RU2818866C1 - Geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: computer engineering.

SUBSTANCE: technical result is achieved due to a geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources, which includes software and hardware subsystems located on servers and interacting with each other and users' computers through communication channels of a computer network. Said subsystems include a spatially distributed resource management network operating on the basis of a set of Internet of things devices, and a geoportal system, including spatial data visualization subsystems, comprising a digital map program module, subsystem for administering a geoportal system, comprising interfaces for manipulating spatial data within a normalized relational interactive storage, subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation, a subsystem for integration with external systems, comprising a module for connecting devices of different types into a single system of a network for managing spatially distributed resources, subsystem of interactive analytical processing, comprising a software module for visualization of consolidated information on a digital map and in a tabular form, a process automation subsystem comprising a tool for programming automation triggers within graphical user interfaces. Geoportal system also comprises a multi-model data storage.

EFFECT: faster control of large arrays of spatial data on static and dynamic geographically distributed objects.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of geographic information systems that function to solve the problem of managing spatially distributed natural-social-production systems of various scales based on technologies for monitoring spatial information, visualizing geodata and remote control of devices.

Currently, a lot of research is aimed at creating geographic information systems (including geoportal systems) that provide information and analytical support for making management decisions in the field of analyzing the state of natural-social-production systems and managing spatially distributed objects. There are a number of inventions, each of which has its own advantages and disadvantages.

An interactive geoinformation complex is known, characterized in that it contains a data storage unit; a general information display unit connected to a map imaging unit via a map display channel and to an area of interest imaging unit via an area of interest display channel; block for displaying detailed information; a block for preparing general and detailed information, connected by an interactive control channel to a data storage block, a channel for preparing detailed information - to a block for displaying detailed information, and a channel for preparing general information - to a block for generating map images; a user interface system connected by a data acquisition channel to a data storage unit and a control channel for the composition of detailed information - to a detailed information display unit, while the user interface system is also connected by a control channel to a map image formation block and a control channel - to an area of interest image formation block ( RU 2571784, IPC G06F 17/00, published 12/20/2015).

The disadvantages of this interactive geoinformation complex include limited functionality, including the lack of a solution to the problem of optimizing the process of visualizing large arrays of spatial data, determining how to organize a system for collecting data from external sources, and the lack of a tool for automating the process of managing geographically distributed objects.

There is a known method for comprehensive monitoring of the natural environment. The application defines the novelty of the technological solution, based on the automation of complex monitoring of the natural environment by combining information flows in a single Center for Integrated Monitoring of the Natural Environment. The proposed method is distinguished by the optimization of similar information processing cycles, implemented at least once every five years (RU 2680652, IPC G09B 29/00, published 02.25.2019).

The disadvantages of the method of integrated monitoring of the natural environment include the lack of definition of mechanisms for optimizing the display of large arrays of spatial data and automating the processes of managing geographically distributed objects (stationary and mobile control posts).

There is a known decision-making system in the event of the threat and liquidation of the consequences of emergency situations, which includes tools for automating the forecasting of the consequences of emergency situations, assessing natural and man-made risks, and supporting management decision-making in the event of the threat of occurrence or liquidation of the consequences of an emergency. The system includes an integration geoinformation subsystem for converting vector formats of geospatial data into raster formats and ensuring prompt display of information based on electronic maps of territories, a subsystem for collecting and processing requests for crisis and emergency situations, a subsystem for integrated information and warning about emergency situations (RU 2796623, IPC G08B 27/00, SPK G08B 27/00, G06F 17/00, G06Q 10/06, publ.

The disadvantages of the system include the fact that it solves a specific problem of decision-making in the event of a threat and liquidation of the consequences of an emergency and is not scalable enough to solve other problems of managing geographically distributed systems. The application does not provide a solution to the problem of visualizing large arrays of spatial data.

