RU2850446C1 - Cassette for transportation and storage of mines - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: charges and ammunition.

SUBSTANCE: cassette for transporting and storing mines, consisting of a rectangular body, cylindrical slots for placing shots and mines, which are connected by a frame. The cylindrical slots for placing shots and mines are located in several rows inside the cassette body. The cylindrical slot for storing mines is formed by a metal cylinder with a spring-loaded support bottom on which the mine rests, with grooves for the pins of the spring-loaded support bottom, and a retaining block on the open end of the cylindrical storage slot. The retaining block includes a spring-loaded stop lever with the possibility of abutting against the activating part of the mine body, with a sector for fixing and a lever for moving the stop lever. The cylindrical storage sockets are combined into a cassette with side walls, in the end part of which the bottom parts of the cylindrical storage sockets are fixed, and on the front part the open end parts with a retaining block on each storage socket are fixed.

EFFECT: ability to place equipped mines of various lengths and ensure quick removal of mines for combat use in self-propelled vehicles.

4 cl, 6 dwg

Description

Field of technology

The invention relates to the field of military equipment, storage and transportation of ammunition and is intended for the placement of shells and mines in self-propelled (self-propelled) artillery and armored vehicles, in particular for placement in cassettes and containers for storage and transportation.

State of the art

Reusable containers for storing and transporting ammunition are known (Patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2365871 dated 08/29/2007 and Patent of the Russian Federation for invention No. 2596381 dated 06/04/2015).

A container for storing and transporting ammunition, according to patent No. 2365871 dated August 29, 2007, is a housing made of a polymer composite material made in the form of a monocoque with stiffening elements, with an internal cavity, the stiffening element of the lower part of the monocoque is a lodgement for placing ammunition, and the stiffening element of the upper part of the monocoque is a transverse frame, a fixing element is attached to the lower part of the monocoque to prevent longitudinal and transverse movement of the ammunition, made in the form of a clamp made of steel strips fastened together, with elements for stacking and with elements for loading and unloading.

The disadvantage of the container is that it only allows storage and stacking of one type of shot and only one type of ammunition.

A metal reusable container for storing and transporting ammunition according to patent No. 2596381 comprises a lid, a base, a locking element and a carrying handle, characterized in that the base, just like the lid, consists of two separate compartments made in the form of semi-cylindrical parts, fixedly connected in a horizontal plane by means of rectangular rims with stacking elements, wherein for separate placement of the projectile and charge inside the container, two separate cavities are formed in the internal volume of the first semi-cylindrical compartment, and one cavity is formed in the internal volume of the second semi-cylindrical compartment.

The disadvantage is that the container can only hold ammunition of the same size, and for fixation, inserts made of heat-resistant thermal insulation material in the shape of the ammunition for storage and transportation are made inside the container.

A patent for a hermetically sealed packaging of gunpowder charges is known under patent No. RU 2237861 C2 (IPC F42B 39/00 (2000.01). Published: 10.10.2004 Bulletin No. 28) containing a socket with a rotating lever and a locking device installed on it. The socket has a hermetically sealed lid, on which a projection with an opening and an annular groove on the outside is made in the center, and at the end of the rotating lever there is a cylindrical projection, inside which a locking device with a seal is installed, sealing the opening of the lid.

The disadvantage of the sealed packaging of the charge, which excludes the ingress of dust and dirt during the operation of the self-propelled artillery system, is the difficulty of removing a short propellant charge mixed with the bottom of the nest, due to the cylindrical shape and depth of the nest, as well as the possibility of losing the sealed cover during operation, due to the lack of fastening to the nest.

A design of a case-type box for unitary artillery rounds for the navy is known, according to patent No. 2523532, IPC F42B 39/00. Published: 20.07.2014 Bulletin No. 20.

The box body is made of two pipes, rigidly connected horizontally by ferrules at the ends of the pipes, forming a rectangular shape with stacking elements. A bottom is installed at one end of each pipe, and a lid with a lock is installed at the other. Inserts are installed inside each pipe. The box is made primarily of fiberglass, while the inserts are made of polyurethane foam.

The safety of the shots, their free storage and secure fixation, as well as the possibility of stacking the boxes are ensured.

The disadvantage of these designs is that in such designs, the placement and fixation of projectiles is carried out only of a certain type or a certain length, and the concealment of the stored and transported cargo is not ensured (identification of property is possible by the type and size of the boxes).

