RU2847282C1 - Mobile coal enrichment plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: coal enrichment.

SUBSTANCE: proposed invention relates to coal enrichment and can be used in the mining and processing industry. A mobile coal enrichment plant contains enrichment equipment installed on a vehicle. The enrichment equipment consists of an enrichment module and a thickening module. The enrichment module includes a heavy-medium 2-product pressureless hydrocyclone designed to obtain and direct concentrate and tailings to screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a centrifuge for dewatering 1-13 mm concentrate, obtained on one of the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a magnetic drum separator for regenerating substandard suspension obtained on the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, ensuring the production of magnetite concentrate and tailings, sent to a classifying hydrocyclone, designed with the possibility of sending the thickened product of the 0.5-1 mm class for enrichment to a spiral separator, designed with the possibility of sending the concentrate for dewatering to a centrifuge for dewatering together with the concentrate of the 1-13 mm class, obtained on one of the screens for washing magnetite suspension and sending the waste to the screen for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering together with the heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone tailings and pump units. The thickening module includes a plate thickener for receiving fine sludge with a size of 0-0.5 mm from classifying hydrocyclones, designed with the possibility of sending the thickened product to a belt filter press for dewatering with the separation of filtrate and cake, pump units and a return water tank. The transport means are two trawls designed to be transported by tractor-trailers, one of which is equipped with an enrichment module and the other with a thickening module.

EFFECT: ensuring coal enrichment in close proximity to the mining site while maintaining autonomy, environmental safety and the possibility of moving the enrichment plant.

1 cl, 5 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to coal enrichment and can be used in the mining and enrichment industry.

Coal preparation plants are widely known, which are mining enterprises for processing large volumes of raw materials extracted from one or a group of mining enterprises (mines or open pits).

The disadvantages of enrichment plants include their construction being feasible only for relatively large volumes of raw materials (several million tons per year), requiring expensive, time-consuming, and labor-intensive preparatory and maintenance work, and high energy and water consumption. Enrichment plants are capital construction projects, making them difficult to relocate. Waste from enrichment plants significantly pollutes the environment at their sites and requires processing and reclamation.

A mobile processing plant is well-known, such as the "Pervoprohodec" processing plant (website address: https://addrecovery.ru/mobilnaja-zif-pervoprohodec/). This processing plant is designed for both gold mining at small deposits and for bulk sampling during geological exploration, with a capacity of up to 500 tons per day. The "Pervoprohodec" processing plant cannot be used for coal beneficiation.

The closest analogue to the proposed invention is a mobile coal beneficiation plant, comprising beneficiation equipment linked into a single process flow diagram and mounted on a lowboy (EP 0659487 A1). This beneficiation plant is designed for coal beneficiation using a heavy-media drum separator. The disadvantages of this plant include the lack of equipment for slurry water clarification and coal slurry beneficiation.

The technical result of the invention consists in ensuring the enrichment of coal in the immediate vicinity of the mining site while maintaining autonomy, environmental safety and the possibility of moving the enrichment plant.

The technical result is achieved in that a mobile coal beneficiation unit containing beneficiation equipment installed on a vehicle consists of a beneficiation module and a thickening module, wherein the beneficiation module includes a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone configured to receive and direct concentrate and tailings into screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a centrifuge for dewatering concentrate of class 1-13 mm obtained on one of the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a magnetic drum separator for regenerating substandard suspension obtained on the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, ensuring the production of magnetite concentrate and tailings sent to a classifying hydrocyclone configured to direct the thickened product of class 0.5-1 mm for enrichment in a spiral separator configured to direct the concentrate for dewatering in a centrifuge for dewatering together with a concentrate of class 1-13 mm, obtained on one of the screens for washing the magnetite suspension and directing the waste to a screen for washing the magnetite suspension and dewatering together with the tailings of a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone and pumping units, and the thickening module includes a plate thickener for receiving fine sludge of size 0-0.5 mm from classifying hydrocyclones, made with the possibility of directing the thickened product to a belt filter press for dewatering with the separation of filtrate and cake, pumping units and a recirculating water tank, wherein two lowboys are used as a transport means, made with the possibility of transportation by truck tractors, on one of which an enrichment module is installed, and on the other - a thickening module.