A municipal geographic information system is known, containing a device connected to a processor unit, intended for storing data about real estate objects and their technological parameters, a data input device and a control device, as well as a device for monitoring and measuring the technological parameters of real estate objects, including a unit for processing the values of technological parameters of real estate objects , a planning block that provides calculation of estimated revenue for real estate, an accounting block that records actual revenue for real estate, a block for analyzing the effectiveness of real estate management, which ensures regular and prompt collection of data characterizing the efficiency of use of real estate, calculation and reporting, characterized by that it is equipped with a device for capturing the surface of the earth with real estate objects located on it and a device for coordinate reference of significant points of real estate objects on the photographed surface of the earth, connected to a unit for transmitting survey results and reference coordinates to a processor unit, configured to implement the function of converting the received data into graphic form , corresponding to the area plan for subsequent comparison of the technological parameters of real estate objects obtained during the survey with those available in a device designed for storing data about real estate objects and their technological parameters, clarifying the key parameters of real estate objects, identifying unaccounted for objects and adding them to the database (RU 2571919, IPC G06Q 50/00, publ. 12/27/2015).

The disadvantages of the system include the inability to integrate various types of monitoring devices into the system and implement an algorithm for displaying large arrays of spatial data. The possibility of scaling the invention to solve other problems related to the analysis and management of geodata has not been determined.

A system for monitoring and managing agricultural production based on the Internet of Things is known. The invention is based on the use of information collection components and an integrated information control management system, including a monitoring center and a cloud server. The system solves decision-making problems in the field of agricultural production (CN 203241793, IPC G05B 19/418, published 10/16/2013).

The disadvantages of the system include the lack of the ability to interactively edit spatial objects of various types with the possibility of subsequent dynamic display of large arrays of spatial data on a digital map, and the lack of flexible configuration of automation tools for managing agricultural systems. In addition, the possibility of scaling the system to solve other problems of the national economy is poorly characterized.

A multi-level navigation and information system for monitoring vehicles is known. The invention solves the problem of obtaining information about the location of vehicles and consolidating information in a data warehouse via the Internet on a data storage and processing server with the ability to access data from workstations (RU 2612943, IPC G08B 25/10, published 03/14/2017).

The disadvantages of the system include the lack of capabilities for configurable automation of processes for managing geographically distributed objects, editing a database of spatial objects of different categories, and implementing functionality for visualizing large arrays of spatial data. The invention is aimed at solving transport problems and does not cover other sectors of the national economy.

The closest in technical essence is an interactive spatial-economic geoinformation complex, which includes software and hardware for preparing the formation, display of information and storage of data with a user interface system and makes it possible to increase the security and reliability of data transmission and presentation and simplify the user’s work. The invention makes it possible to automatically generate and present to the user a set of required source data, and to use the results of GIS processing of modified cartographic displays (RU 2791842, IPC G06F 17/40, H04L 9/00, publ. 03/13/2023).

The disadvantages of the interactive spatial-economic geoinformation complex, adopted as a prototype, include the lack of a specific solution to the problem of collecting data from external sources, the lack of tools for automating the process of managing geographically distributed objects. The application does not present a solution to the problem of interactive visualization of large arrays of spatial data on various topics.

The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the speed of managing large arrays of spatial data about static and dynamic geographically distributed objects based on technologies for visualizing large arrays of spatial data, providing the possibility of flexible scaling of managed territorial systems, fine-tuning automation functions, obtaining the ability to deploy several geoportal systems within one platform.

The technical result is achieved through the introduction of new algorithms for storage, processing and visualization based on graphical web interfaces of large arrays of spatial data.

Brief description of the drawings of the invention. In fig. Figure 1 shows the architectural organization of a geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources. The numbers indicate the following elements of the platform: 1 - geoportal platform, 2 - network for managing spatially distributed resources, 3 - geoportal system, 4 - slave device, 5 - head device, 6 - separate device, 7 - natural-social-production system (NSPS) ).

In fig. Figure 2 shows the architectural organization of the geoportal system. The numbers indicate the following elements of the platform: 8 - spatial data visualization subsystem, 9 - geoportal system administration subsystem, 10 - subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation, 11 - integration subsystem with external systems, 12 - interactive analytical processing subsystem, 13 - process automation subsystem, 14 - notification distribution subsystem, 15 - spatial database, 16 - OLAP storage. Block 17 corresponds to the decision maker.

