RU2849898C1 - Assembled and disassembled bunker-doser - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: railway transport.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in the construction, repair and routine maintenance of railway tracks. The collapsible hopper-dispenser consists of interconnected trolleys, frames and hopper sections, including vertical rectangular cups. Each cup consists of an inner and a movable outer part, nested inside each other, with the possibility of adjusting the height of each outer part of the cup using two jacks rigidly fixed between the hopper frame and the outer movable part of the cup. The inner parts of the cups are equipped with lids controlled by levers. Each jack is equipped with a shaft and a handle that extend beyond the frame dimensions. Vertical cutouts are made in the frame to allow the jack shafts to move. Each section of the hopper is made with stiffening ribs. The sections of the hopper, frame and trolley are equipped with slinging lugs and are connected to each other by quick-release connections in the form of folding clamps, crossbars and fixed handles. The lever bending points for closing the cup covers are located at the level of the jacks. The cups located on each section of the hopper are connected to each other by a rigid connection. Inside the hopper sections, there are guide elements for distributing ballast between the cups. The frames, trolleys and bunker sections are designed to be placed and secured on inventory containers. The design of the joined bunker sections is equipped with a quick-release connection with a folding drawbar for attachment to a tractor. The jacks are rhombic with a mechanical drive.

EFFECT: collapsible design is improved, the labour intensity of assembly and disassembly is reduced, its reliability and rigidity are increased, the hopper-meter can be transported in inventory containers, and the productivity and safety of work when unloading ballast materials is increased.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of railway transport and can be used in the construction, repair and routine maintenance of railway tracks, in terms of transportation and mechanized unloading.

A device for distributing track ballast is known, comprising a body with railway running devices rigidly attached thereto and an unloading and metering mechanism mounted in the lower part of the body, equipped with a member for forming a ballast prism, installed with the possibility of manual adjustment. The width of the device for distributing track ballast in the transport position ensures its transportation by motor transport within the clearance limits for motor transport. The side walls of the body are designed with the possibility of rotation along the axis of movement to increase the volume of the body. The upper sheets of the end walls are designed with the possibility of rotation downwards to provide the clearance for unloading ballast from a dump truck along the track axis. Delivery of the device for distributing track ballast to the work site is carried out by one vehicle of category "E" [1].

The disadvantage of the track ballast distribution device is the low productivity of ballast distribution work and the impossibility of quickly assembling and disassembling the device into its main assembly elements, since the main structural elements are connected to each other by welded joints.

A mobile hopper-dispenser is known, comprising a frame mounted on two trolleys and a hopper resting on the frame with sloping end walls. For transportation by road, the hopper is assembled from two fully interchangeable, symmetrical sections secured with bolts. The sections contain four vertical rectangular cups (dispensers) nested within each other, with the outer cup height adjustable using two vehicle jacks for each, rigidly secured between the hopper frame and the outer movable portion of the cup (dispenser). The inner cups are equipped with lids controlled by levers. The mobile hopper-dispenser is delivered to the work site using two category "C" vehicles or, if necessary, one category "E" vehicle, with each hopper structure mounted on a special pallet, with the option of using this pallet with the trolleys for transporting the load. From the drawings of the mobile hopper-doser, it was revealed that each section of the hopper is equipped with two cups and four automobile jacks, while two jacks are located on one shaft, and the cups are not connected to each other [2].

The disadvantage of the mobile hopper-doser is the high labor intensity of assembly and disassembly of the structure due to the rigid connection between the sections of the hopper, frames and trolleys using bolted connections, due to the rigid connection of the four walls of each section of the hopper, low reliability of the structure due to the presence of one shaft in two automobile jacks, insufficient durability of the structure due to the inability to move the shaft when raising and lowering the jacks and cups, which leads to curvature of the shafts or their jamming, due to significant bending of the levers for closing the lids of the cups, which begins after the axis of fastening of the trolley, which leads to curvature of the levers or their jamming, insufficient rigidity of the structure due to the lack of a rigid connection between the cups placed on each section of the hopper, the absence of stiffeners at the side walls of the sections of the hopper, a high probability of injury to service personnel when opening and closing the lids of the cups using levers due to the implementation of the L-shaped handles of the levers, due to the lack of the absence of slinging eyes on the sections of the bunker, frames and trolleys, low productivity of ballast distribution work due to the absence of guide elements inside the bunker for distributing ballast between the cups, the difficulty of transportation by road and rail due to the need to find or make special pallets (lack of inventory packaging), due to the inability to place a box with spare parts and accessories (SPTA), due to the low attachment of the drawbar to the trolley and tractor.