The invention is illustrated by a drawing, where the figures show:

Fig. 1 - Layout plan of the mobile unit in working position;

Fig. 2 - Enrichment module;

Fig. 3 - Thickening module;

Fig. 4 - Proposed equipment connection diagram;

Fig. 5 - Qualitative and quantitative diagram of a mobile enrichment plant.

The figures show the following positions:

Figure 1

pos. 1 - enrichment module;

pos. 2 - thickening module;

pos. 3 - sump for preparation of magnetite suspension;

pos. 4 - waste conveyor;

pos. 5 - concentrate conveyor;

pos. 6 - cake conveyor;

pos. 7 - run-of-mine coal conveyor;

Figure 2

pos. 8 - heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone;

pos. 9 - screen for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering enrichment products;

pos. 10 - pump unit;

pos. 11 - pump unit;

pos. 12 - screen for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering enrichment products;

pos. 13 - pump unit;

pos. 14 - vibrating centrifuge;

pos. 15 - pump unit;

pos. 16 - magnetic drum separator;

pos. 17 - pump unit;

pos. 18 - classifying hydrocyclone;

pos. 19 - spiral separator

Figure 3

pos. 20 - plate thickener;

pos. 21 - pump unit;

pos. 22 - pump unit;

pos. 23 - pump unit;

pos. 24 - belt press filter;

pos. 25 - pump unit;

pos. 26 - circulating water tank;

pos. 27 - SPF

The mobile coal enrichment plant MOU-1 with a capacity of 100 t/h is a mobile complex of equipment for enriching run-of-mine coal of class 0-50 mm, with the production of final products - concentrate and waste.

The invention is carried out as follows.

The main process equipment is mounted on two lowboys (Fig. 1, items 1 and 2). These lowboys are transported by tractor units to the mobile coal enrichment plant site. Belt conveyors (items 4, 5, 6, and 7) and a magnetite slurry preparation sump (item 3) are also transported to the site on a separate vehicle.

The placement of modules and conveyor belts at the work site can vary depending on the location of coal feed points, tailings, and finished product. The unit can be relocated if necessary.

The mobile coal enrichment plant includes: a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone (item 8), screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering enriched products (items 9, 12), a centrifuge for dewatering commercial products (item 14), a magnetic drum separator (item 16), classifying hydrocyclones (item 18), spiral separators (item 19), a plate thickener (item 20), a belt filter press (item 24), belt conveyors and pumping units, the water-slurry circuit is closed, water can be supplied by pumps from autonomous sources, and power can be supplied by one or more diesel generators.

The mobile enrichment plant operates as follows:

Coal in the 0-50 mm class is fed into a heavy-medium, two-product, gravity-fed hydrocyclone (item 8), where it is beneficiated and separated into two products: concentrate and waste. The 0-50 mm class concentrate is then fed to a screen (item 9) for deslurry washing and dewatering, where the following products are separated: the rated slurry, the off-grade slurry, and the dewatered beneficiated concentrate.

The concentrate of class 13-50 mm is fed by a belt conveyor (item 5) to the warehouse of commercial products.

The concentrate of class 1-13 mm from the screen (pos. 9) is fed for dewatering to the centrifuge (pos. 14), with the separation of dewatered concentrate and centrate.

The dehydrated concentrate from the centrifuge (item 14) is fed by a belt conveyor (item 5) to the warehouse for commercial products.

The waste from the heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone (item 8) is fed to a screen (item 12) for washing from suspension and dewatering, where the following are separated: substandard suspension and dewatered enrichment waste.

The rated slurry is returned to the beneficiation process. The unrated slurry is fed to a magnetic drum separator (item 16) for regeneration, where magnetite concentrate and regeneration tailings are recovered.

Magnetite concentrate is returned to the beneficiation process, and the regeneration tailings from the magnetic drum separator are fed to classifying hydrocyclones (item 18) for classification. The classifying hydrocyclones (item 18) separate the sludge into 0.5 mm particles. The thickened product from the classifying hydrocyclones (item 18) (0.5-1 mm) is fed to spiral separators (item 19) for enrichment, whereby concentrate (0.5-1 mm) is separated from waste (0.5-1 mm).