In fig. 3 shows a diagram of the organization of a slave device of the geoportal platform; FIG. 4 - head unit of the geoportal platform, Fig. 5 - a separate device of the geoportal platform. The numbers indicate the following elements: 18 - controller, 19 - device software, 20 - sensor, 21 - actuator, 22 - data reception and transmission device, 23 - GPS/GLONASS module, 24 - TSRLR data transmission module.

The essence of the invention is that the geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources includes software and hardware subsystems that implement the task of storing, processing, analyzing, and visualizing spatial information about geographically distributed systems based on graphical user interfaces and data storage systems hosted on servers and interacting with each other and users’ computers through communication channels of a computer network. The subsystems mentioned above include a network for managing spatially distributed resources, operating on the basis of a set of Internet of Things devices, and a geoportal system, including subsystems for visualizing spatial data, containing a digital map software module that performs an algorithm for dynamically displaying large arrays of spatial data based on asynchronous loading of area data. spatial data of various thematic layers within the active window based on the significance criterion, a geoportal system administration subsystem containing interfaces for manipulating spatial data within the framework of a normalized relational interactive storage, the structure of which is not tied to existing formats for storing spatial data in geographic information systems, a subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation , containing an algorithm for converting data into an open format of electronic documents, a subsystem for integration with external systems, containing a module for connecting devices of various types into a single network system for managing spatially distributed resources, a subsystem for interactive analytical processing, containing a software module for visualizing consolidated information on a digital map and in a tabular table form, a process automation subsystem containing a programming tool for automation triggers within graphical user interfaces, triggered upon the occurrence of spatial, statistical and parametrically defined conditions, and leading to targeted actions, including sending control commands and alerts, an alert distribution subsystem. Also, the geoportal system additionally contains a multi-model data warehouse.

Geoportal platform is a set of software and hardware, including a geoportal system and a network for managing spatially distributed resources (Fig. 1). Management of natural-social-production systems occurs on the basis of solving the problem of monitoring through sensors and influence based on actuators.

The management network for spatially distributed resources is a computing network that operates on the basis of a set of Internet of Things devices of various types and solves the problem of collecting data about natural, social and production systems and influencing the external environment through remote launch of actuators.

Geoportal system is an information system that includes a multi-model spatial data storage and a set of interacting subsystems (Fig. 2):

1) Spatial data visualization subsystem, including software modules for a digital map, digital map legends and spatial data search;

2) The geoportal system administration subsystem, which includes modules for the task of manipulating the storage of spatial data and other objects of the geoportal system based on authorized access to data management subsystems;

3) A subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation, including a component for generating data in cross-platform open formats;

4) Subsystem for integration with external systems, including interface tools for solving the problem of monitoring and remote control of geographically distributed objects, as well as for connecting new devices to the geoportal system;

5) Subsystem for interactive analytical processing, including modules for visualizing telemetric data aggregated from devices in parallel in tabular form and on a digital map;

6) Process automation subsystem, including a module for visual programming and setting up a set of triggers, the execution of which is determined by the occurrence of a set of conditions;

7) Subsystem for sending notifications, including a component for sending notifications under a certain condition.

The geoportal system contains a multi-model data warehouse, which involves the use of various approaches to manipulating consolidated data. The relational approach is used for a structured description of information about spatial objects and their attributes, the column-oriented approach is used to manage information in real time, and the resident approach is used to ensure the processing of incoming data.

The interaction of the geoportal system with the spatially distributed resource management network is carried out on the basis of application program interfaces (API), interaction with which occurs on the basis of the TCP/IP protocol. The decision maker interacts with the geoportal system based on graphical user interfaces of administration and visualization subsystems of spatial data operating on the basis of web technologies.

The following is a description of the subsystems of the geoportal system.

1) Spatial data visualization subsystem. It is a component based on a digital map. The digital map software module is different in that it is interpreted in a browser and can be integrated into a web system written in various programming languages. The digital map is implemented as a thin client, interpreted by a web browser and visualizing asynchronously loaded spatial data sets.