It is not possible to bring the shots into their final loaded state without disassembling the package and, accordingly, the entire stack.

A known ammunition stowage system is patented under No. 2329460, IPC F42B 39/26, F41 9/00, published on July 20, 2008, Bulletin No. 20. The ammunition stowage system comprises rotating and locking ammunition housings with a common base having recesses, each housing having a side surface, a portion of which is designed in the form of a groove located above the recess and a crossbar with openings located corresponding to the recesses. The convex portions of the grooves face each other and the axis of rotation, while the upper portion of the housing is designed in the form of posts mounted on the lower portion parallel to the axis of rotation of the housing, on which bars with openings corresponding to the openings of the crossbar are mounted with the ability to move axially and be locked.

The ammunition stowage expands capabilities by accommodating large-sized ammunition of various sizes and placing ammunition in free areas of the fighting compartment.

The disadvantage of such ammunition racks is that the ammunition can only be stored vertically, and to remove the ammunition, it is necessary to release the clamping bar, lift it, and then remove the ammunition. To secure it securely, the clamping bar must be placed on the ogive of the ammunition or mine and secured with a screw.

The drawback is that not all ammunition is available for extraction at once. The ammunition rack must be rotated to extract the required ammunition. The ammunition rack has no side walls, and the ammunition is not protected from external impacts.

A device design for storing and transporting ammunition and missiles is known under patent RU 199714 U1 (IPC F42B 39/22 (2006.01). Application: 2019143865, 12/23/2019. Published: 09/16/2020 Bulletin No. 26), which represents a transportation and operational kit for ammunition and missiles, relates to the storage and transportation of ammunition and missiles, in particular to placement in containers for storage and transportation, selected as a prototype.

The disadvantage is that it only allows storage and stacking within the same range of shots.

The disadvantage is that the frame is a quickly disassembled structure of insufficient strength, which only allows for the storage of ammunition without transport. For transportation, the cases are equipped with inserts that prevent longitudinal and lateral movement, which ensures the safety of the ammunition during transportation and possible impacts during a fall.

The disadvantage is the lengthy process of removing ammunition from the cases, since the cases are provided with lids on both sides to allow the removal of the shells and shot components separately.

Technical problem: Factory packaging for storing and transporting rounds meets the requirements for long-term storage and transportation by all types of transport, but is practically unsuitable for placing rounds in a combat vehicle.

The problem, which the proposed invention is aimed at solving, is the creation of a compact cassette with the ability to place and hold loaded rounds and mines with a fuse, main and additional propellant charges, of various types and purposes (fragmentation, illuminating, incendiary, agitating, smoke-smoking, etc.), in the nests of the cassette, the length and shape of the ogive part to ensure protection and prevent external influences during transportation and storage with the ability to quickly remove.

The technical result is an increase in the rate of fire of mortar weapons when firing prepared, loaded rounds placed in cartridge nests on self-propelled artillery objects, armored vehicles due to a reduction in the time for extracting a round from a cartridge nest for firing a shot, the possibility of compact placement of ammunition in cartridges on a self-propelled artillery unit, a vehicle, with the possibility of repeated use during operation, an increase in safety during transportation and storage of loaded rounds and mines, a decrease in the probability of detonation of ammunition during an explosion.

The stated technical result is achieved by the fact that in a cassette for placing, transporting and storing mines, consisting of a rectangular cassette body with nests for placing shots and mines in them, arranged in several rows inside the cassette body and secured with ends in the walls of the body.

On the open end of the cylindrical socket, a flange with a locking mechanism for the ogive part of shots and mines is mounted.

Inside the cylindrical socket there is a spring-loaded sliding bottom on which the tail section of the mortar round or mine rests, ensuring that the ogive section of the round is pressed against the retainer.

The locking mechanism consists of a retainer in the form of a double-arm lever swinging on an axis fixed in a groove on a flange with a spring that ensures the position of the retainer in the radial direction towards the center of the socket for resting the profiled end of the lever against the ogive part of the shot.

On the other arm of the retainer lever, a handle is made for turning the retainer lever into a position that ensures the release of the ogive part of the mortar round with the possibility of extracting the round from the cylindrical socket under the action of springs fixed on the sliding bottom.

