RU2813529C1 - Feeder for granulator - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: devices for grinding and supplying dry material for the production of granulated feed. The feeder for the granulator contains an external hopper for dry material and an internal hopper for a liquid binding component located one inside the other. The internal hopper is made in the shape of a truncated cone, installed with the possibility of rotation and equipped with a cone-shaped tank, the lower base of which is twice as large as the upper base of the internal hopper. Chopping and lifting knives and mixing blades are provided. The blades are located equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tank along a helical line. The grinding knives are symmetrically located at the ends of the lower base of the tank. The lifting knives are symmetrically installed at the middle of the height of the internal hopper perpendicular to the chopping knives.

EFFECT: quality of the material for the production of granules is improved and the energy intensity of the grinding process is reduced.

1 cl, 5 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of agriculture, namely to devices for grinding and supplying dry material for the production of granulated feed on livestock, poultry farms and fish farms.

A device for producing granules from a feed mixture is known, containing a hopper with a seal. The hopper seal is made in the form of a screw with a screw surface of different diameters, the largest of which is commensurate with the width of the hopper (patent RU 2544984 C1, class B30B 11/26).

The disadvantages of the known technical solution are: insufficient degree of feed grinding, high energy intensity of the process and low operational reliability.

The closest in technical essence and adopted as a prototype is a device for the production of granules from a compressed material, including hoppers located one inside the other, of which the outer hopper is intended for dry material, and the inner one is for a liquid binding component and is made in the shape of a truncated cone, connected to drive and installed with the possibility of rotation in one direction, and mixing blades (patent RU 2708868 C1, class B30B 11/28).

The disadvantages of the known device are: the small capacity of the internal hopper, the insufficient degree of grinding of dry material and the low energy efficiency of the process of feeding it into the working part of the granulator press, which reduces the quality of the material used to make granules.

The technical result is to improve the quality of the material used for the manufacture of granules and reduce the energy intensity of the grinding process.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a feeder for a granulator containing an external hopper for dry material located one inside the other, an internal hopper for a liquid binding component, made in the shape of a truncated cone, connected to a drive and installed for rotation in one direction, and mixing blades, according to the invention, it is equipped with chopping and lifting knives, and the inner hopper is equipped with a cone-shaped tank, the lower base of which is twice as large as the upper base of the inner hopper, while the mixing blades are located equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tank along a helical line, the chopping knives are symmetrically located at the ends the lower base of the tank, and the lifting knives are symmetrically installed at the middle of the height of the internal hopper perpendicular to the chopping knives with protrusion beyond the edges of the tank base to a length equal to a quarter of the length of the chopping knives.

The novelty of the proposed technical solution is due to the fact that, due to new design features, an increase in the capacity of the internal hopper, an increase in the degree of grinding of dry material and an increase in the energy efficiency of the process of feeding it into the working part of the granulator press are ensured, which improves the quality of the material used for the manufacture of granules.

The essence of the invention is illustrated by the drawing, where: figure 1 shows a general view of the feeder for the granulator (section AA); figure 2 - feeder for the granulator (top view); figure 3 - feeder for the granulator (bottom view); figure 4 - feeder for the granulator (section B-B); Fig. 5 - feeder for the granulator (section B-B).

The feeder for the granulator contains an external hopper 1 for dry material located one inside the other, an internal hopper 2 for the liquid binding component, made in the shape of a truncated cone, connected to the drive and installed for rotation in one direction. The feeder is also equipped with mixing blades 3, chopping knives 4 and lifting knives 5. The internal hopper 2 is equipped with a cone-shaped tank 6, the lower base of which is twice as large as the upper base of the internal hopper 2, which allows it to accommodate an increased volume of the liquid binding component. Inside the tank 6, the bottom has a slope of 3°, which ensures the liquid rolls off and prevents it from stagnating. The mixing blades 3 are located equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tank 6 along a helical line, have an oval shape in cross section and are inclined to the horizon at an angle of 25°, due to which the resistance of the dry material is reduced and the pressure on it is increased. The chopping knives 4 are symmetrically located at the ends of the lower base of the tank 6 and form a small gap between their tips and the wall of the outer hopper 1. The lifting knives 5 are symmetrically installed at the middle of the height of the inner hopper 2 perpendicular to the chopping knives 4, which ensures their overlap, protruding beyond the edges of the base reservoir 6 to a length equal to a quarter of the length of the grinding knives 4. Lifting knives 5, in which the blade is shaped like a parabola, are deflected from the vertical axis by an angle equal to 10°, during rotation they grab, direct tangentially along the plane and lift up the particles of dry material. The internal hopper 2 and the reservoir 6 are hermetically connected to each other using bolts through a rubber gasket 7, which prevents liquid leakage.

The feeder for the granulator works as follows.

Dry material is poured into the outer hopper 1. After turning on the electric motor, the inner hopper 2 and tank 6 begin to rotate at a constant angular velocity. At this moment, the dry material is mixed and pumped by mixing blades 3 to the grinding knives 4, which crush it to a fine state. Next, the pre-crushed particles are poured down and partially fall on the lifting knives 5, which create a directed upward flow of particles back to the grinding knives 4. Due to this, the interaction time of the dry material with the grinding knives 4 increases, which allows for its further grinding. The finally crushed particles, under the influence of gravity and centrifugal force, move to the bottom of the outer hopper 1 in the space between its wall and the tips of the lifting knives 5, protruding beyond the edges of the base of the tank 6 to a length equal to a quarter of the length of the grinding knives 4, and enter the working part of the press -granulator.

The proposed design compared to the prototype has the following advantages:

- increasing the capacity of the internal bunker;

- increasing the degree of grinding of dry material;

- increasing the energy efficiency of the process of feeding dry material into the working part of the granulator press;

- improving the quality of the material used to make granules.

Claims (1)

A feeder for a granulator containing an external hopper for dry material located one inside the other, an internal hopper for a liquid binding component, made in the shape of a truncated cone, connected to the drive and installed for rotation in one direction, and mixing blades, characterized in that it is equipped with grinding and lifting knives, and the inner hopper is equipped with a cone-shaped tank, the lower base of which is twice as large as the upper base of the inner hopper, while the mixing blades are located equidistant from each other on the outer surface of the tank along a helical line, the grinding knives are symmetrically located at the ends of the lower base of the tank , and the lifting knives are symmetrically installed at the middle of the height of the internal hopper perpendicular to the chopping knives with protrusion beyond the edges of the base of the tank to a length equal to a quarter of the length of the chopping knives.