The concentrate from the spiral separators (pos. 19) of class 0.5-1 mm is fed for dewatering to the centrifuge (pos. 14) together with the concentrate of class 1-13 mm.

Waste from spiral separators, class 0.5-1 mm, is fed to a screen (item 12) for dewatering. Dewatered waste, class 0.5-50 mm, is fed by a belt conveyor (item 4) to the waste storage area.

Fine sludge from classifying hydrocyclones (item 18) of class 0-0.5 is fed to the plate thickener (item 20) for thickening. The plate thickener overflow is used as recirculating water, and the thickened product from the plate thickener is fed to a belt filter press (item 24) for dewatering, with separation of filtrate and cake. The cake is transported to the cake storage area by a belt conveyor (item 6).

Water-slurry circuit, closed through a plate thickener (pos. 20).

In the preferred embodiment of the proposed invention, energy supply is carried out by means of a diesel generator.

Table 1 below presents the equipment characteristics of a mobile enrichment plant with a capacity of 100 t/h.

The following is a list of equipment that can be used in the mobile enrichment plant process, broken down by operation:

2. Extraction of the useful component using the heavy media method.

Equipment used:

2.1. WEMCO heavy-medium drum separator;

2.2. Heavy-medium drum separator SBS5;

2.3. DISAS type separator;

2.4. Separator type SKV;

2.5. Separator type SKVP;

2.6. Heavy-medium centrifugal-gravity separator (CGTS);

2.7. Heavy-medium separator "Teska";

2.8. Trough-type heavy-medium separator "McNally Lo-Flo";

2.9. Trough-type heavy-medium separator "McNally Trompe";

2.10. Ridley Skol bath-type heavy-medium separator;

2.11. Heavy-medium separator type "OOS"

2.12. Heavy-medium separator type "Druboy"

2.13. Norvolta-type heavy-medium separator

2.14. Heavy-medium separator type "NCB Vorsil";

2.15. Heavy-medium separator type "DianaWirepool";

2.16. Heavy-medium separator type "Larcodems";

2.17. Heavy-medium separator type "Tri-Flo";

2.18. Heavy-medium separator type "SeproCondor";

2.19. Heavy-medium two-product hydrocyclones;

2.20. Heavy-medium three-product hydrocyclones.

3. Washing and dehydration of commercial products.

Equipment used:

3.1. Light-duty inertial screen;

3.2. Heavy-duty inertial screen;

3.3. Light-type self-balancing inertial screen;

3.4. Heavy-duty self-balancing inertial screen;

3.5. Tabor type screen;

3.6. Conn-Weld type screen;

3.7. Screen type SF;

3.8. SS type screen;

3.9. Screen type SkH;

3.10. Vibrating screen with circular motion.

4. Regeneration of magnetite suspension. Equipment used:

4.1. Electromagnetic drum separator:

1) with a direct-flow bath;

2) with a counter-current bath;

3) with a semi-countercurrent bath;

4) with a semi-countercurrent circulation bath;

5) with a regeneration bath.

4.2. Magnetic drum separator:

1) with a direct-flow bath;

2) with a counter-current bath;

3) with a semi-countercurrent bath;

4) with a semi-countercurrent circulation bath;

5) with a regeneration bath.

5. Thickening of coal slurries.

Equipment used:

5.1. Cylindrical-conical thickener;

5.2. Radial thickener;

5.3. Combined type thickener;

5.4. Thin-layer thickener;

5.5. Plate thickener;

5.6. Thickening funnels;

5.7. High-pressure thickening funnels;

5.8. Thickeners of the “E-cat” type.

6. Dewatering of coal sludge.

Equipment used:

6.1. Vacuum disc filters;

6.2. Vacuum disc filters with ceramic elements;

6.3. Belt filter presses;

6.4. Vacuum belt filter;

6.5. Chamber filter press;

6.6. Chamber-membrane filter press;

6.7. Concentration tables.

7. Auxiliary equipment.

Transport equipment:

7.1. Elevators;

7.2. Stationary scraper conveyors;

7.3. Belt conveyors;

7.4. Rope conveyors;

7.5. Plate conveyors;

7.6. Spiral conveyors;

8. Pumping equipment:

8.1. Coal suckers;

8.2. Centrifugal pumps;

8.3. Slurry pumps;

8.4. Vacuum pumps;

8.5. Pulp pumps.

Table 2 shows the explication of the equipment shown in the drawing figures with performance data.

