RU2811441C1 - Hydraulic sluicing - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hydraulic engineering.

SUBSTANCE: used in the construction and operation of alluvial waste storage facilities. In an alluvial structure, including the enclosing dams of the primary 1 and build-up tiers 2, pulp outlets 3, alluvium sections as part of the above-water slope 4 and settling pond 5, an impervious screen 6, a surcharge 7, according to the invention, a surcharge 7 of the downstream slope and the crests of the dams of the build-up tiers 2, backfilled from waste, is made on top of the impervious screen 6 in the form of a holding rigid fastening, resting on the stop 9 in the primary dam 1.

EFFECT: improving the reliability of the alluvial structure and the efficiency of filling its useful capacity.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of hydraulic engineering and can be used in the construction and operation of alluvial waste storage facilities.

An alluvial structure is known (Patent RU 2776299, IPC: E02B 7/06, publ. 07/18/2022 Bulletin No. 20), containing a primary enclosing dam and dams of building tiers, the lower slopes of the enclosing dams on the southern, southeastern and eastern sides of the structure are covered a waterproof screen made of flexible solar panels, and the lower slopes of the enclosing dams on other sides and the crests of all dams are covered with a waterproof screen to drain atmospheric precipitation into drainage channels and a reservoir at the lower slopes.

The main disadvantage of this alluvial hydraulic structure is: the placement of anti-filtration drainage elements in the bases of the primary dam and the build-up tiers, if they fail, the strength and stability of the dams may not be ensured, since waterproof screens, including solar panels, are not designed to contain the filtration pressure.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed technical solution and in terms of the totality of essential features is the alluvial hydraulic structure we accepted as a prototype (USSR Author's Certificate No. 1659572, IPC: E02B 7/06, published on June 30, 1991, Bulletin No. 24), including enclosing dams: primary and build-up tiers (on reclaimed waste), slurry outlets, alluvium sections as part of the surface slope and settling pond, impervious screen, slope surcharge, an impervious screen is installed between the downstream slope of the build-up tiers and the sump.

The disadvantage of the prototype is that the dams of the building tiers and the surcharge are filled from natural soils, which reduces the efficiency of filling the useful capacity of the alluvial structure and increases its cost, especially if there are not sufficient volumes of non-rocky soils near the structure for their use in the surcharge.

The technical result to which the proposed invention is aimed is to increase the reliability of the alluvial structure and the efficiency of filling its useful capacity.

To achieve the above technical result in the proposed alluvial structure, including enclosing dams: primary and build-up tiers, slurry outlets, alluvium sections as part of the above-water slope and settling pond, impervious screen, surcharge, while the surcharge of the downstream slope and the crests of dams of build-up tiers dumped from waste , is made on top of the impervious screen in the form of a holding rigid fastening, resting on a stop in the primary dam.

A distinctive feature of the proposed alluvial structure is: a device for loading the downstream slope and dam crests of the build-up tiers, filled with waste, on top of the impervious screen in the form of a retaining rigid fastening, resting on a stop in the primary dam.

Thanks to a similar device of an impervious screen and surcharge, the construction of dams with tiers of build-up from reclaimed waste is ensured without their conditioning during the development and laying in the body of the dams (in terms of humidity, granulometric composition, strength, etc.).

The reliability of the alluvial structure increases, since due to the use of a surcharge in the form of a retaining rigid type fastening over the entire surface of the lower slopes of the dams of the building tiers and their crests, as well as the presence of a stop in the body of the primary dam, stability and strength are increased. The loading of the downstream slopes and the support in the primary dam from soil allows the dams of the build-up tiers to be filled from waste.

The proposed alluvial structure is illustrated by a drawing that shows a cross section of the alluvial structure.

The alluvial structure includes enclosing dams: primary 1 and dams of build-up tiers 2, pulp outlets 3, surface slope 4, settling pond 5, impervious screen 6, surcharge 7 of the lower slopes of the dam of build-up tiers 2, surcharge 8 of the impervious screen 6 on the upper slope of the primary dam 1, emphasis 9.

The operation of the alluvial structure is carried out as follows.

The alluvial structure is erected by backfilling the primary enclosing dam 1 with the installation of pulp outlets 3, laying an impervious screen 6 and loading it 8 on the upper slope. When pulp is fed into the structure, an above-water slope 4 and a settling pond 5 are formed; the loading parameters 8 are set taking into account the effects on the upper slope of the settling pond 5.

Subsequently, operation and construction (build-up) are carried out continuously: waste is washed out from pulp outlets 3 and when the initial capacity of the structure is filled (the maximum heights of alluvium of the above-water slope 4 and settling pond 5 at the upper slope of the primary dam 1 are reached), work is carried out to fill the dam waste from waste. first tier of build-up 2. On the lower slope of build-up tier 2, an anti-seepage screen 6 is laid, coupled with the screen on the up slope of the primary dam 1, and a load 7 is installed, resting on a stop 9 installed in the body of the primary dam 1. Stop 9 is made of monolithic reinforced concrete or other material provides fixation of the bottom of the surcharge 7, arranged in the form of a rigid retaining fastening of the lower slope of the ridge, for example, a geosynthetic, reinforced concrete lattice filled with crushed stone and stone, reinforced concrete slabs, monolithic reinforced concrete and similar fastening elements.

When filling the tank of the first tier, work is carried out to fill the dam of the second tier with waste, laying an anti-seepage screen 6 on the downstream slope of the second tier and on the crest of the dam of the first tier, coupled with the screen 6 on the slope of the first tier, by installing a loading device 7 mounted on the downstream slope the second tier and associated with a load on the slope of the first tier. Similarly, when the tank of the second tier is filled, the third and subsequent tiers of expansion are arranged until the enclosing dam reaches the maximum possible height of the alluvial structure.

Thus, in the proposed alluvial structure, reliability increases due to the device of the surcharge 7 in the form of a retaining rigid fastening on the lower slopes and crests of the build-up tiers 2, additionally with a stop 9 in the body of the primary dam 1, filled from natural soil.

Effective filling of the useful capacity of the alluvial storage facility is ensured by the construction of dams of build-up tiers 2 from waste washed into the structure. Placing the anti-seepage screen 6 on the lower slopes and crests of the dams of the build-up tiers makes it possible to reduce its length compared to the option of placing it on the upper slopes and at the bases of the build-up tiers 2.

Claims (1)

Alluvial structure, including enclosing dams - primary 1 and build-up tiers 2, pulp outlets 3, alluvium sections as part of the above-water slope 4 and settling pond 5, impervious screen 6, surcharge 7, characterized in that the surcharge 7 of the downstream slope and dam crests of build-up tiers 2 , poured from waste, is made on top of the impervious screen 6 in the form of a holding rigid fastening, resting on the stop 9 in the primary dam 1.