The prototype is a mobile hopper-dispenser consisting of hopper sections, frames, and trolleys interconnected by four vertical rectangular cups nested within each other. The outer cup can be adjusted in height using two jacks, each rigidly mounted between the hopper frame and the outer movable part of the cup. The inner cups are equipped with lids controlled by levers. The inner wall of each hopper section is replaced with a load-bearing element. Each jack is equipped with a shaft and handle extending beyond the frame. Vertical cutouts are made in the hopper's side reinforcement elements to allow the shaft to move when adjusting the jacks. The cups and lids are designed as boxes with doors, which are raised to a predetermined height using jacks bolted to the hopper. The levers for opening and closing the flaps, as well as the levers for securing the flaps in the closed position, feature ergonomic handles. The side walls of the hopper sections are reinforced with stiffening ribs. The hopper sections and frame are equipped with slinging eyes [3].

The disadvantage of the mobile hopper-doser is the high labor intensity of assembly and disassembly of the structure due to the rigid connection between the sections of the hopper, frames and trolleys using bolted connections, insufficient reliability of the structure due to significant bending of the levers for closing the lids of the cups, the bending begins after the axis of fastening of the trolley, which leads to curvature of the levers or their jamming, insufficient rigidity of the structure due to the lack of a rigid connection between the cups located on each section of the hopper, low productivity of work on the distribution of ballast due to the absence of guide elements inside the hopper for distributing ballast between the cups, the complexity of transportation by road and rail due to the need to find or manufacture special pallets (lack of inventory packaging), the lack of the ability to place spare parts and accessories (spare parts), due to the lack of fastening of the drawbar to the sections of the hopper.

The invention is based on the task of improving the design and reducing the labor intensity of assembling and disassembling the structure by connecting sections of the hopper, trolleys and frames, frames and sections of the hopper to each other using quick-release connections made in the form of folding clamps, crossbars and fixed handles, increasing the reliability of the structure by providing bending points for the levers for closing the covers of the cups at the level of the jacks, increasing the rigidity of the structure by providing a rigid connection between the cups located on each section of the hopper, increasing the productivity of work on distributing ballast by providing guide elements inside the sections of the hopper for distributing ballast between the cups, ensuring transportation by road and rail transport by transporting the structure in inventory packaging, placing a box with spare parts and accessories on the frame, by providing a quick-release connection on the joined sections of the hopper for a folding drawbar and fastening it to the tractor.

The technical result of the claimed invention is an improvement of the collapsible design, a reduction in the labor intensity of assembling and disassembling the design, an increase in its reliability and rigidity, the possibility of transporting the dosing hopper in an inventory container, and an increase in the productivity and safety of work during unloading of ballast materials.

The technical result is achieved in that in a collapsible hopper-dispenser, consisting of trolleys, frames and hopper sections connected to each other, including vertical rectangular cups, each cup consists of an internal and a movable external part of the cup, nested one inside the other with the ability to adjust each external part of the cup in height using two jacks rigidly fixed between the hopper frame and the external movable part of the cup, the internal parts of the cups are provided with covers controlled by levers, each jack is made with a shaft and a handle extending beyond the dimensions of the frame, vertical cutouts are made in the frame to allow movement of the jack shafts, each section of the hopper is made with stiffening ribs, the sections of the hopper, frame and trolley are provided with slinging eyes.

The sections of the hopper, trolley and frame are connected to each other by quick-release connections in the form of folding clamps, crossbars and fixed handles.

The bending points of the levers for closing the cup lids are located at the level of the jacks.

The glasses located on each section of the bunker are connected to each other by a rigid connection.

Guide elements are installed inside the bunker sections to distribute ballast between the cups.

The frames, trolleys and sections of the bunker are designed to be stacked and secured on inventory containers.

