RU2844566C1 - Method of recycling radioactive isotopes of hydrogen and apparatus for implementation thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treating radioactively contaminated material.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to recycling radioactive isotopes of hydrogen and can be used in nuclear power engineering. Proposed method comprises forcing hydrogen-oxygen gas mix through catalyst bed with oxidation of hydrogen to water, pre-heating of gas mix to 120-150 °C and afterburning of said mix in inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in closed circuit. Heat removal is provided by cooling agent circulation through annular space of catalytic burner with varying speed with maintenance of cooling agent temperature in range of 40 °C at burner inlet and not more than 90 °C at outlet. It is preferable to maintain excess oxygen at the level of not less than 50% taking into account data obtained from analysers of oxygen and hydrogen content, which are installed on inlet of air compressor.

EFFECT: reduced fire hazard of the process of recycling hydrogen isotopes while simplifying the start of the catalytic oxidation reaction in the burner and improving heat removal.

8 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The group of inventions is linked by a single inventive concept, relates to the field of nuclear energy and can be used for the disposal of radioactive substances, in particular, for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes (tritium, deuterium) without gas discharges during operation.

There are known methods for purifying gases from hydrogen isotopes based on physical and chemical purification methods. Physical purification methods are based on differences in the physical properties of gases and include the use of membranes made of materials with selective permeability for hydrogen, low-temperature distillation, adsorption and absorption of hydrogen on various materials. Chemical purification methods are based on the oxidation of hydrogen isotopes and subsequent capture of the resulting oxide in various traps (L.F. Belovodsky, V.K. Gaevoy, V.I. Grishmanovsky. Tritium. - M.: Energoatomizdat, 1985, p.).

A known method for removing hydrogen from gases consists in taking air containing hydrogen from a room, passing it through an apparatus containing a catalyst in which hydrogen is oxidized at room temperature, the resulting water is adsorbed on the same catalyst, after which the purified air is sent back into the room. In this case, the catalyst is a material consisting of a tin and aluminum oxide carrier impregnated with 0.25-2.5 wt.% platinum and 0.25-2.5 wt.% palladium (EPO Application No. 0089183 for the invention "Method for Removing Hydrogen from Gases", published on 21.09.83 IPC C01B 3/58, B01J 23/56, 23/62). The disadvantages of this method include the following. Firstly, if there are passivating impurities in the air, such as CO, the efficiency of the catalyst is sharply reduced due to the adsorption of these impurities on the active surface of palladium and platinum. Secondly, since air purification occurs at room temperature, the catalyst will inevitably adsorb water vapor from the air. As the catalyst becomes moistened, its catalytic activity will decrease, until the oxidation process practically stops. Therefore, after certain periods of operation, when a critical degree of moistening is reached, it is necessary to restore the catalyst, which consists of removing the water accumulated in it by heating.

A known method is for converting a hydrogen-containing medium with a molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in the range from 1.5:1 to 2.5:1 by dehydrogenation in a catalytic reactor by passing a flow through a catalyst bed from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts at a rate of 0.5 to 100 l/min and a reaction pressure of 0.07 to 0.15 MPa with oxidation of hydrogen to water (RU Patent No. 2554879, IPC B01J 23/42, published on 27.06.2015). The disadvantages of the known method include the inability to ensure stable and safe operation of the nuclear reactor.

A known method of air purification from radioactive hydrogen isotopes by reducing tritium from air, characterized by the oxidation of air tritium in a hydrogen-oxygen flame (RU Patent No. 2635809 for the invention "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR AIR PURIFICATION FROM GASEOUS TRITIUM AND ITS CONCENTRATION IN A CONSTANT VOLUME OF WATER", published on 16.11.2017, IPC G21F 9/02, C01B 4/00, B01D 59/00). The disadvantage of this method is the high thermal load on the equipment due to the open combustion of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture, the use of a water filter with direct passage of gas with tritium water vapor, which leads to the formation of an additional volume of liquid radioactive waste.

