of fastening 31 of the movable part 1 with the upper level-block of elastic elements 27, and it is also preferable to have three axes of fastening 31 of the movable part 1 with the lower level-block of elastic elements 28. Between the fixed part 2 and the lower level-block of elastic elements 28, short bushings 33 of elastic elements are installed. It is also preferable to have three axes of fastening 30 of the fixed part 2 with the upper level-block of elastic elements 27, and it is preferable to have three axes of fastening 30 of the fixed part 2 with the lower level-block of elastic elements 28.

The value of the frequency of oscillations of the magnets relative to the coil of the system of elastic elements 3 of the claimed generator may be in the range from 1 to 30 Hz. The design of the system of elastic elements 3 of a separate generator may be formed by an upper level-block of elastic elements 27 and a lower level-block of elastic elements 28 of the same frequency, as shown in Fig. 16, or of different frequencies, as shown in Figs. 17 and 18. In this case, the design provides for the possibility of changing the frequency and amplitude of oscillation of the movable part 1 relative to the fixed part 2 by changing the geometry and dimensions of the elastic elements 29, or elastic elements 38, or elastic elements 39.

The declared generator works as follows.

The movement of magnets 9 along axis 10, installed in movable part 1, relative to copper coils 16, installed in fixed part 2, arising as a result of external action on fixed part 2 of the generator from the side of the vehicle on which the generator is installed, causes a change in the magnetic flux passing through each coil 16, which contributes to the occurrence of the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. As a result, alternating electric current arises in coils 16. With the help of diode bridge 34, alternating current is converted into direct current, then capacitor 35 smooths the characteristic of the resulting direct current, after which the current, brought out to contacts 36 and 37, can be used to power system components or store electrical energy in energy storage systems. Due to the design, shape and thickness of the lower level-block of elastic elements 28 and the upper level-block of elastic elements 27, which have the ability to elastically deform in the radial direction in the plane of the location of the elastic elements of the lower level-block of elastic elements 28 and the upper level-block of elastic elements 27, protection is provided against destruction of magnets 9 installed in the movable part 1 from vibration and impact external loads.

Thus, it is precisely this design of the proposed generator and the placement of its design elements during operation that allows the conditions to be realized that ensure the achievement of the above technical result, namely: increased ease of use and increased efficiency due to the possibility of oscillations of the moving part relative to the fixed part in all directions of the axes of the Cartesian coordinate system due to elastic elements.

Claims (1)

A reciprocating generator comprising a movable and fixed part, magnetic cores, a rectifier, contacts placed in a single casing, characterized in that the fixed part is formed by a base having at least one opening for fastening the fixed part of the generator to a vehicle, studs with long and short bushings fixed thereto, upper and lower fastening plates and at least a set consisting of two or more coil level blocks, each of which is made of a single copper wire, connected to the rectifier and fixed between a docking mandrel and a fastening mandrel and planes for holding the coils from moving both along the axis of symmetry of the generator and in the direction from the axis of symmetry, wherein each of the two or more coil level blocks is fixed at one end to each other, and at the other end is fixed to the upper fastening and lower fastening plates, wherein each of the plates has an opening for installing coil level blocks in them by placing in the openings of the fastening mandrels, wherein the connecting mandrels of adjacent levels-blocks of coils are fixed to each other by means of connecting grooves made on them, and the upper fastening plate is placed on intermediate bushings, each of which contacts it with one end, and with the second end - with the lower fastening plate, which is placed on the base through the lower support bushings; the movable part is formed by a magnetic system including an external and internal part connected to each other by a plate having openings, wherein each of the external and internal parts consists of at least two or more levels of magnets arranged in a circle, the center of which is located on the axis of symmetry of the generator, wherein the same poles of the magnets of the external part and the magnets of the internal part are directed in different directions along the axis, and the magnets are distributed among themselves by means of a separator of the external part and a separator of the internal part, made of a dielectric material, and has magnetic circuits for fastening in each of the external and internal parts the magnets and separators, wherein the movable part is mounted on studs in the fixed part and is connected to it with a minimum technological gap between the movable part and the fixed part; wherein the generator is provided with a system of elastic elements to provide oscillatory movements of the movable part relative to the fixed part, consisting of an upper level-block of elastic elements and a lower level-block of elastic elements, each upper and lower level-block of elastic elements is made of a composite or single elastic element in such a way that the possibility of reciprocating springy movement of the movable part of the generator in the axial direction and partial springy movement of the movable part of the generator in the radial direction is ensured, and is connected to the fixed part by at least one connecting element, and is connected to the movable part by another connecting element, wherein long bushings are installed between the movable part and the upper level-block of elastic elements and the lower level-block of elastic elements, and short bushings are installed between the fixed part and the lower level-block of elastic elements, wherein the upper and lower level-blocks of elastic elements provide protection of the magnets from vibration and impact loads from the vehicle due to their spring-loaded installation relative to the generator housing, wherein the design, shape and thickness of the upper and the lower level-blocks of elastic elements ensures the necessary elastic deformation in the radial direction in the plane of the location of the upper and lower level-blocks of elastic elements.