The design of the connecting sections of the bunker is equipped with a quick-release connection with a folding drawbar for attachment to a tractor.

The jacks are made rhombic with a mechanical drive.

Thus, the declared design of the collapsible hopper-dispenser provides for the improvement of the collapsible design, a reduction in the labor intensity of its assembly and disassembly, an increase in reliability, rigidity, the possibility of transporting the hopper-dispenser in inventory containers and an increase in productivity during the unloading of ballast materials.

The essence of the invention is explained by the drawings, where Fig. 1 shows a general (axonometric) view of the collapsible hopper-dispenser; Fig. 2 shows an (axonometric) view of the collapsible hopper-dispenser from the drawbar side; Fig. 3 shows an (axonometric) view of a fragment of the hopper section fastening; Fig. 4 shows a top view of the collapsible hopper-dispenser; Fig. 5 shows a fragment of the shutter fastening in the cup; Fig. 6 shows a fragment of the fastening of automobile jacks on the cup; Fig. 7 shows the collapsible hopper-dispenser placed on the inventory container; Fig. 8 shows the process of installing the frame on the trolley; Fig. 9 shows a fragment of the arrangement of the cups of the collapsible hopper-dispenser; Fig. 10 shows a fragment of the arrangement of the shafts and handles of the collapsible hopper-dispenser.

The collapsible hopper-dispenser consists of interconnected trolleys 1, frames 2 and hopper sections 3, including vertical rectangular cups 4. Each cup 4 consists of an internal (not indicated in the drawing) and a movable external (not indicated in the drawing) parts of the cup 4, nested one inside the other (not indicated in the drawing) with the possibility of adjusting each external part (not indicated in the drawing) of the cup 4 in height (not indicated in the drawing) with the help of two (not indicated in the drawing) jacks 5, rigidly fixed between the frame 2 of the hopper (not indicated in the drawing) and the external movable part (not indicated in the drawing) of the cup 4. The internal parts (not indicated in the drawing) of the cups 4 are equipped with covers 6, controlled by levers 7. Each jack 5 is made with a shaft 8 and a handle (not indicated in the drawing), extending beyond the dimensions (not indicated in the drawing) Frame 2. Frame 2 has vertical cutouts (not shown in the drawing) to allow movement of shafts 8 of jacks 5. Each section of hopper 3 is provided with stiffening ribs (not shown in the drawing). Sections of hopper 3, frame 2, and trolley 1 are equipped with slinging eyes 9.

The sections of the hopper 3, trolley 2 and frame 1 are connected to each other (not indicated in the drawing) by quick-release connections (not indicated in the drawing) in the form of folding clamps 10, crossbars 11 and fixed handles 12.

The bending points (not indicated in the drawing) of the levers 7 for closing the lids 6 of the cups 4 are located at the level (not indicated in the drawing) of the placement of the jacks 5.

Glasses 4, located on each (not indicated in the drawing) section of bunker 3, are connected to each other by a rigid connection (not indicated in the drawing).

Inside (not shown in the drawing) sections of bunker 3, guide elements 13 are installed for distributing ballast (not shown in the drawing) between cups 4.

The design of frames 2, trolleys 1 and sections of bunker 3 is made with the possibility of laying (not indicated in the drawing) and fastening (not indicated in the drawing) on inventory container 14.

The design (not shown in the drawing) of the joined sections of the bunker 3 is equipped with a quick-release connection 15 with a folding drawbar 16 for fastening to a tractor (not shown in the drawing).

Jacks 5 are made rhombic (not indicated in the drawing) with a mechanical drive (not indicated in the drawing).

The operation of the collapsible hopper-dispenser is carried out as follows.

The collapsible hopper-dispenser (not indicated on the drawing) is delivered to the work site in inventory container 14, released from the fastenings (not indicated on the drawing), and the hopper-dispenser (not indicated on the drawing) is removed using lifting equipment (not indicated on the drawing) from the vehicle (not indicated on the drawing) to a pre-prepared site (not indicated on the drawing).

Before installation, it is necessary to inspect and clean the dosing hopper (not indicated in the drawing) from dirt and foreign objects (not indicated in the drawing).

To transfer the railway bogie 1 from the transport position (not indicated in the drawing) to the working position (not indicated in the drawing), it is necessary to release it from engagement (not indicated in the drawing) with the inventory container 14.

