RU2806892C1 - Decorative product - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for production of three-dimensional products, manufactured, for example, in a matrix form. The decorative product is formed from a blank made of at least one layer of the first material, and the product is also formed from at least one layer of the second material located above the layer of the first material, which is a mixture of granulated ethylene vinyl acetate - EVA in an amount of 42-62 wt.% with fraction sizes from 1 to 100 mm and polyurethane glue in an amount of 38-58 wt.% or a mixture of polyurethane glue in an amount of 15-22 wt.% and rubber granules in the amount of 78-85 wt.% with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm, polyurethane glue in an amount of 12-17 wt.% was used as the second material in a mixture with granulated ethylene propylene diene monomer rubbers - EPDM - in an amount of 83-88 wt.% with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with vulcanized thermoplastic vulcanizates - TPV in an amount of 83-88 wt.% with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 83-88 wt.% with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm.

EFFECT: increasing the reliability and safety of the product, increasing its shock-absorbing properties while simultaneously improving the environmental situation.

7 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of construction and can be used for the production of three-dimensional products, manufactured, for example, in a matrix form. Refers to children's play equipment, small architectural forms, saturation and decorative design of children's playgrounds and (or) sports grounds, parks, squares, places of active, public recreation, play areas, preschool institutions, schools and related processes of design, construction, installation , exploitation, used for decorative design of various landscapes or interiors. In particular, for use in areas intended for children's play, sports (including extreme sports), for use in planning and transforming the topography of children's and sports grounds, for creating themed playgrounds with geoplastic elements.

The invention can be of different shapes and color palettes (according to the RAL K7 catalogue). Can be made in the form of geometric figures, animals, cartoon characters, game characters, etc.

The invention is injury-proof and shock-absorbing, providing the required level of shock damping.

The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is, taken as a prototype, a decorative product formed from at least two interconnected blank elements made of at least one layer of the first material, and the product is also formed from at least one layer of the second material , located on one of the outer layers of the first material, a layer of glue located on the outer layer of the second material, and an outer layer made of artificial turf and located on the adhesive layer, characterized in that a multicomponent foaming polymer is used as the first material, and The second material uses a multicomponent polymer material (invention patent RU 2730684 C1, published on August 25, 2020).

The disadvantages of the closest analogue are the destruction of the workpiece under loads and operation, lack of injury safety, depreciation to ensure the required level of shock damping.

The problem solved by the claimed invention is to create a reliable injury-proof product with high shock-absorbing properties.

The technical result achieved by the claimed invention is to increase the reliability, safety of the product, as well as to increase its shock-absorbing properties while simultaneously improving the environmental situation, due to the recycling of waste from large-tonnage production of thermoplastics - ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) and worn tires and rubber products (RTI) .

The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the decorative product is formed from a blank made of at least one layer of the first material, and the product is also formed from at least one layer of the second material located above the layer of the first material, for which a mixture of granulated ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in an amount of 42-62 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 100 mm and polyurethane glue in an amount of 38-58 wt. % or a mixture of polyurethane glue in an amount of 15-22 wt. % and rubber granules in the amount of 78 - 85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm, and polyurethane glue in an amount of 12-17 wt. was used as the second material. % in a mixture with granulated ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM) in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers (TPV) in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm.

Moreover, according to the invention, the thickness of the layer of the second material is from 5 to 30 mm.

According to the invention, a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer and/or an aliphatic isocyanate prepolymer is used as the base of the polyurethane adhesive.

According to the invention, rubber granules are obtained by processing worn tires and rubber products (RTI).

According to the invention, the layers of the first and second materials are bonded together using a primer.

According to the invention, a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer or a mixture of a polyurethane binder based on a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer in an amount of 50-80 wt is used as a primer. % with a solvent in an amount of 20-50 wt. %.

According to the invention, turpentine or white spirit or solvent or gasoline are used as a solvent.

According to the invention, the mixture of the second material contains coloring pigments.

The invention is illustrated by drawings.

In FIG. Figure 1 shows a fragment of an image of the layers of a decorative product, where:

1 – layer of first material,

2 - layer of second material.

The decorative product is formed from a blank made of at least one layer of the first material 1, and the product is also formed from at least one layer of the second material 2 located above the layer of the first material 1.

