RU2847072C1 - Device for producing shells by bending - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: metal forming.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming, particularly, to tooling used for making various-size shells by bending. Proposed device comprises top and bottom plates, puncheon holder with bending puncheon and bending matrix secured to matrix holder. Provided is expansion puncheon having working planes arranged at angle of 90° to each other. Support is arranged on bottom plate to support puncheon holder jointed with right half-matrix and matrix holder jointed with left half-matrix. To advance the workpiece by a feed pitch, master and guide rollers which can move in the horizontal plane are used. Left and right half-matrices can be pressed against each other by springs and pulled apart by expanding puncheon.

EFFECT: expanded operating performances.

2 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to metal forming, in particular to equipment used in sheet metal stamping, and is intended for bending cylindrical shells of various sizes, including large ones, and can be used in sheet metal stamping production in single-piece and small-scale production of large items.

A method and device for bending shells from flat blanks using rollers are well known and are widely used in heavy engineering [Chudakov E.A. Volume 5. Section 3. Machine Manufacturing Technology: Mechanical Engineering: Encyclopedic Handbook: Handbook. - Moscow: State Scientific and Technical Publishing House of Mechanical Engineering Literature, 1947. - 564]. This equipment does not require additional tooling. However, due to the limited size of the resulting shells, determined by the size of the rollers, this equipment is not universal and is designed for a specific diameter of the products obtained. In addition, the possibilities of its application are also limited by the relatively high cost of the rollers, especially for large-diameter shells, and the rare use of this equipment at most mechanical engineering plants.

The closest solution from the known devices is a stamp for producing cylindrical shells of flexible [RU No. 2802880, published 09/05/2023], containing upper and lower plates, a matrix and a punch holder with a bending punch, characterized in that the bending punch is made composite in the form of a cylinder, having the ability to change its length and diameter, and is mounted with the ability to move in a horizontal plane in the punch holder, the matrix is made replaceable from two halves equipped with rollers made with the ability to move in a horizontal plane, the length of which corresponds to the length of the punch, and the upper and lower plates are made removable, have T-shaped grooves and consist of blocks with dimensions made with the ability to assemble from them plates with dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of the press table, while the blocks are connected to each other by pins with the ability to adjust the gap between them. However, its production requires quite large expenditures, and it is not possible to use the equipment available at most mechanical engineering and metallurgical plants in the form of crank and hydraulic presses with small working spaces.

The technical objective of the invention is to expand the technological capabilities of a device for producing cylindrical shells of various diameters for the purpose of using it in single-piece and small-scale production in the presence of crank and hydraulic presses with small working space dimensions and the possibility of carrying out bending outside the working space of the press.

The technical result is an increase in the efficiency of the sheet metal stamping process due to the use of the claimed device.

The technical result is achieved in that in a device for producing flexible shells, comprising upper and lower plates made with T-shaped grooves, a bending punch, a punch holder, a bending die, what is new is that it is equipped with a die holder to which the bending die is attached, an expanding punch made with the possibility of moving in a vertical plane and having working planes located at an angle of 90° to each other, a support placed on the lower plate on which the punch holder with the bending punch and the die holder fixed thereto are located, a left half-die connected to the die holder, a right half-die connected to the punch holder, and feed and guide rollers for advancing the workpiece by the feed step, made with the possibility of moving in a horizontal plane, wherein the left and right half-dies are made with the possibility of being pressed against each other in the initial position by means of springs and expanding Under the action of a spreading punch, the left half-die moves the bending die to perform the bending operation. The device is designed to perform bending on the press outside its working area, limited by the upper and lower press plates.

The design features of the claimed device, compared to the prototype, characterized by distinctive features, make it possible to expand its technical capabilities and manufacture cylindrical shells of various sizes, including large diameters.

In comparison with the prototype, the proposed device has the following distinctive features.

The device, using a press-driven movement mechanism formed by a vertically movable spreading punch and a spring-compressed die, enables bending large sheet metal blanks, as well as producing closed-radius parts from blanks with a profile cross-section (circle, channel, and angle). Feed rollers automatically feed the blank into the bending die, formed by the bending die and the bending punch, during each metal deformation cycle. Guide rollers are necessary for forming closed-ring parts as a portion of the blank is bent during each processing cycle. The feed and guide rollers rotate and move horizontally along the blank, which is necessary to release their deformed parts and advance them to the feed step.

Another distinctive feature, important for use in single-unit and small-batch production using crank and hydraulic presses with small working volumes and sufficient force, is the ability to perform bending outside the press's working area, limited by the upper and lower press plates. This increases the useful working area of the proposed device. Therefore, the proposed device can be used to manufacture large-diameter ring-shaped parts in a die with the bending unit located outside the press's working area.

The invention is illustrated by drawings. Fig. 1 shows a general view of a device for bending shells. Fig. 2 shows a view of the device before the bending process begins. Fig. 3 shows a view of the device during bending.

The device for bending shells 1 from a sheet blank 2 consists of an upper 3 and lower 4 press plate with T-shaped grooves, on which the upper part of the stamp 5 with an expanding punch 6 is fixed. The left half-die 7 and the right half-die 8 are compressed by means of springs 9. A bending die 11 is fixed to the left end of the die holder 10. The punch holder 12, on the end of which a bending punch 13 is fixed, is placed on a support 14 in the lower part of the stamp 15. The setting rollers 16 and the guide rollers 17 are located outside the bending zone.

When the press slider moves downwards, the expanding punch 6 with working planes made at 90° to each other expands the semi-dies 7 And 8, pressed in the initial position against each other by springs 9. The feed rollers 16 feed the workpiece 2 into the bending zone and, with the help of the bending die 11 and the bending punch 13, bend a part of the workpiece. Then the rollers 16, moving in the horizontal plane, release the workpiece 2, the punch 6 rises to the initial upper position and the half-dies 7 and 8, under the action of the springs 9, take the initial position, and the bent section of the shell 1, falling into the rollers 17, is advanced by them, taking an annular shape. Next, the feed rollers 16 advance the workpiece 2 by the feed step, the spreading punch 6 moves downward, and the half-die 7, moving the die 11, similarly performs the next bending cycle, forming the shell 1 in the form of an annular part.

Thus, the claimed invention makes it possible to increase the efficiency of the sheet metal stamping process by expanding the technological capabilities of the device for producing shells of various diameters for the purpose of using it in single-piece and small-scale production in the presence of crank and hydraulic presses with small working space dimensions and the possibility of bending outside the working space of the press.

Claims (2)

1. A device for producing flexible shells, comprising upper and lower plates made with T-shaped grooves, a bending punch, a punch holder, a bending die, characterized in that it is equipped with a die holder to which the bending die is attached, an expanding punch made with the possibility of movement in a vertical plane and having working planes located at an angle of 90° to each other, a support placed on the lower plate on which the punch holder with the bending punch and the die holder fixed thereto are located, a left half-die connected to the die holder, a right half-die connected to the punch holder, and feed and guide rollers for advancing the workpiece by the feed step, made with the possibility of movement in a horizontal plane, wherein the left and right half-dies are made with the possibility of being pressed against each other in the initial position by means of springs and moving apart under the action of the expanding punch with provision for movement of the bending matrix by the left half-matrix to carry out bending. 2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is designed with the possibility of performing bending on a press outside its working area, limited by the upper and lower plates of the press.