A mobile coal beneficiation plant comprising beneficiation equipment mounted on a vehicle, characterized in that the beneficiation equipment consists of a beneficiation module and a thickening module, wherein the beneficiation module includes a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone configured to produce and direct concentrate and tailings into screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a centrifuge for dewatering concentrate of class 1-13 mm obtained on one of the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a magnetic drum separator for regenerating substandard suspension obtained on screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, ensuring the production of magnetite concentrate and tailings sent to a classifying hydrocyclone configured to direct the thickened product of class 0.5-1 mm for beneficiation into a spiral separator configured to direct the concentrate for dewatering into a centrifuge for dewatering together with a concentrate of class 1-13 mm, obtained on one of the screens for washing the magnetite suspension and directing the waste to a screen for washing the magnetite suspension and dewatering together with the tailings of a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone and pumping units, and the thickening module includes a plate thickener for receiving fine sludge of size 0-0.5 mm from classifying hydrocyclones, made with the possibility of directing the thickened product to a belt filter press for dewatering with the separation of filtrate and cake, pumping units and a recirculating water tank, wherein two lowboys are used as a transport means, made with the possibility of transportation by truck tractors, on one of which an enrichment module is installed, and on the other - a thickening module.

The project for creating the proposed invention provides for three control modes:

1. Automatic - main.

2. Remote - auxiliary.

3. Local - adjustment.

The proposed mobile coal enrichment plant has the following advantages:

- no need for foundations;

- no need for construction of capital structures;

- minimum installation time;

- different arrangements of enrichment modules and belt conveyors at the work site are possible depending on the configuration of the placement site.

The closed water-slurry circuit adopted in the technology of the proposed mobile enrichment plant ensures the minimization of the amount of additional water required in the enrichment process.

The simplicity, reliability and high maintainability of the equipment used, as well as the high degree of automation of the coal enrichment process, allow for a reduction in the number of maintenance personnel.

The production of semi-dry waste (cake) using a filter press reduces the negative environmental impact. This invention ensures environmentally friendly coal processing through the use of reagent-free enrichment processes and the storage of dehydrated tailings.

Due to the low energy consumption of the equipment used, the installation can be powered either through the power grid or by an autonomous diesel generator.

Depending on certain conditions (features of the deposit, development, infrastructure and the site for the installation), the commissioning period ranges from seven to thirty days.

These advantages ensure stable autonomous operation of a mobile coal enrichment plant for coal deposits, including those located in remote and hard-to-reach areas.

The proposed invention offers high technological performance and reduces capital and operating costs for enrichment. The design, layout, and equipment used in the proposed invention meet modern environmental and energy conservation requirements. The invention enables the cost-effective development of small coal deposits, which may be located in hard-to-reach areas and remote from existing infrastructure.

Claims (1)

A mobile coal beneficiation plant comprising beneficiation equipment mounted on a vehicle, characterized in that the beneficiation equipment consists of a beneficiation module and a thickening module, wherein the beneficiation module includes a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone configured to produce and direct concentrate and tailings into screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a centrifuge for dewatering concentrate of class 1-13 mm obtained on one of the screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, a magnetic drum separator for regenerating substandard suspension obtained on screens for washing magnetite suspension and dewatering, ensuring the production of magnetite concentrate and tailings sent to a classifying hydrocyclone configured to direct the thickened product of class 0.5-1 mm for beneficiation into a spiral separator configured to direct the concentrate for dewatering into a centrifuge for dewatering together with a concentrate of class 1-13 mm, obtained on one of the screens for washing the magnetite suspension and directing the waste to a screen for washing the magnetite suspension and dewatering together with the tailings of a heavy-medium 2-product non-pressure hydrocyclone and pumping units, and the thickening module includes a plate thickener for receiving fine sludge of size 0-0.5 mm from classifying hydrocyclones, made with the possibility of directing the thickened product to a belt filter press for dewatering with the separation of filtrate and cake, pumping units and a recirculating water tank, wherein the transport means are two lowboys made with the possibility of transportation by truck tractors, on one of which an enrichment module is installed, and on the other - a thickening module.