As the first material 1, a mixture of granulated ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) was used in an amount of 42-62 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 100 mm and polyurethane glue in an amount of 38-58 wt. % or a mixture of polyurethane glue in an amount of 15-22 wt. % and rubber granules in the amount of 78 - 85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm.

The amount of polyurethane glue is 38-58 wt. % provides uniform coverage of EVA granules in an amount of 42-62 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 100 mm for binding action. The hardened binder creates a dense monolithic mass without a shortage or excess of polyurethane binder and ensures uniform distribution over the surface of the granules for gluing them to each other.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is below 38 wt. % EVA granules in bulk do not have the required amount of binder to ensure the bonds of the granules. The hardened mass can collapse (crumple) without providing density and reliability.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is more than 58 wt. %, an excess of polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

The amount of EVA granules is 42-62 wt. % ensures close contact of the edges with each other, creating a monolithic mass.

When the amount of EVA rubber granules is above 62 wt. % will lead to the fact that the hardened mass can collapse (crumple), not providing reliability and sufficient shock absorption.

When the number of EVA granules is below 42 wt. %, an excess of the required polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

To ensure maximum damping properties and shock absorption, the fractional composition of EVA granules from (1 to 100 mm) can have a wide range.

Based on the tests carried out on the claimed decorative product, it was revealed that if the size of the EVA granule fractions is less than 1 mm, the decorative product will exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties.

And if the size of the EVA granule fractions is more than 100 mm, the decorative product will also exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties, due to the insufficient density of the layer of the first material 1.

Alternatively, the amount of polyurethane adhesive is 15-22 wt.%. % provides uniform coverage of rubber granules in an amount of 78-85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm for binding action. The hardened binder creates a dense monolithic mass without a shortage or excess of polyurethane binder and ensures uniform distribution over the surface of the granules for gluing them to each other.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is below 15 wt. % of the granules in the mass do not have the required amount of binder to ensure the bonds of the granules. The hardened mass can collapse (crumple) without providing density and reliability.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is above 22 wt. %, an excess of polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

The amount of rubber granules is 78-85 wt. % ensures close contact of the edges with each other, creating a monolithic mass.

When the number of rubber granules is above 85 wt. % will lead to the fact that the hardened mass can collapse (crumple), not providing reliability and sufficient shock absorption.

When the amount of rubber granules is below 78 wt. %, an excess of the required polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

To ensure maximum damping properties and shock absorption, the fractional composition of rubber granules is selected from 1 to 5 mm.

Based on the tests carried out on the claimed decorative product, it was revealed that if the size of the rubber granule fractions is less than 1 mm, the decorative product will exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties.

And if the size of the fractions of rubber granules is more than 5 mm, the decorative product will also exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties, due to the insufficient density of the layer of the first material 1.

As the second material 2, polyurethane glue was used in an amount of 12-17 wt. % in a mixture with granulated ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM) in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers (TPV) in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm.

The amount of polyurethane glue is 12-17% wt. % provides uniform coverage of EPDM granules in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 or TPV granules in the amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 or thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 83 - 88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 for binding action. The hardened binder creates a dense monolithic mass without a shortage or excess of polyurethane binder and ensures uniform distribution over the surface of the granules for gluing them to each other.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is below 12 wt. % of the specified granules in the mass do not have the required amount of binder to ensure the bonds of the granules. The hardened mass can collapse (crumple) without providing density and reliability.

When the polyurethane adhesive content is above 17 wt. %, an excess of polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

The number of rubber granules is 83 - 88 wt. % ensures close contact of the edges with each other, creating a monolithic mass.

When the number of these granules is above 88 wt. % will lead to the fact that the hardened mass can collapse (crumple), not providing reliability and sufficient shock absorption.

When the number of these granules is below 83 wt. %, an excess of the required polyurethane binder appears, which may not be evenly distributed throughout the mass. An excess of polyurethane binder leads to the formation of local areas with a pronounced hardened structure. There may be bumps and swelling in the mass. The presence of excessive binder in the mass leads to a lack of safety and shock-absorbing characteristics.