The cylindrical socket has longitudinal grooves in which the shaped projections of the support platform on which the sliding bottom is fixed move, the ends of the springs are fixed to the shaped projections, the other end of which is fixed to the projections of the flange on the open end of the socket, the cylindrical socket and the sliding bottom can be made of plastic, while the stiffness of the springs of the spring-loaded sliding bottom is calculated to hold the shot inside the cylindrical socket pressed against the retainer under the effect of accelerations caused by the movement of the vehicle on which the cassette for transporting and storing mines is installed.

The ends of the cylindrical sockets are inserted into the openings of the front and rear walls of the cassette body to form the cassette and are held by flanges with a locking mechanism and cups screwed onto the free end of the cylindrical socket, while the cylindrical sockets in the cassette are arranged in a rectangular grid or in a triangular grid depending on the diameter of the cylindrical socket and the dimensions of the cassette body.

The walls of the cassette housing have threaded holes for fasteners to secure the cassettes in the vehicle and to each other.

The wide range of rounds and mines used implies various geometric dimensions of the ammunition, differing between types, having different lengths and shapes of the ogive part, as well as a range of sizes of the overall length of rounds and mines, determined by manufacturing tolerances within the type of ammunition.

On the side wall of the cartridge body there are plates indicating the placement of shot numbers when placed in the cylindrical sockets of the cartridge.

The cassette for transporting and storing mines meets the tactical and technical requirements for ammunition containers, allows for the protection of ammunition during storage and ensures its safety during transportation with the ability to quickly extract the selected nomenclature of rounds and mines from the cylindrical sockets in any sequence.

Provides versatility, correct placement and secure fixation in a cylindrical socket of various types of mines of different lengths and loaded rounds.

The rigidity and strength of the design ensures safe handling of ammunition, and ease of use is ensured by the simple design of the holding device.

The proposed invention is capable of providing short-term storage of any round from the range of rounds used for a given combat vehicle, the ability to quickly extract it for loading and ease of loading, as well as ensuring integrity and protection from mechanical damage during combat use both during firing and during marches.

The claimed design of a cassette for transporting and storing mines is illustrated by the drawings presented in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6.

Fig. 1 - general view of the cassette for transporting and storing mines;

Fig. 2 shows a general view of a cassette with mines laid down;

Fig. 3 - a section of a cylindrical nest for placing a mine;

Fig. 4 is a local section of a cylindrical socket with a retention mechanism;

Fig. 5 is a front view of the cassette and the position of the retainer for holding and removing the mine from the nest;

Fig. 6 shows mines of different lengths and with an additional propellant charge in a cylindrical socket of the cassette.

The following designations are used in the drawings:

1- cassette body;

2- cylindrical socket;

3- sliding bottom;

4- support platform;

5- spring;

6- longitudinal groove;

7- ring;

8- flange;

9- glass;

10- limiter;

11- retainer;

12- handle;

13- axis;

14- sector;

15- flat spring;

16- threaded holes;

17-figured cutout;

18-plate.

The cassette for transporting and storing mines, the general appearance of which is shown in Figs. 1 and 2, consists of a cassette body 1 and cylindrical sockets 2 for placing shots and mines in them, secured with their ends in the openings of the walls of the body 1.

Inside the cylindrical socket 2 there is a spring-loaded sliding bottom 3 made of plastic or dense rubber, on which the tail section of the mortar round or mine rests, with a support platform 4 on which springs 5 are fixed on shaped protrusions (see drawing Fig. 3).

The shaped projections of the support platform 4 move in two longitudinal grooves 6 of the cylindrical socket 2. The springs 5 are secured to the shaped projections of the ring 7, pressed by the flange 8 to the front wall of the cassette body 1.

Flange 8 is screwed onto the end of cylindrical socket 2 from the outside of cassette body 1 to secure the end of cylindrical socket 2 in the opening of the front wall of cassette body 1.

To secure the other end of the cylindrical socket 2 in the opening of the cassette body 1, a cup 9 is screwed onto the end of the cylindrical socket 2. To limit the movement of the support platform 4, a limiter 10 is welded into the side walls of the cup 9.

The locking mechanism consists of a retainer I in the form of a double-arm lever with a handle 12, swinging on an axis 13 fixed in a groove on a flange 8 with a sector 14 and a flat spring 15, ensuring the position of the retainer 11 in the radial direction to the center of the cylindrical socket 2 for resting the retainer 11 against the ogive part of the shot (see drawing Figs. 4 and 5).

On the arm of the lever of the retainer 11, a handle 12 is made for turning the lever of the retainer 11 into a position that ensures the release of the ogive part of the mortar round with the possibility of extracting the round from the cylindrical socket 2 under the action of springs 5, secured to the shaped protrusions of the support platform 4 with the secured sliding bottom 3.