The software code of the digital card is implemented in JavaScript, which is interpreted by a web browser and is not tied to server-side programming languages. The component receives data from the server by accessing the application program interfaces of the geoportal system and visualizes them within a template, which is described in the hypertext markup language HTML and styled using cascading style sheets CSS. Thanks to this, the digital map can be integrated into various types of third-party web systems.

The novelty of the module is determined by the function of asynchronously loading areal spatial data of various thematic layers within the active window based on a significance criterion determined based on the large-scale spatial characteristics of the object. The assessment of the large-scale spatial characteristics of an object is based on calculating the radius of the inscribed circle. The possibility of displaying big data within a digital map is solved on the basis of clustering of spatial objects based on a modified k-means algorithm for multi-scale visualization of point data. The selection of data on a digital map is decided on the basis of a morphological search in a table of attribute data.

The digital map legend is an interactive software component that allows you to optimize the display of different sets of thematic layers without the need to repeat an asynchronous request for previously loaded area objects. The spatial data visualization subsystem is designed to meet the requirements of adaptability, which allows the system to function within the browsers of mobile and desktop devices. The digital map displays static and dynamically changing spatial objects.

The key difference of the digital map building component is the ability to display large arrays of spatial data about areal polygonal objects. The geoportal system accepts data in JSON format, which has a hierarchical structure, and information about geo-objects is stored in a more strict form, in GeoJSON, which regulates the description of geospatial objects. Another problem to be solved was the need for optimized display of a large number of objects on a digital map, both in terms of visibility and performance.

The general algorithm for initializing a digital map (stream A) of the geoportal is as follows:

A1. Retrieving portal metadata based on the portal_info API method. The response includes three data blocks: portal: {…}, styles: {…}, categories: {…}.

A2. Based on the portal data block, the digital card is initialized: header information is set, a design theme is selected, and a graphical user interface is generated. Then the map is centered at a given location and the scale defined in the administration system is selected.

A3. Based on the styles container, a digital map style table is built, on the basis of which spatial objects of polygonal, linear and point shapes will be stylized.

A4. Using the categories container, a menu for interactive selection of thematic layers and a basic cartographic basis is formed.

After executing the algorithm for initializing the digital map of the geoportal (stream A), the algorithm for visualizing the primary data set (stream B) begins to execute, including the sequence of the following operations:

B1. Obtaining a lightweight array of point geodata for geoportal objects based on the objects/total API method, which has the following structure: object identifiers (id), styles (style_id), categories (category_id) and object coordinates (X and Y). The coordinates of point data are used on an “as is” basis, and for area objects the center of the minimum outlining circle is taken.

B2. Clustering of a lightweight array of point geodata based on a modified k-means algorithm for multi-scale visualization of point data on a digital map with grouping by thematic layers.

B3. Rendering of clustered geo-objects on a digital map using a digital map style sheet to visualize point, line and area objects.

B4. Binding of a mouse click event to a geo-object marker, which determines the order of asynchronous loading of detailed object metadata (name, photo, description, tags).

The solution to the problem of clustering a lightweight array of point geodata based on a modified k-means algorithm for multi-scale visualization of point data on a digital map is implemented according to the algorithm described below.

To an array of point geodata, each element of which is represented by a pair of coordinates (latitude, longitude), the classical k-means algorithm is applied, which determines cluster centers based on the distances between data points and finds the optimal partition into k clusters. The algorithm minimizes the total square deviation of geopoints of clusters from the centers of these clusters:

where k is the number of clusters,

S _i - i-th cluster of geo-objects,

μ _i is the center of mass of the cluster _Si .

The number of clusters is a configurable parameter that determines the density of data clustering at each digital map scale. Next, k geodata points from the original set are selected as initial cluster centers using the heuristic that the clusters should be evenly distributed. Then, for each data point on the map, the nearest cluster center is determined and the corresponding cluster label is assigned to that point.

New cluster centers must then be searched based on the data points assigned to each cluster. This is done by calculating the average latitude and longitude for all geodata points associated with each cluster and using these coordinates as the new cluster centers. This operation is repeated iteratively until the cluster centers become stable or until the maximum number of iterations is reached.