To ensure maximum damping properties and shock absorption, the fractional composition of these granules is selected from (1 to 5 mm).

Based on the tests carried out on the claimed decorative product, it was revealed that if the fraction size of the specified granules is less than 1 mm, the layer of the second material 2 and the entire decorative product will exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties, and will also be worse to manufacture and operate.

And if the size of the fractions of these granules is more than 5 mm, the layer of second material 2 and the entire decorative product will also exhibit insufficient damping and shock-absorbing properties, due to the insufficient density of the layer of second material 2, and will also be worse to manufacture and operate.

The thickness of the layer of the second material 2 from 5 mm to 30 mm is selected based on the requirement of injury safety (shock absorption) when designing a decorative product.

The layer of the second material 2 performs a shock-absorbing function and is also decorative with injury-proof and wear-resistant characteristics.

A primer (Primer) is used between the layers of the first and second materials. As a primer base, a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer or a mixture of a polyurethane binder based on a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer in an amount of 50-80 wt. is used. % with a solvent in an amount of 20-50 wt. %.

Turpentine or white spirit or solvent or gasoline were used as a solvent.

The primer (Primer) ensures gluing of the layers of the first and second materials to each other and form a single monolithic decorative product.

Granulated ethylene vinyl acetate (designation EVA or EVA) can be used from the manufacturer RUBBER DUST PRODUCTION LLC, obtained from raw materials to be recycled or analogues. EVA material has a high level of environmental safety.

Rubber granules obtained by processing worn tires and rubber goods into rubber crumbs (fractional granules) can be used from manufacturers - RABBER DUST PRODUCTION LLC, Gambit LLC, Oris Prom LLC, Dmitrovsky Rubber Rubber Plant LLC or analogues.

EPDM from manufacturers - Granulos LLC, EPDM.RU LLC or analogs can be used as granular ethylene-propylene rubbers (designation EPDM or EPDM).

Granular vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers (TPV or TPV) or thermoplastic vulcanized rubbers can be used from manufacturers - Granulos LLC, Rosehill or analogues.

The pigments used are SHANGHAI YIPIN PIGMENTS CO. or analogues.

The polyurethane adhesive (a binder based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate prepolymer) can be used, for example, POLYPLAST 1004, manufactured by Huntsman NMG JSC; GAMBIT-M, manufactured by Gambit LLC; WANNATE 6112, manufactured by Yantai Wanhua Polyurethanes Co.; VORAMER MR 1045, 1177, manufacturer "DOW"; Glue ISOLAN-77, manufactured by DAU Izolan LLC or analogues.

As a polyurethane adhesive (the base binder is an aliphatic isocyanate prepolymer), for example, POLYPLAST 101, manufactured by Huntsman NMG JSC or analogs can be used.

The primer (Primer) is used, for example, - Universal primer "Primer Gambit", manufactured by Gambit LLC, Primer 1101 manufactured by Huntsman NMG JSC.

According to the invention, the production of a decorative product is carried out as follows.

An individually manufactured mold-set (matrix) is selected in the form and shape of the resulting decorative product, made of moldable, two-component silicone (Super mold, grade 10,20,30,40 or equivalent) that repeats the future shape of the decorative product. The mold kit is reusable with a resource of up to 150 products.

To produce the first layer of material 1 of a decorative product, granulated EVA or rubber granules obtained by recycling used tires, the required fractional composition and polyurethane adhesive based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer are mixed in a mixer (barrel mixer, for mixing granular materials or equivalent) until smooth masses. The resulting mixture is poured into a mold-set. The mass is leveled and compacted manually using polyurethane floats, trowels, and trowels and kept until completely hardened.

To produce a decorative layer - a layer of the second material, 2 decorative products, granulated EPDM of the required fractional composition and polyurethane glue (binder) based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer are mixed in a mixer (barrel mixer, for mixing granular materials or an analogue) until smooth. The resulting mixture is laid out on a molded layer of the first material 1, treated (coated) with a primer (Primer). The mass is leveled and compacted manually using polyurethane rollers, floats, trowels, and trowels to the required thickness and kept until completely cured.