Using lifting equipment (not shown in the drawing), sling the lugs 9, remove and install the bogies 1 (with a lifting capacity of 14 tons) onto the railway track (not shown in the drawing).

Release frame 2 from the transport position (not shown in the drawing). Loosen the handles 12 of the clamping devices (not shown in the drawing). Using lifting equipment (not shown in the drawing), sling frame 2 to the eyes 9. Secure frame 2 to trolley 1 using handles 12 and crossbars 11.

Using lifting equipment (not shown in the drawing), remove half of the dosing hopper (not shown in the drawing) from the inventory container, sling it using the lugs 9 and install it on a flat horizontal platform (not shown in the drawing).

It is prohibited to stand or lean on half of the dosing hopper (not shown in the drawing).

Release the second half of the dosing hopper (not shown in the drawing) from the fastening on the inventory container 14 and install it on a flat, horizontal surface (not shown in the drawing).

Fix the halves of the dosing hopper (not shown in the drawing) with clamping devices 10 (fix the lower outer clamp first, fix the upper outer clamp second, fix the lower inner clamp third, and fix the clamps on the other side in the same sequence).

Place trolleys 1 on a flat surface (not shown in the drawing) at a distance of 1900 mm from each other (not shown in the drawing). Measure between the inner surfaces (not shown in the drawing).

Install the assembled dosing hopper (not shown in the drawing) on frames 2, mounted on trolleys 1, and secure with clamps 10.

Remove drawbar 16 from inventory container 14 and install it on the hopper-dispenser (not shown in the drawing), securing it with a pin (not shown in the drawing). Connect the hopper-dispenser (not shown in the drawing) to the tractor (not shown in the drawing) using drawbar 16. Move the hopper (not shown in the drawing) to the work area (not shown in the drawing).

The section of the railway track (not indicated on the drawing) intended for ballasting (not indicated on the drawing) shall be inspected for the presence of foreign objects and other obstacles (not indicated on the drawing) that may damage the dosing hopper (not indicated on the drawing).

Adjust the height (not shown in the drawing) of the ballast discharge (not shown in the drawing) (the adjustment is performed by the hopper-dispenser operator on a straight horizontal section of the track 15-20 m long (not shown in the drawing), the hopper-dispenser (not shown in the drawing) must be empty). It is necessary to change the height of the ballast discharge (not shown in the drawing) using jacks 5 (by rotating the handles (not shown in the drawing) of the shafts 8, so that in the transport position (not shown in the drawing) cups 4 should be in the 1-T clearance (not shown in the drawing), and the distance from the bottom (not shown in the drawing) of cup 4, measured along its four corners (not shown in the drawing), to the heads of the rails (not shown in the drawing) should be at least 85 mm (not shown in the drawing).

Close and fix the glasses 4 with lids 6 in the extreme upper position (not indicated in the drawing) using levers 7.

The glasses 4 of the dosing hopper (not indicated in the drawing) are in the upper position (not indicated in the drawing), in this position the jacks 5 are in the folded state (not indicated in the drawing).

Load the hopper-dispenser (not shown in the drawing) with ballast (not shown in the drawing). Ballast (not shown in the drawing) is loaded using a front-end loader (not shown in the drawing), an excavator (not shown in the drawing), or a conveyor (not shown in the drawing).

To unload the ballast (not indicated on the drawing), move the dosing hopper (not indicated on the drawing) to the work area (not indicated on the drawing).

Set the unloading level (not shown in the drawing). The level of the unloaded ballast (not shown in the drawing) is ensured by adjusting the lower edge of cup 4 at a specified distance (not shown in the drawing) from the upper rail head (not shown in the drawing), using jacks 5. Ensure that cups 4 do not touch the track superstructure components (not shown in the drawing).

With the help of levers 7, covers 6 are opened, ballast (not indicated in the drawing) is poured into cup 4. The incoming volume of ballast (not indicated in the drawing) is automatically limited by the support from below (not indicated in the drawing), on the side of the previously poured ballast (not indicated in the drawing).