The result of the algorithm is clustering of geodata, where each data point is assigned to the nearest cluster on the map. A cluster representation of geodata can be visualized on a digital map, thanks to which big data becomes visually presented on the one hand, and on the other hand, the resource intensity of the geodata rendering operation is significantly reduced. Each cluster can be colored in different colors and marked with a text label that visualizes the number of clustered elements.

Based on the results of executing the algorithm for visualizing the primary data set (stream B), the execution of the algorithm for asynchronously loading geodata for the current screen (stream B) begins. Also, thread B is executed for two types of events: changing the scale of the digital map and panning. The flow contains the following sequence of operations:

B1. Making an asynchronous request to the data server based on the objects/get_bbox method to obtain significant areal geodata belonging to the current screen (bounding box) in a format containing information about the object identifier (id), its design style (style_id) and category (category_id) and geometry (an array of geometry data about vertices characterized by latitude and longitude).

B2. Updating the array of data on areal geoobjects for thematic layers of a digital map with subsequent rendering of information for active layers.

B3. Binding of a mouse click event to an area geoobject, which determines the order of asynchronous loading of detailed object metadata according to the same principle as for a marker.

The developed algorithm for obtaining significant areal geodata (G flow) belonging to the current screen (bounding box) functions as follows:

G1. For each areal and linear object in the geodatabase, a minimum outlining circle is constructed, after which the coordinates of its center (lat, lon) and radius R are stored in the geodatabase in the EPSG:4326 (WGS-84) projection and used in stream B to solve the visualization problem primary data set.

G2. For each areal object, the parameter dpx ₁₈ is calculated and stored in the database, equal to the diameter of the geoobject in pixels at the 18th scale of the digital map. This parameter is calculated according to the following principle: first, the resolution is calculated for a given latitude at a scale of z=18 (the parameter depends on the radius of the Earth R _E ):

Secondly, the parameter dpx ₁₈ is calculated, which determines the diameter of the minimum circumscribing circle in pixels for a digital map of the 18th scale, taking into account the radius R.

G3. When updating the map scale and panning, the request to the portal_info API method passes the bounding box and z-zoom parameters. Based on the custom threshold parameter, which determines the minimum significant diameter in pixels for loaded objects at scale, the boundary indicator dpx _min (z) is calculated:

When selecting objects, two conditions are defined in the SQL query: 1) the intersection of the boundaries of the bounding box and the polygon and 2) the necessity of the truth of the inequality dpx ₁₈ >dpx _min (z).

G4. Formation of a j son-array of area objects as part of the execution of thread B for loading geodata for the current screen with subsequent rendering of significant objects on a digital map.

The implementation of this algorithm allows, under specific viewing parameters of a digital map, to visualize only significant objects. The significance can be configured through the configuration of the threshold parameter.

The software solution can operate within a modern web browser on both a desktop device and a mobile device: smartphone or tablet.

The process of interactive configuration of sets of thematic layers is controlled based on the digital map legend module, which allows you to change the basic cartographic basis based on the visualization of raster and vector basic cartographic data, as well as a set of categories of visualized static and dynamic objects.

Visualization of raster and vector basic cartographic data is implemented based on a system of hierarchical tiles. Thematic layers built on the basis of raster and vector tile data can be combined with each other to increase the efficiency of analysis of the state of natural-social-production systems.

Another source of data for thematic layers of the geoportal are geo-objects of the system, which are managed through the administration subsystem. Data exchange between the geoportal system and the administration subsystem is carried out on the basis of application program interfaces (APIs) operating on the basis of the REST architectural pattern. Ensuring the display of objects on a digital map is based on the following algorithms: 1) initialization of the digital map (stream A); 2) visualization of the primary data set (stream B), including a multi-scale clustering component; 3) asynchronous loading of geodata for the current screen (stream B) when changing the scale of the digital map and panning; samples of significant areal geodata (stream G).

The system provides visualization of static and dynamic objects. The process of visualizing dynamic geoportal objects differs in that for each of them periodic asynchronous coordinates are updated. For static and dynamic system objects, the ability to view attribute information about an object is implemented through asynchronous loading of related data, initiated by the event of clicking the mouse cursor on an object marker and rendering a pop-up associated modal window.

