RU2846228C1 - Excavator bucket - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: construction and road machines.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to construction and road machinery and may be used in excavators. Excavator bucket, including side walls, rigid bottom, blade system with cutting edge and bucket rotation drive, characterized in that the bottom of the bucket is lined with a rectangular flexible chain net of constant width equal to the distance between the side walls of the bucket, into which metal rods are passed through and fixed over the width of the bucket, wherein one end of chain net is articulated nearby bucket cutting edge while opposite end is secured at the most remote metal rod whereon chains are pivoted thereto and coupled via roller unit with bucket drive levers.

EFFECT: improved cleaning of excavator bucket from stuck soil due to its forced unloading.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to construction and road machinery and can be used on excavators.

An excavator bucket is known [SU 1789599 A1, 23.01.1993, IPC E02F3/40], which includes a mounting belt, side walls, a visor with a cutting edge and a flexible bottom made of longitudinal rows of individual links of different masses, hingedly connected to the mounting belt and visor, the links in the rows are made with an increase in their mass from the longitudinal plane of symmetry of the bucket to its side walls, and the installation pitch of the rows of links is directly proportional to the difference in mass of the corresponding links.

The disadvantages of this design are soil loss through gaps in the links and reduced rigidity due to the absence of a bottom.

An excavator bucket is known [SU 1493747 A2, 15.07.1989, IPC E02F3/40], consisting of a bottom, a rear wall and side walls. Long flexible elements are attached to the front part of the bottom and to the rear wall, onto which cylindrical loads with guide holes are placed. In this case, the guide holes are located with an eccentricity with respect to the longitudinal axes of the cylinders, passing through their centers of gravity.

The disadvantages of the analogue are the reduced ability of the bucket to self-clean and forced unloading due to the lack of a drive for flexible elements, as well as the penetration of soil under the flexible elements through large gaps caused by the diameter of the cylindrical loads.

The closest solution chosen as a prototype is an excavator bucket [RU 2030511 C1, 10.03.1995, IPC E02F3/40].

The disadvantage of this solution is the limited lifting capacity of the cables holding the flexible bottom made of T-shaped plates. These cables are also subject to abrasion and damage during digging. Breaking the cables will lead to the tearing off of the flexible bottom of the bucket, loss of soil and failure of the bucket. Another disadvantage is the loss of soil through the gaps between the T-shaped plates, which excludes the possibility of this bucket working with loose soils. Also, due to the absence of a bottom, the bucket's rigidity is impaired, and the digging force is transmitted only by the side walls.

The proposed invention is aimed at solving the problem of increasing the productivity of an excavator when working on sticky soils. The problem is solved by cleaning the excavator bucket from stuck soil and forcibly unloading it.

The bucket consists of a bottom 1, side walls 2 and a cutting edge 3. The bottom of the bucket is lined with a rectangular flexible chain net 4, one end of which is hingedly fixed at the cutting edge of the bucket, the other through a roller block 5 is connected by chains 6 to the bucket drive levers 7. The block roller has a semicircular groove and an eye 8 to prevent the chain from breaking off. Metal rods 9 are threaded and secured into the net along the width of the bucket, providing the net with a constant width equal to the distance between the side walls of the bucket, and on the last rod 10 a hinged fastening of the chains connecting the net to the bucket drive levers is made.

The essence of the claimed invention is explained by graphic materials, where Fig. 1 shows a side view of the bucket, and Fig. 2 shows the inside of the bucket, namely:

1 - bottom of the bucket;

2 - side walls of the bucket;

3 - cutting edge of the bucket;

4 - rectangular flexible chain network;

5 - roller block;

6 - chains;

7 - bucket drive lever;

8 - eye;

9 - metal rods;

10 - rod with hinged chain mount.

The device operates as follows. At the start of digging, the bucket is in the open position, and the rectangular flexible chain net 4 is stretched. As scooping proceeds, due to the movement of the bucket rotation drive levers 7, the tension of the chains 6 weakens, the net 4 is pressed by the scooped soil and takes the shape of the bottom of the bucket 1. During unloading, the chains 6 stretch the net 4 and the soil is pushed out of the bucket, while the edges of the net 4 clean the stuck soil from the side walls 2. Cleaning of the net 4 itself is carried out due to the mutual collision of its links.

The bucket is designed to optimize the excavator's operation with wet soil types by improving its filling capacity, as well as saving labor and time costs for cleaning the bucket from soil that has stuck in previous digging cycles, by mechanizing the cleaning process. Due to the presence of a rigid bottom, the bucket can also be used on dry and loose soils both with and without a chain net, due to the possibility of its quick dismantling.

Claims (1)

An excavator bucket comprising side walls, a rigid bottom, a knife system with a cutting edge and a bucket rotation drive, characterized in that the bottom of the bucket is lined with a rectangular flexible chain network of constant width equal to the distance between the side walls of the bucket, into which metal rods are threaded and secured across the width of the bucket, wherein one end of the chain network is pivotally secured at the cutting edge of the bucket, and the other end of the network is secured to the metal rod furthest from the cutting edge, on which chains are pivotally secured, connected via a roller block to the levers of the bucket drive.