The base vehicle with the metering hopper (not shown in the drawing) begins moving. The track section (not shown in the drawing) is ballasted. The hopper (not shown in the drawing) moves at a speed of no more than 1 km/h. The ballast (not shown in the drawing) entering the track and sleeper grid (not shown in the drawing) is leveled by the lower edges of the cups 4.

Unloading of ballast (not indicated on the drawing) must be carried out in such a way that before the obstacle (not indicated on the drawing) for the lowered cup 4 (bridge, switch, etc.), the dosing hopper (not indicated on the drawing) is completely unloaded, since the design of the dosing hopper (not indicated on the drawing) does not allow stopping the process of unloading ballast (not indicated on the drawing).

The mass of the collapsible hopper-dispenser (not indicated in the drawing) without inventory container 14 (not indicated in the drawing) is not less than 5 tons, the volume of the body (not indicated in the drawing) is not less than 12 cubic meters.

In the proposed collapsible hopper-dispenser, the effect of improving the design and reducing the labor intensity of assembly and disassembly of the structure is achieved by connecting the sections of the hopper, trolleys and frames, frames and sections of the hopper to each other using quick-release connections made in the form of folding clamps, crossbars and fixed handles.

The effect of increasing the reliability of the design is achieved by installing bending points for the levers for closing the cup lids at the level of the jack placement.

The effect of increasing the durability of the structure is achieved by installing a rigid connection between the glasses located on each section of the bunker.

The effect of increasing the productivity of ballast distribution work is achieved by installing guide elements inside the bunker sections for distributing ballast between the cups.

The effect of ensuring transportation by road and rail transport is achieved by transporting the structure in inventory packaging, placing a box with spare parts and accessories on the frame, by installing a quick-release connection on the mating sections of the bunker for the folding drawbar and attaching it to the tractor.

The proposed collapsible hopper-dispenser is a trailer equipment for the special frontal loader PFS-1, which is part of the universal track complex KPU-1, designed for transportation, mechanized unloading, laying on the track, dosing and distribution of ballast during the construction, repair and current maintenance of the railway track.

Sources of information

1. Utility Model of the Russian Federation No. 164361, "Device for distributing track ballast", priority dated June 7, 2015, IPC E01D 27/02. Authors: Ivanov V. Yu., Kosenkov O. I., Lagunov S. A., Muravyov O. I., Soloviev S. A., Shalin A. N. Patent Holder: Federal State Budgetary Institution "3rd Central Research Institute" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Published August 27, 2016. Bulletin No. 24.

2. Utility Model of the Russian Federation No. 163714, "Mobile Dosing Hopper", priority dated July 7, 2015, IPC E01D 27/02. Authors: Babakekhyan K.V., Drozdinets L.F., Ivanov V.Yu., Kosenkov O.I., Lagunov S.A., Soloviev S.A., Shalin A.N. Patent Holder: 3rd Central Research Institute of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation. Published August 10, 2016. Bulletin No. 22.

3. Report at the meeting of the OPZhT on September 14, 2018 by the chief designer Kharin I.V. - M .: Sinara transport machines, 2018. p. 37. https://docs.yandex.ru/docs/view?tm=1740397520&tld=m&lang=ru&name=2-Harin-I.Vpdf

Claims (1)

A collapsible hopper-dispenser consisting of interconnected trolleys, frames and hopper sections including vertical rectangular cups, each cup consists of an internal and a movable external part of the cup, nested one inside the other with the ability to adjust each external part of the cup in height using two jacks rigidly fixed between the hopper frame and the external movable part of the cup, the internal parts of the cups are provided with lids controlled by levers, each jack is made with a shaft and a handle extending beyond the dimensions of the frame, each section of the hopper is made with stiffening ribs, the sections of the hopper, frame and trolley are provided with slinging eyes, characterized in that the sections of the hopper, trolley and frame are connected to each other by quick-release connections in the form of folding clamps, crossbars and fixed handles, the bending points of the levers for closing the lids of the cups are located at the level of the jacks, the cups placed on each section of the hopper are connected between The hopper sections are rigidly connected, guide elements are installed inside the hopper sections to distribute ballast between the cups, the frames, trolleys and sections of the hopper are designed with the possibility of their placement and fastening on inventory containers, the design of the joined hopper sections is equipped with a quick-release connection with a folding drawbar.