Spatial database search is solved based on semantic search of text data taking into account morphology. Key search terms are entered using the text field. The search algorithm is initiated by pressing the Enter key or the search button in graphical interfaces. If objects are found, the digital map is centered and scaled so that all found objects are displayed within the active window. A search result reset function has been implemented, allowing you to return the digital map to the mode of displaying all system objects.

2) Administration subsystem of the geoportal system. It is a component that solves the problem of manipulating the spatial data storage and provides authorized access to other subsystems. The novelty of the approach to storing spatial data is determined by the development of a normalized relational interactive storage, independent of existing formats for storing spatial data in geographic information systems. Separate tables provide storage of spatial parameters of objects, categories, attributes, thematic layers, display styles, satellite geoportals and tags. Relational storage entities are reduced to third normal form.

Accumulated arrays of spatial data of a geoportal system can be exported in GeoJSON format to solve the problem of data exchange and subsequent universal import into other geographic information systems. The novelty of the approach is ensured by the implementation of the possibility of organizing several satellite geoportals around one geoportal system.

3) Subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation. The component allows you to export data from the administration subsystem into the cross-platform open PDF format to solve the problem of information exchange in a human-friendly form. The difference between the component and existing analogues is the ability to configure a set of exported data about a territorial object, including name, brief and detailed description, cartographic display and other attribute information. The ability to change the visibility and display order of information blocks about a spatial object has been implemented.

4) Subsystem for integration with external systems. The component provides a solution to the problem of monitoring and remote control of natural-social-production systems. The integration subsystem with external systems receives data from the spatially distributed resource management network through application software interfaces based on the TSRLR data transfer protocol.

The management network for spatially distributed resources is part of a geoportal platform, built on the basis of a set of Internet of Things devices. An option has been implemented to deploy a computer control network based on a system consisting of slave and master devices. The devices are developed on the basis of a modular component organization, which allows achieving high-quality expandability and the creation of new types of devices. Obtaining the indicated advantage is achieved by adhering to the principles of object-oriented design: single responsibility, openness to expansion, closedness to internal modification.

The slave device (SD) includes a controller with software that implements the ability to connect sensors to collect measurements of the operating conditions of natural-social-production systems and actuators that solve the problem of influencing the external environment (Fig. 3). To determine the position of the slave device, the controller uses the GPS/GLONASS module. The data reception and transmission device ensures data transmission from the slave device to the head device within the framework of the spatially distributed resource management network via an internal data transmission channel.

The head unit (GU) receives data from slave devices and transmits them to the geoportal system via a TCP/IP data transmission module (Fig. 4). Data transmission is implemented using wireless data transmission technology to the Internet based on the IEEE 802.11 standard. The advantage of the proposed combined approach, which consists in the joint use of head and slave devices, is the ability to effectively scale the network for managing spatially distributed resources. Slave devices do not require the involvement of third-party communication providers to exchange information via an internal data link. This allows you to achieve a set of advantages when operating the network. Firstly, the effect of rising costs of services of third-party communication providers when connecting sets of new devices is eliminated. Secondly, the possibility of building a network within territorial systems that do not have access to data transmission networks of third-party providers is realized.

To organize an internal data transmission channel, LoRa (Long Range) data reception and transmission devices are used, based on low-power network modulation technology. The advantage of using this technology is the ability to deploy a network within a significant radius, measured in kilometers, depending on the territorial characteristics of natural-social-production systems. At the same time, the data transfer rate is characterized by low values, which is satisfactory in terms of solving the problem of data transfer from sensors and control commands.

A separate device (OD), like a slave device of the spatially distributed resource management network, operates on the basis of a modular organization and includes a controller controlled by software to solve the problem of collecting data from sensors and launching actuators (Fig. 5). The device is equipped with a data transmission module via TSRLR, which allows, if necessary, its use outside of integration with the head unit.

Devices of the spatially distributed resource management network interact with the geoportal system using a publisher-subscriber pattern based on the MQTT messaging protocol, built on the TSRLR protocol. Operation of the protocol ensures stable functioning of the data exchange process between devices of the spatially distributed resource management network and the geoportal system, both in the direction of exchanging sensor readings and when sending control commands. To implement the interaction of a separate device and a geoportal system, a telemetry data exchange component based on the FLEX protocol is implemented at the application level.

