RU2823023C1 - Grain drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture; machine building.

SUBSTANCE: disclosed is a grain drying device, comprising a rectangular cross-section casing, the surface of which is coated with a layer of heat-insulating material, loading hopper, discharge opening, fan, air duct, heating elements installed inside the air duct, transporting working element installed inside the casing, and drive. Transporting working element is made in the form of a keyed conveyor installed with the possibility to adjust the angle of inclination. Width of keys and distance between adjacent keys are made less than thickness of grain. Heating elements are installed on the lower side of the keys; the keys are made of heat-conducting material. On the outer side of the outermost keys of the transporting working element along their entire length there are boards. Upper part of the casing is made perforated, and the air duct is installed in the lower part of the casing.

EFFECT: invention provides higher quality of grain drying.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to devices for drying grain.

A device for drying grain is known [Device for drying grain. -Patent RU 2 620 136. - Publ. 05/23/2017, Bulletin. No. 15], which includes a casing of rectangular cross-section, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, heating elements, a fan, an air duct, as well as a transporting working element installed inside the casing. The transporting working body is made in the form of a box and is installed with the possibility of causing it to vibrate. The upper surface of the box is stepped with the ability to change the angle of inclination of the steps. The side surfaces of the steps are perforated. The air duct is connected to the internal cavity of the duct. Heating elements are installed in the air duct.

The known device has disadvantages - low quality of drying, which consists in an uneven supply of heat to the product being processed.

The technical result achieved by using the invention is improving the quality of grain drying.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the body of the transporting working body is made in the form of a push-button conveyor, which is installed with the ability to adjust the angle of inclination. The width of the keys and the distance between adjacent keys are made smaller than the thickness of the grain. Heating elements are installed on the underside of the keys. The keys are made of heat-conducting material. On the outside of the outermost keys of the transporting working body, sides are installed along their entire length. The upper part of the casing is perforated. The air duct is installed at the bottom of the casing.

In fig. 1 shows a general view of the device, and Fig. 2 - the same, section along A-A.

A device for drying grain includes a casing 1 of rectangular cross-section, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material 2, a loading hopper 3, an unloading window 4, a fan 5, an air duct 6, heating elements 7 installed inside the air duct 6, a transporting working element 8 installed inside the casing, and a drive 9 The transporting working body 8 is made in the form of a push-button conveyor installed with the ability to adjust the angle of inclination. Changing the angle of inclination of the transporting working body 8 is carried out by moving the rear part of the transporting working body 8 up or down relative to the crankshaft installed in the front part of the transporting working body 8 (not shown in the figure) along a plate 10 with holes installed inside the casing 1. Key width and the distance between adjacent keys is made smaller than the thickness of the grain. Heating elements 7 are installed on the underside of the keys. The keys are made of heat-conducting material. On the outside of the outer keys of the transporting working body 8, along their entire length, there are sides 11. The upper part of the casing 1 is perforated. Air duct 6 is installed in the lower part of casing 1.

The device works as follows. Turn on the fan 5. Then turn on the heating elements 7. The air flow created by the fan 5 through the air duct 6 enters the casing 1. Depending on the initial moisture content of the grain, the angle of inclination of the transporting working body 8 is adjusted, which changes the time the grain is on the transporting working body. After reaching the required temperature of the air flow, the drive 9 of the transporting working body 8 is turned on, which, when the crankshaft rotates (not shown in the figure), begins to alternately vibrate the keys of the transporting working body 8. Then the wet grain is fed into the loading hopper 3, from where it is supplied to the keys of the transporting tool. working body 8 and moves to the unloading window 4. Making the keys from a heat-conducting material allows them to quickly warm up from the heating elements 7. By contacting the heated surface of the keys of the transporting working body 8, as well as with the air flow heated from the keys and heating elements 7, the grain is also heated, loses excess moisture, which in the form of steam is removed from the device by an air flow through the perforation of the upper part of the casing 1 and, partially, through the discharge window 4. Since the width of the keys and the distance between adjacent keys are made less than the thickness of the grain, when the keys oscillate, the grain at its movement periodically falls from a raised key to an adjacent lowered one, changing its position in relation to the air flow, being evenly blown by it from all sides. The presence of sides 11 on the outer side of the outer keys of the transporting working body along their entire length does not allow the grain to fall off the transporting working body 8 during movement when its keys oscillate. Installation of air duct 6 in the lower part of casing 1 ensures uniform airflow of grain. Installing heating elements on the bottom side of the keys, as well as making the keys from a heat-conducting material, allows you to quickly warm up the transporting working body 8 and heat the air flow, which makes it possible to more efficiently heat the grain using a combined (convective and contact) method. Dry grain is also removed from the device through the unloading window 4.

When using grain from another crop, they change the heating temperature of the air flow using heating elements 7, the rotation speed of the crankshaft of the transporting working body 8, or changing the angle of inclination of the transporting working body 8 using the plate 10, which allows you to change the residence time of the grain in the device (drying time).

Thus, making the transporting working body in the form of a key conveyor with the ability to adjust the angle of inclination, as well as making the width of the keys and the distance between adjacent keys less than the thickness of the grain, installing heating elements on the bottom side of the keys, making the keys from a heat-conducting material, installation from the outside the outer keys of the transporting working body along the entire length of their sides, making the upper part of the casing perforated and installing an air duct in the lower part of the casing improves the quality of grain drying.

Claims (1)

A device for drying grain, containing a casing of rectangular cross-section, the surface of which is covered with a layer of heat-insulating material, a loading hopper, an unloading window, a fan, an air duct, heating elements installed inside the air duct, a transporting working element installed inside the casing, and a drive, characterized in that the transporting working element is made in the form of a key conveyor installed with the ability to adjust the angle of inclination, wherein the width of the keys and the distance between adjacent keys are made smaller than the thickness of the grain, heating elements are installed on the underside of the keys, the keys are made of heat-conducting material, on the outside of the outermost keys of the transporting working body along sides are installed along their entire length, the upper part of the casing is perforated, and the air duct is installed in the lower part of the casing.