RU2810312C1 - Planetary clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: mechanical engineering.

SUBSTANCE: invention is related specifically to clutches. The planetary clutch consists of a housing (1) and a disk housing (10). Bearing units (2 and 5) are built into the housing (1), through which the shaft (3) and shaft (6) pass, respectively. Bevel gears 4 and 7 are attached to the end of the shafts. Bevel gears (8) are installed between the bevel gears (4 and 7). Bevel gears 8 are fixed in the disk housing (10) through bearing units (9). On the outer diameter of the disc housing (10) a brake caliper (11) is installed, attached to the housing (1).

EFFECT: simplified design.

1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

Technical field

The claimed invention relates to friction clutches or clutches, used in connection systems for the purpose of transmitting rotation and torque from the engine to actuators, for example, transmitting rotation and torque from the engine to the gearbox in cars. The technical solution can be used in all areas of mechanical transmissions, including transmissions for vehicles and armored vehicles.

State of the art

A vehicle clutch is known from the prior art (see invention patent RU 2149292 C1 dated May 20, 2000), which contains a supporting body, a drive flywheel, a driven shaft, a friction mechanism with pressure disks, drive and driven disks, an activation mechanism with pressure arms levers, at one end of which there is a spherical head connected to the pressure disk, and the other end of the lever interacts with the release bearing. The clutch is additionally equipped with at least three friction mechanisms placed evenly around the circumference on a disk mounted on the drive shaft, and a gear transmission, the drive gear of which is mounted on the drive flywheel, and the driven gears are connected to the drive friction disks. The disadvantage of this design is the complexity of the design.

A known clutch (see USSR certificate No. 855275) contains an outer half-coupling with protrusions located parallel to its axis evenly around the circumference, and an inner half-coupling concentrically installed in it with springs made in the form of curved plates, fixed at their ends in the recesses of the inner coupling halves. The disadvantage of this solution is that the design does not provide sufficient friction torque when transmitting rotation and the self-braking effect during the period when the clutch is turned off. In addition, due to the complexity of the design, the clutch is not reliable enough in operation.

The closest in technical essence to the claimed device is a freewheel (see patent for invention RU 2110707 C1 dated May 10, 1998), which contains two cages, two sprockets, jamming elements placed between the clips and sprockets, for example rollers located between the cages of the element control, for example in the form of an electromagnetic clutch, the armature of which is configured to alternately connect with the specified sprockets, each connected to the drive shaft by means of rolling bearings, the cages are rigidly connected to intermediate bevel gears meshed with the drive gear rigidly mounted on the output shaft. The disadvantages of this design include the intermittent nature of the coupling on and off mode, which is unacceptable for the vast majority of connections, and with a load over 10 N*m is unacceptable, as well as differences in the rotation speed of the input shaft from the output shaft.

Disclosure of the Invention

The technical result of the claimed planetary clutch is the ability to turn on or off the transmission of rotation and torque from the drive shaft to the driven shaft with a high efficiency, a significant increase in service life due to the absence of friction and minimal friction during the interaction of gears, increased operating efficiency due to the fact that gears transmit rotation and torque with an efficiency of up to 0.99, as well as simplification of the design due to the symmetry of the design.

To achieve the stated technical result, it is proposed to create a planetary clutch consisting of a housing 1, into which a bearing unit 2 is built-in, through which a shaft 3 passes, at the end of which a bevel gear 4 is fixed, and a bearing unit 5 is also built into the housing 1, through which the shaft passes 6, at the end of which a bevel gear 7 is fixed, bevel gears 8 are installed between bevel gears 4 and 7, the number of which depends on the diameter of bevel gears 4 and 7, as well as on the amount of power transmission from the drive shaft 3 to the driven shaft 6 or vice versa, from drive shaft 6 to driven shaft 3, bevel gears 8 are fixed in the disk housing 10 through bearing units 9, while a brake caliper 11 is installed on the outer diameter of the disk housing 10, fixed to the housing 1.

The use of brake caliper 11 allows rotation and torque to be transmitted from the drive shaft 3 to the driven shaft 6, or vice versa, from the drive shaft 6 to the driven shaft 3, smoothly.

Brief description of drawings

In fig. Figure 1 shows a diagram of the coupling.

Designations on the drawings:

1 - body

2, 5, 9 - bearing unit

3 - driving/driven shaft

4, 7, 8 - bevel gear

6 - driven/drive shaft

10 - disk housing

11 - brake caliper.

Carrying out the invention

In this section of the description, the most preferred embodiment of the invention will be described, which, however, does not limit other possible embodiments that are clearly evident from the application materials and understandable to a person skilled in the art.

When the drive shaft 3 rotates in the bearing assembly 2, the bevel gear 4 rotates the bevel gears 8, which rotate together with the disk housing 10 along the stationary bevel gear 7. If you stop the disk housing 10 using the caliper 11, the bevel gears begin to transmit rotation and torque to bevel gear 7 and onto the shaft 6 attached to it. In this case, the work of the technical solution has been achieved.

The planetary clutch provides the ability to engage or disable the transmission of rotation and torque from the drive shaft 3 to the driven shaft 6. Since the design is symmetrical, the drive shaft can be shaft 6, and the driven shaft can be shaft 3, and vice versa. This design greatly simplifies the manufacturing, assembly and installation process, since it does not matter which shaft is directed in which direction.

An increase in efficiency is achieved due to the fact that the efficiency of power transmission and rotation of gear connections can reach 0.99 and due to the low speed of the disk housing 10, since the gear ratio of the driven gear can be greater than one. For example, a gear ratio of 1:5 means that the rotation of the disk housing will be 5 times lower, that is, if shaft 3 with gear 4 rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm, then the disk housing 10 will rotate at a speed of 3000/5 = 600 rpm

The energy cost of a regular clutch disc (as in any car) consists of the disc itself spinning at full speed from the engine, which is energy absorbed. If we calculate losses only on the clutch disk, we get the following. For example, the disk rotates at a speed of 3000 rpm, and the disk mass is 3 kg with a disk diameter of 300 mm, that is, the disk lever is 150 mm or 0.15 meters.

3000 rpm ≈314 rad/s; 3 kg with a lever of 0.15 m ≈ 4.4 N*m;

Р=т * ω, where Р - Power in W; T - Torque in N*m; ω - Rotation in radians*sec;

Let's calculate the losses: 314 * 4.4 = 1382 W.

If the disk rotates at a speed of 600 rpm (63 rad/s), then we get losses: 63 * 4.4 = 277 W. That is, losses when using the inventive coupling are 4.99 times less.

Increased service life occurs due to the absence of friction and minimal friction during the interaction of gears, namely due to the fact that the disk is made smooth, without Ferodo friction linings (material that provides friction) and compensation springs.

The design is simplified due to the fact that the disk is made in one piece, without compensation springs along the diameter of the disk and without friction linings. Existing discs consist of several parts, compensation springs are inserted into the joints of the parts, and Ferodo pads are installed on both sides of the disc.

Claims (1)

A planetary clutch consisting of a housing into which a bearing assembly is built-in, through which a shaft passes, at the end of which the first bevel gear is fixed, and a bearing assembly is also built into the housing, through which a shaft passes, at the end of which a second bevel gear is fixed, between these bevel gears The gears are used to install other bevel gears fixed in the disk housing through bearing units, while a brake caliper fixed to the housing is installed on the outer diameter of the disk housing.