Within the framework of the integration subsystem with external systems, the ability to monitor data transmitted from devices in the network for managing spatially distributed resources and send control commands from dispatch interfaces has been implemented. New devices can be added to the registry from the administration subsystem.

5) Interactive analytical processing subsystem. The component provides the ability to visualize telemetry data aggregated from devices in tabular form and on a digital map. Filtering features allow you to select sets of telemetry information based on a custom set of criteria.

To store and analytically process telemetry data collected through a spatially distributed resource management network, an extension of the database management system for working with time series is used. Telemetry data is stored using a column-oriented approach.

The component implements a function for exporting data from the interfaces of interactive analytical processing of the administration subsystem into PDF format to solve the problem of exchanging information in a human-friendly form.

6) Process automation subsystem. The component allows you to create and configure a set of triggers using a graphical web interface through visual programming. A trigger is a stored and customizable procedure, the execution of which is determined by the occurrence of a set of conditions associated with a change in the values of the consolidated spatial data.

For each trigger in the system, it is possible to configure the name, the size of the time window for checking trigger conditions, selecting a group of devices to which the action initiated by the trigger is applied, the activity status, and a text description.

For each system trigger, activation conditions of the following types are configured:

By parameter value. Within a configurable time frame, a request is made to a table of telemetric data consolidated from devices integrated into the system. Several conditions can be specified in the format “parameter” - “comparison operator” - “parameter value”. If multiple conditions are specified, they are combined using the logical OR operator. If the value of an atomic or combined condition is true, the target action is launched.

By the value of statistical parameters. Statistical metrics are calculated (including maximum, minimum, average) for parameter values for a certain interval, followed by checking whether the condition is met. If the condition value is true, the target action is launched.

Following the route. The degree of distance of the geoportal system device from the route is assessed. A route is defined by a polyline that passes through a specific set of points. The function of automated interactive route construction through several (two or more) points based on the shortest path search algorithm has been implemented. The shortest route is calculated based on open data about the street road network. The search for the shortest route is carried out on the basis of the multi-level Dijkstra algorithm (multi-level dijkstra, MLD). The modular organization of the system makes it possible to replace one algorithm for finding the shortest path with another. The distance between the spatial object and the route is determined to be equal to the length of the segment connecting the object with the nearest point on the route. Compliance with the condition of comparing the distance between a spatial object and a route with a numerical value is checked. If the condition value is true, the target action is launched.

The object falls within the polygon. The location of the object within the polygon is checked. It is possible to check the condition of an object being located inside and outside the polygon. If the condition value is true, the target action is launched.

The target action launched when the trigger condition is met can be selected from the register of possible target actions for a specific device (starting and stopping the device, activating the watering function, turning on the lights, and so on).

7) Subsystem for sending notifications. The component operates within the Process Automation Subsystem and allows sending notifications when a specific trigger is activated along with the launch of a target action.

Implemented the ability to send messages by email, notify using a messenger and transfer parameters to external application program interfaces.

The operating principle of the geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources is presented below.

The geoportal software platform is a client-server system that solves the problem of managing spatially distributed systems.

The system provides the following key functions:

- visualization of spatial information within the digital map of the geoportal with a combined layer-by-layer display of data sets, selection of data based on filtering depending on attribute parameters, search for information;

- integration with components of the Internet of Things to collect data on geographic coordinates and various parameters that change over time, control of devices distributed in space by sending control commands, interactive analytical processing (OLAP) of consolidated spatial data;

- automation of processes analyzed within geoportal systems using automatic decision-making tools based on programming triggers, sending alerts to a limited circle of recipients;

- interactive generation of reporting documentation, export of data into human-readable formats and data structures for machine-to-machine interaction;

- functioning of the administration subsystem that solves the problem of manipulating spatial data.

Input influences processed by the geoportal system: interaction with the system user through a graphical web interface for consolidation, processing, analysis and monitoring of spatial data, integration with external systems based on software interfaces, including Internet of Things components from domestic manufacturers.