In another embodiment, to produce a decorative layer - a layer of the second material 2 of a decorative product, granular vulcanized TPV or thermoplastic vulcanized rubber and polyurethane adhesive (binder) based on an aliphatic isocyanate prepolymer are mixed in a mixer (barrel mixer, for mixing granular materials or similar) until smooth. . The resulting mixture is laid out on a molded layer of the first material 1, treated (coated) with a primer (Primer). The mass is leveled and compacted manually using polyurethane rollers, floats, trowels, and trowels to the required thickness and kept until completely cured.

In another embodiment, for the production of a decorative layer - a layer of the second material 2 of a decorative product, rubber granules obtained by processing worn tires and rubber goods into rubber into crumbs (fractional granules) of the required fractional composition and polyurethane glue (binder) based on a prepolymer of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI), and dry or liquid pigments are mixed in a mixer (barrel mixer, for mixing granular materials, or similar) until smooth. The resulting mixture is laid out on a molded layer of the first material 1, treated (coated) with a primer (Primer). The mass is leveled and compacted manually using polyurethane rollers, floats, trowels, and trowels to the required thickness and kept until completely cured.

The following example is provided to provide those skilled in the art with a complete disclosure of the invention and is intended only as an example and not as a limitation of the invention.

Example.

A decorative product formed from a blank made of a layer of first material 1 and a layer of second material 2 located above the layer of first material 1, in which the layer of first material 1 is a mixture of polyurethane adhesive in an amount of 45% and granulated ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in an amount 55 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 100 mm, or is a mixture of polyurethane glue in an amount of 20 wt. % and rubber granules in an amount of 80 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 mm, layer of second material 2 is polyurethane adhesive in an amount of 15 wt. % mixed with granulated ethylene-propylene rubber (EPDM) in an amount of 85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 or with vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers (TPV) in an amount of 85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 or with thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 85 wt. % with a fraction size from 1 mm to 5 or is a polyurethane adhesive in an amount of 20 wt. % mixed with rubber granules in an amount of 75 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 mm to 5 mm and coloring pigments in an amount of 5 wt. %, while these layers of the first and second materials are interconnected to form a single monolithic decorative product. These layers are connected to each other using a primer; diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer or a mixture of polyurethane binder based on diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer in an amount of 80 wt. is used as a primer. % with a solvent in an amount of 20 wt. %. Turpentine or white spirit or solvent or gasoline were used as a solvent.

Samples of the claimed decorative product were tested, as a result of which an unexpected synergistic effect was noted, due to a certain arrangement of words relative to each other in conjunction with the claimed ranges of component ratios, as well as ranges of sizes of selected fractions, which led to increased reliability, safety of the decorative product, and also increasing its shock-absorbing properties.

Claims (7)

1. A decorative product formed from a blank made of one layer of the first material, wherein the product is also formed from a layer of the second material located above the layer of the first material, characterized in that a mixture of granulated ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) in an amount of 42- 62 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 100 mm and polyurethane glue in an amount of 38-58 wt. % or a mixture of polyurethane glue in an amount of 15-22 wt. % and rubber granules in the amount of 78-85 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm, and polyurethane glue in an amount of 12-17 wt. was used as the second material. % mixed with granulated ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM) in an amount of 83-88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with vulcanized thermoplastic elastomers (TPV) in an amount of 83-88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm or with thermoplastic vulcanized rubber in an amount of 83-88 wt. % with fraction sizes from 1 to 5 mm, while the layers of the first and second materials are connected to each other using a primer. 2. Decorative product according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickness of the layer of the second material is from 5 to 30 mm. 3. A decorative product according to claim 1, characterized in that a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer and/or an aliphatic isocyanate prepolymer is used as the base of the polyurethane adhesive. 4. Decorative product according to claim 1, characterized in that rubber granules are obtained by processing worn tires and rubber products (RTI). 5. A decorative product according to claim 1, characterized in that the primer is a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer or a mixture of a polyurethane binder based on a diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) prepolymer in an amount of 50-80 wt. % with a solvent in an amount of 20-50 wt. %. 6. Decorative product according to claim 5, characterized in that turpentine, or white spirit, or solvent, or gasoline is used as a solvent. 7. Decorative product according to claim 1, characterized in that the mixture of the second material contains coloring pigments.