In the drawing (Fig. 5), the lever of the retainer 10 is turned and a mine is removed from the cylindrical socket 2 in the corner of the housing of the cartridge 1. Mines in the remaining sockets 2 are held by the levers of the retainer 10.

A flat spring 15 is riveted to the bottom of the retainer lever 11, the end of which, when it enters the holes in sector 14, fixes the retainer 11.

The drawing Fig. 6 shows mines of different lengths and with an additional propellant charge in a cylindrical socket 2.

The walls of the cassette housing 1 have threaded holes 16 and shaped cutouts 17 for fastening elements for securing the cassettes 1 in the vehicle and between each other. On the side wall of the cassette housing 1 are attached plates 18 indicating the placement of shot numbers when placed in cylindrical sockets 2 of the cassette housing 1 (see drawing Fig. 2).

For use, cartridge body 1 is secured in the body of a vehicle or artillery mount. Ammunition and mines are loaded and inserted into cylindrical receptacle 2 by rotating lever 12 of retainer 11, with the base of the ammunition or the fin of the mine resting on sliding base 3. Under the weight of the ammunition, springs 5 stretch, and support platform 4 with sliding base 3 descends. After applying pressure to the ogive of the ammunition, it is secured by rotating lever 11 until the shaped cutout rests against the ogive.

To extract ammunition from cylindrical socket 2, press on the ogive part of the ammunition, press it down and release the retainer 11, after which, pressing on handle 12, turn it relative to axis 13, releasing the ammunition, which, under the action of springs 5, is pushed out of cylindrical socket 2.

The proposed design of a cassette for transporting and storing mines can be used in self-propelled artillery and armored vehicles for storing and transporting mines.

The cassette for transporting and storing mines provides for the laying of all types of 82 mm caliber mines.

A prototype of the cassette of the proposed design was manufactured and installed on the Drok self-propelled mortar for testing.

The use of the proposed cassette for transporting and storing mines has increased the rate of fire from the mortar by reducing the time it takes to extract the round from the cassette socket to fire the round, which has improved the combat effectiveness of the Drok self-propelled mortar.

Claims (4)

1. A cartridge for transporting and storing mines, consisting of a rectangular cartridge body, nests for placing shots and mines in them, connected by a frame, characterized in that the cylindrical nests for placing shots and mines are located in several rows inside the cartridge body and are fixed with their ends in the walls of the body, a flange with a locking mechanism for the ogive part of shots and mines is mounted on the open end of the cylindrical nest, a spring-loaded sliding bottom is located inside the cylindrical nest, ensuring the pressing of the ogive part of the shot to the retainer, the locking mechanism consists of a retainer in the form of a two-arm lever swinging on an axis fixed in a groove on the flange, with a spring that ensures the position of the retainer in the radial direction to the center of the nest for abutment of the profiled end of the lever against the ogive part of the shot, on the other arm of the lever of the retainer there is a handle for turning the lever of the retainer to a position that ensures the release of the ogive part of the mortar round and the possibility of extraction fired from a cylindrical socket under the action of springs fixed to a sliding bottom. 2. A cassette for transporting and storing mines according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the cylindrical socket has longitudinal grooves in which the shaped projections of the support platform move, on which the base is secured, the ends of springs are secured to the shaped projections of the support platform, the other end of which is secured to the projections of the flange on the open end of the socket, the cylindrical socket and the sliding base can be made of plastic, and the rigidity of the springs of the spring-loaded sliding base is calculated to hold the shot inside the cylindrical socket pressed against the retainer when exposed to accelerations caused by the movement of the vehicle on which the cassette for transporting and storing mines is installed. 3. A cassette for transporting and storing mines according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the ends of the cylindrical sockets are inserted into the openings of the front and rear walls of the cassette body to form the cassette and are held by flanges with a locking mechanism and cups screwed onto the free end of the cylindrical socket, wherein the cylindrical sockets in the cassette are arranged in a rectangular grid or in a triangular grid depending on the diameter of the cylindrical socket and the dimensions of the cassette body. 4. A cassette for transporting and storing mines according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the walls of the cassette body have threaded holes for fastening the cassettes in the vehicle and between themselves; on the side wall of the cassette body there are attached plates indicating the placement of shot numbers when placed in the cylindrical sockets of the cassette.