Output reactions provided by the system as a result of performing its functions: layer-by-layer thematic visualization of large arrays of raster and vector spatial data on a digital map, visualization of statistical aggregated data within tabular interfaces, sending control commands for external systems and alerts, generation of reporting documentation.

A geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources consists of a server part on which software modules are located. To interact with the system via a graphical web interface, you need a computer or smartphone with a modern web browser installed and Internet access.

Quantitative parameters characterizing the operation of the system:

1) the response time of the geoportal system server does not exceed 500 milliseconds; Full page loading time does not exceed 3 seconds;

2) the frequency of updating the digital map when visualizing dynamic objects is 1 second;

3) the number of static objects visualized simultaneously on a digital map - 12000, the number of simultaneously displayed static thematic layers - 150;

4) the number of dynamic objects visualized simultaneously on a digital map - up to 1500, the maximum number of simultaneously displayed dynamic thematic layers - 30;

5) the number of stored records about spatial data is up to 10 million rows, the possible number of grouping fields when performing analytical queries is 5;

6) number of simultaneously connected devices - 20;

7) the number of programmable triggers that are triggered when certain spatially defined conditions occur - up to 50 (with a minimum frequency of checking the occurrence of a condition - 1 minute).

8) the number of system users (subject to simultaneous use of the system) - 50.

Analysis of the values of mathematical expectation and standard deviation for the tested indicators shows the stability of the algorithms and the predictability of their behavior under different conditions.

The component structure of the geoportal system is organized on the basis of the Model-View-Controller architectural pattern, which involves dividing the key components of the system into tightly coupled and loosely coupled modules for manipulating data, organizing graphical interfaces, and forming the program logic of the system. When developing the system, open source (including domestic) software was used.

Modification of the geoportal platform should be based on two strategies.

1) Development “from general to specific”: the system was initially designed in such a way as to qualitatively cover the largest number of options for using the system, while ensuring the minimalism and convenience of geoportal interfaces.

2) Development “from the particular to the general”: pilot projects have been implemented based on a geoportal software platform for managing spatially distributed resources, the solution of specific project problems indicates the directions for the development of the basic solution.

The bidirectional approach allows us to obtain an effective framework software solution capable of solving real design problems in organizations whose activities involve the use of spatially distributed resources.

Compared to the known solution, the claimed invention makes it possible to achieve an increase in the speed of managing large arrays of spatial data about static and dynamic geographically distributed objects based on technologies for visualizing large arrays of spatial data, providing the possibility of flexible scaling of managed territorial systems, fine-tuning automation functions, obtaining the ability to deploy several geoportal systems around one platform.

Claims (1)

Geoportal platform for managing spatially distributed resources, including software and hardware subsystems that implement the task of storing, processing, analyzing, visualizing spatial information about geographically distributed systems based on graphical user interfaces and data storage systems hosted on servers and interacting with each other and computers users through communication channels of a computer network, characterized in that the above-mentioned subsystems include a network for managing spatially distributed resources, operating on the basis of a set of Internet of Things devices, and a geoportal system, including subsystems for visualizing spatial data, containing a digital map software module that executes the algorithm dynamic display of large arrays of spatial data based on asynchronous loading of areal spatial data of various thematic layers within the active window based on the significance criterion, a geoportal system administration subsystem containing interfaces for manipulating spatial data within a normalized relational interactive storage, the structure of which is not tied to existing storage formats spatial data in geographic information systems, a subsystem for interactive generation of reporting documentation, containing an algorithm for converting data into an open format of electronic documents, a subsystem for integration with external systems, containing a module for connecting devices of various types into a unified network system for managing spatially distributed resources, a subsystem for interactive analytical processing, containing a software module for visualizing consolidated information on a digital map and in tabular form, a process automation subsystem containing a programming tool for automation triggers within graphical user interfaces that are triggered when spatial, statistical and parametrically defined conditions occur and lead to targeted actions, including sending control commands and alerts, a subsystem for sending alerts, and the geoportal system additionally contains a multi-model data warehouse.