RU2819578C1 - Method of ensuring accuracy of firing from automatic cannons of combat vehicles taking into account operational tuning and firing intensity - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: weapons.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to weapons and military equipment, in particular to firing a combat vehicle (CV) weapons system at a target. Objective of the proposed method and the system implementing it is to increase the accuracy and, consequently, the efficiency of firing the CV weapons. This task is solved by the method of increasing the firing accuracy of artillery weapons of the combat vehicle at the target, including automatic adjustment of the aiming angle in the fire control system (FCS) of the combat vehicle for shifting the middle point of projectile hitting during subsequent firing from an automatic cannon at a given range, calculated taking into account the initial speed of the projectile and the angle of its throw functionally depending on the current operational pitch and intensity of fire.

EFFECT: improving firing accuracy from small-calibre automatic guns of armoured fighting vehicles by shifting the middle point of impact due to introduction of an adjustment to the aiming angle into the fire control system, which takes into account the current operational shooting and intensity of fire.

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Description

The invention relates to the field of weapons and military equipment, in particular to the firing of a combat vehicle (BM) weapon system at a target.

The objective of the proposed method and the system that implements it is to increase the accuracy and, accordingly, the firing efficiency of BM weapons. This problem is solved by a method of increasing the accuracy of firing of artillery weapons of a combat vehicle (BM) at a target, including automatic adjustment of the aiming angle in the fire control system (FCS) of the BM to shift the average point of impact of projectiles during subsequent firing from an automatic cannon (AP) to a given range, calculated taking into account the initial speed of the projectile and the angle of its throwing, which functionally depend on the current operational round and the intensity of fire.

The closest technical solution, chosen as a prototype, is a method of increasing the accuracy of firing artillery weapons of a combat vehicle (BM) at a target, including the selection of a specific type of weapon and the type of shot included in the weapon complex, using the control system of the BM weapon complex, determination by the on-board by the processor of the control system for firing installations from mathematical expressions, while as input parameters they use data coming from the gunner’s sight (PN) or the commander’s sight (PC), the control element, respectively, PN or PC in the “manual” mode of target tracking or automatic tracking in the mode automatic target tracking, weapons stabilizer, as well as from environmental sensors included in the control system, constant deviation taking into account angular adjustments of weapon barrels relative to the line of sight when firing at a target (RU, patent for invention No. 2692844. Method for increasing the firing accuracy of military artillery weapons machines for the purpose (options) and a system for its implementation, priority No. 2018131085 dated 08.28.2018, Bull. No. 19 dated June 28, 2019).

The disadvantage of the above method and the system that implements it is the lack of consideration of the projectile throwing angle, which functionally depends on the current operational firing rate and the intensity of fire.

The objective of the proposed method is to increase the accuracy and, accordingly, the firing efficiency of BM weapons, by adjusting the initial velocity of the projectile and its throwing angle, depending on the current operational firing rate and the intensity of fire.

The invention is illustrated by graphic material, where Fig. 1 shows a structural and logical diagram of the proposed method for ensuring the accuracy of fire from small-caliber automatic guns of armored combat vehicles, taking into account the operational range and intensity of fire.

The diagram in Fig. 1 uses the following notation:

1 - number of shots since the start of operation of the AP (nas ₀ ); 2 - shooting, in which the AP is reduced to normal combat (nas _PB ); 3 - ambient temperature (T ₀ ); 4 - initial barrel temperature (T _0d1 ); 5 - number of shots in the current series of AP shots (nas ₁ ); 6 - current firing of the AP barrel (nas); 7 - current temperature of the AP barrel (T _dl ); 8 - Calculation of the geometric characteristics of the barrel for the current temperature and AP firing rate (l, d ₁ , d ₂ ); 9 - Calculation of the physical characteristics of the barrel material for the current AP temperature (E _i ); 10 - Calculation of the initial velocity of the projectile for the current temperature and AP firing (v ₀ ); 11 - Calculation of the projectile throwing angle for the current temperature and AP firing (θ); 12 - Calculation of the vertical deviation of the STP for the current temperature and AP firing rate (Δу); 13 - Data output to the sighting system of the BBM control system (Δγ).

In the scheme presented in Fig. 1, at the initial stage, an array of input data is generated in the fire control system of an armored combat vehicle, received from the control system sensors or specified by the operator by manual input:

- number of shots (operational rounds) since the start of operation of the AP nas ₀ (1);

- the number of shots (operational rounds), at which the AP is reduced to normal combat nas _PB (2);

- ambient temperature T ₀ (3);

- current barrel temperature T _0d1 (4).

With the production of AP shots (series of shots):

- the fire control system registers their number nas ₁ (5);

- the current operational range nas (6) is calculated;

- current temperature of the AP barrel T _d1 (7).

The current barrel temperature is transmitted from the fire control system sensors, and in their absence or malfunction is calculated using expression (1):

where T _endi is the barrel bore temperature at the end of the i-th series of shots, °C;

η - coefficient taking into account the rate of fire (for a rate of 240 rpm - 4, 375 rpm - 4.75, 600 v/m - 6), °C/v;

n _i - number of shots in the i-th series;

T _starti - barrel bore temperature at the time of the start of the i-th series of shots, °C;

T ₁₀ - barrel temperature at the 10th shot, °C;

T _bi - barrel bore temperature, at the end of the i-th interval in shooting, °C

T ₀ - ambient temperature, °C.

