RU2815742C1 - Forage harvester for harvesting industrial hemp - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture. Forage harvester for harvesting industrial hemp comprises structurally connected header for harvesting coarse-stalked crops (1), feeding device (2), grinding device (3), comprising a grinding drum with a pulley mounted on the trunnion of grinding drum (3), power take-off reduction gear pulley, and a spacer covering the transport channel of the harvester and providing formation of a roll. Grinding device (3) is driven by a belt drive from an internal combustion engine of the harvester. Feeding device (2) and header (1) are driven by separate hydraulic motors. Grinding drum is equipped with one row of knives providing cutting of industrial hemp stems with length of 500 mm.

EFFECT: higher reliability of the structure, as well as use of the forage harvester base for harvesting such complex crops as industrial hemp with cutting length of 500 mm.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to agricultural engineering, namely, to mowing machines designed for mowing, chopping and windrowing forage and technological crops.

Converted combine harvesters used as self-propelled mowers are known from companies such as John Deere, CAT Lexion, Claas Jaguar, [https://www. wittrock-landtechnik.de/hemp / 1, which consist of a specialized reaper for harvesting hemp, as well as feeding and chopping devices with one knife and a spacer that blocks the transport channel. The drive of the grinding apparatus is hydraulic.

The closest to the claimed invention in technical essence is the Claas Jaguar combine harvester converted into a mower [https://www.wittrock-landtechnik.de/hemp/], which includes a harvester for coarse crops, a feeding apparatus and a chopping apparatus with a chopping drum and hydraulic drive, as well as a spacer that blocks the transport channel of the converted combine and ensures the formation of a windrow.

The disadvantages of this design are low reliability due to the presence of hydraulic hoses and pumps in the design, and difficulties in ensuring the cutting length of industrial hemp stems 500 mm long during the harvesting process.

The technical problem solved by this invention is to increase the reliability of the design, as well as to use the base of a forage harvester for harvesting complex crops such as industrial hemp, with a cutting length of 500 mm.

The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the forage harvester for harvesting industrial hemp is characterized by the fact that it contains a structurally connected header for harvesting coarse crops, a feeding apparatus, a chopping apparatus containing a chopping drum with a pulley mounted on the axle of the chopping drum, a power take-off gear pulley, and a spacer that covers the transport channel of the combine and ensures the formation of a windrow, while the chopping apparatus is driven by a belt drive from the internal combustion engine of the combine, and the feeding apparatus and the header are driven by separate hydraulic motors, the chopping drum is equipped with one row of knives that ensure cutting of the stems of the harvester hemp 500 mm long.

The drive of the grinding apparatus uses a pulley of increased diameter mounted on the drum axle, a smaller pulley on the power take-off gearbox, and the operating speed of the engine is hardware-lowered to ensure the required rotation speed of the grinding drum. Changes to the drive pulleys, as well as a reduction in engine speed, are aimed at achieving cutting lengths of hemp stalks of up to 500 mm.

Instead of a chopping drum with 40 knives in 10 rows, a specially designed drum with two knives in one row is used to increase the cutting length. To harvest industrial hemp, it is necessary to chop the crop to a given length and place it in a windrow; for this purpose, a spacer is used behind the chopping apparatus. The serial accelerator is used as a dust extraction device for debris from the engine cooling radiator mesh.

The inventive device is illustrated by the drawing shown in the figure - a mower-chopper for harvesting industrial hemp.

The claimed invention includes the following structural elements: 1 - harvester for coarse crops; 2 - feeding apparatus; 3 - grinding apparatus; 4 - mass emission accelerator (dust extraction); 5 - crushed mass; 6 - radiator.

The device works as follows. A rotary harvester for harvesting coarse crops 1 mows the harvested crop and feeds it into the feeding device 2. The feeding device 2 serves to press the mass and feed it into the chopping device 3. The chopping device 3 crushes the mass with a given cutting length and feeds it into the spacer that forms the windrow . The mass emission accelerator (dust suction) 4, by creating a vacuum, sucks dust and remaining plant matter from the radiator mesh 6.

The inventive design of a forage harvester makes it possible to achieve a solution to the problem of the invention, namely: to use serial parts of the combine and, by changing the engine speed, as well as by changing the diameters of the pulleys of the chopping drum and the power take-off gearbox, to ensure a cutting length of 500 mm without using a hydraulic motor as a drive for the device grinder and thereby increase its reliability.

Claims (1)

A forage harvester for harvesting industrial hemp, characterized in that it contains a structurally connected header for harvesting coarse crops, a feeding apparatus, a chopping apparatus containing a chopping drum with a pulley mounted on the axle of the chopping drum, a power take-off gear pulley, and a spacer blocking the transport channel of the combine and ensuring the formation of a windrow, while the chopping apparatus is driven by a belt drive from the internal combustion engine of the combine, and the feeding apparatus and the header are driven by separate hydraulic motors, the chopping drum is equipped with one row of knives that ensure cutting of industrial hemp stalks 500 mm long.

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