Based on the current operational firing rate nas and temperature T _d1, the change in the geometric dimensions of the AP barrel is calculated (8), taking into account temperature changes in the physical properties of the barrel material E _i (9).

Taking into account the current operational firing rate nas, temperature T _d1 and the operational firing rate at which the AP is reduced to normal combat nas _PB , the current initial velocity of the projectile ν ₀ (nas, I) (10) is calculated.

The current initial speed was obtained from the fire control system sensors, and in their absence, it was calculated using expression (2):

Based on the current operational firing rate nas, temperature T _d1 and operational firing rate at which the AP is reduced to normal combat nas _PB , the addition to the projectile throwing angle Δθ (11) is calculated using expression (3):

where m _k is the mass of the cantilever part of the barrel, kg;

l ₀ , E ₀ , J ₀ - length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, moment of inertia of the barrel at the initial temperature of the barrel;

l _T , E _T , J _T - length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, moment of inertia of the barrel at the final temperature of the barrel.

From the values of the addition to the projectile throwing angle Δθ and the current initial velocity of the projectile ν ₀ (nas, I) according to the mathematical model of the functional relationships of the parameters that affect the shooting accuracy during the survivability of the automatic gun according to expression (4) is calculated in the form of an array of probable deviations of the STP { Δу} (12) for characteristic firing ranges, which is transmitted to the fire control system in the form of an array of corrections to the aiming angle {Δγ} (13) for the following series of shots:

When using a rangefinder, the required aiming angle γ+Δγ for the measured range is transmitted from the fire control system.

Simultaneously with the end of firing from the AP, the fire control system begins counting the time of the break in shooting until the next series of shots t _b , the values of which are used to estimate the barrel temperature in the intervals between shooting, in the absence or malfunction of the barrel temperature sensor. If shooting is not carried out within a specified period of time, the fire control system performs repeated calculation cycles of the {Δy} array at set time intervals, remaining ready to fire. When the next series of shots is fired, the calculation cycle is repeated.

Thus, the application of the proposed method for ensuring shooting accuracy makes it possible to increase the accuracy of shooting from small-caliber automatic guns of armored combat vehicles by shifting the average point of impact by introducing an amendment to the aiming angle into the fire control system, taking into account the current operational round and the intensity of fire.

Claims (19)

1. A method for adjusting the initial velocity of a projectile and the angle of its throwing when firing from the artillery armament of a combat vehicle (BM) at a target, including the selection of a specific type of weapon and the type of shot included in the weapon complex, using the control system of the BM weapon complex, determined by the on-board processor control systems for firing installations from mathematical expressions, while as input parameters they use data coming from the gunner’s sight (PN) or the commander’s sight (PC), the control element, respectively, PN or PC in the “manual” mode of target tracking or automatic tracking in the automatic mode target tracking, weapon stabilizer, as well as from environmental sensors included in the control system, constant deviation taking into account angular adjustments of weapon barrels relative to the line of sight when firing at a target, characterized in that at the initial stage an array is formed in the fire control system of an armored combat vehicle input data received from the control system sensors or set by the operator by manual input, with the production of a series of shots, the fire control system records their number nas ₁ , the current operational round nas is calculated taking into account the current temperature of the automatic gun (AP) barrel T _d1 , based on the current operational round nas and temperature T _d1, the change in the geometric dimensions of the AP barrel is calculated, taking into account the temperature changes in the physical properties of the barrel material E _i , then the addition to the projectile throwing angle Δθ is calculated according to the dependence , further calculated in the form of an array of probable deviations of the STP {Δγ} for characteristic firing ranges according to the dependence: Where: m _k - mass of the cantilever part of the barrel; l ₀ , E ₀ , J ₀ - length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, moment of inertia of the barrel at the initial temperature of the barrel; l _T , E _T , J _T - length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, moment of inertia of the barrel at the final temperature of the barrel; nas – operational shot; m _k - mass of the cantilever part of the barrel; v ₀ - initial velocity of the projectile; which is transmitted to the fire control system in the form of an array of corrections to the aiming angle {Δγ} for the next series of shots, then, when using a rangefinder, the required aiming angle γ+Δγ for the measured range is transmitted from the fire control system for the next series of shots. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that at the initial stage in the fire control system of an armored combat vehicle, an array of input data is generated, received from the sensors of the fire control system or specified by the operator by manual input (the number of shots since the start of operation of the AP, the round at which the AP is given to normal combat, ambient temperature, initial barrel temperature), with the production of a series of shots, the fire control system records their number nas ₁ , the current operational round nas and the current temperature of the automatic gun (AP) barrel T _d1 are calculated, based on the current operational round nas and temperature T _d1, the change in the geometric dimensions of the AP barrel is calculated, taking into account temperature changes in the physical properties of the barrel material, then the addition to the projectile throwing angle Δθ is calculated according to the dependence , where m _k is the mass of the cantilever part of the barrel, kg; , E ₀ , J ₀ - length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, moment of inertia of the barrel at the initial temperature of the barrel; , E _T , J _T - the length of the cantilever part of the barrel, Young's modulus, the moment of inertia of the barrel at the final temperature of the barrel, then the set (array) of probable deviations of the STP {Δγ} for characteristic firing ranges is calculated according to the dependence , which is transmitted to the fire control system in the form of a set (array) of corrections to the aiming angle {Δγ} for the next shot (series of shots), then, when using a rangefinder, the required aiming angle γ+Δγ for the measured range is transmitted from the fire control system for the next series of shots .

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