The closest to the claimed technical solution in terms of the set of essential features is a method for utilizing radioactive hydrogen isotopes, including passing a hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture through a catalyst bed from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts with the oxidation of hydrogen to water. A flow of a hydrogen-containing medium with a molar ratio of hydrogen to oxygen in the range from 1.5:1.0 to 2.5:1.0 in the catalytic block is passed through a catalyst bed from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts at a rate of 0.5 to 100 l/min and a reaction pressure of 0.07 to 0.15 MPa. Radiolysis occurs in the fuel solution, producing hydrogen and oxygen by-products that are sent to the above-fuel space, and then, under the action of an air compressor at high pumping rates, the vapor-gas mixture is sent through a cooling system with a single-circuit heat exchanger to reduce the temperature to 10-30 ° C into a catalytic block with a platinum-palladium catalyst located therein, in the form of a thin layer applied to the surface of ceramic granules made of aluminum oxide as a catalyst carrier, where hydrogen is recombined into water in the form of a vapor-gas mixture, which is then sent by means of a compressor to the original above-fuel space to form a closed cycle of radiolytic gas utilization, while online monitoring of the parameters is carried out - pressure, hydrogen concentration of the converted gas medium at the inlet to the catalytic block and at the outlet from it, as well as the temperature in the catalytic block (RU Patent No. 2748214 for a group of inventions "METHOD OF CONVERTING HYDROGEN-CONTAINING ENVIRONMENT AND A DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD", published 21.05.2021, IPC G21C 1/24). The disadvantage of the known method is its relatively low safety due to the low-efficiency heat removal system of the reactor filled with a catalyst. This method does not allow effective control of gas overheating in the system when the gas flow through the reactor increases. In addition, the known method does not provide a system for separating the resulting water condensate.

The task that the claimed technical solution is aimed at solving is the development of an effective method for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes.

The technical result achieved as a result of solving the set task consists of increasing safety by reducing the fire hazard of the process, simplifying the start of the catalytic oxidation reaction in the burner and improving heat dissipation.

The specified technical result is achieved in that the method for utilizing radioactive hydrogen isotopes includes passing a hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture through a catalyst bed from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts with the oxidation of hydrogen to water with preliminary heating of the gas mixture to a temperature of 120÷150°C; pumping the heated gas mixture into a catalytic burner of a tubular design with a platinum-palladium catalyst; afterburning the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit; heat removal of the released heat by circulating a cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner; condensation of water; separation of water from the gas; direction of the separated gas with a new portion of hydrogen and oxygen into the catalytic burner; removal of the separated water from the utilization cycle, while monitoring the composition of the gas phase of hydrogen and oxygen.

It is preferable that the injection of the gas mixture into the catalytic burner is carried out with a volumetric flow rate of 0.1 nm3/hour to 300 nm3/hour with an excess pressure of 10 kPa to 100 kPa.

It is preferable that the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to water is carried out at a temperature of 120÷350°C.

It is preferable that the heat removal of the released heat is carried out by circulating the cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner at a variable speed while maintaining the temperature of the cooling agent in the range of 40°C at the inlet to the burner and no more than 90°C at the outlet.

It is preferable that the gas mixture used be a mixture with a volume ratio of hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen from 1/1/23.65 to 1.9/1/22.6.

It is preferable that the composition of the gas phase be controlled during the injection of the gas mixture into the catalytic burner and during the separation of water from the gas, and that the excess oxygen be maintained at a level of at least 50%.

A comparative analysis of the claimed invention with the prototype showed that in all cases of execution, it differs from the known, closest technical solution:

- preliminary heating of the gas mixture to a temperature of 120÷150°C;

- by pumping a heated gas mixture into a catalytic burner of tubular design with a platinum-palladium catalyst;

- afterburning of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit;

- heat removal of the released heat by circulating the cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner;

- water condensation;

- separation of water from gas;

- directing the separated gas with a new portion of hydrogen and oxygen into the catalytic burner;

- removal of separated water from the recycling cycle;

- control of the composition of the gas phase of hydrogen and oxygen.

In preferred embodiments, the claimed invention differs from the known, closest technical solution:

- by pumping a gas mixture into a catalytic burner with a volumetric flow rate from 0.1 nm3/hour to 300 nm3/hour with an excess pressure from 10 kPa to 100 kPa;

- implementation of catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to water at a temperature of 120÷350°C;

- the removal of heat generated by circulating a cooling agent through the intertube space of a catalytic burner at a variable speed while maintaining the temperature of the cooling agent in the range of 40°C at the inlet to the burner and no more than 90°C at the outlet;

- using a mixture with a volumetric ratio of hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen from 1/1/23.65 to 1.9/1/22.6 as a gas mixture;

- monitoring the composition of the gas phase when pumping a gas mixture into a catalytic burner and when separating water from the gas;

- maintaining excess oxygen at a level of at least 50%.

Preheating the gas mixture to a temperature of 120÷150°C simplifies the start of the catalytic oxidation reaction in the burner. When heating the gas mixture to a temperature of less than 120°C, the oxidation reaction does not start. When heating the gas mixture to a temperature exceeding 150°C, the plant's hydrogen productivity may be reduced to reduce the risk of overheating.

Pumping a heated gas mixture into a catalytic burner of a tubular design with a platinum-palladium catalyst, afterburning the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert nitrogen atmosphere circulating in a closed circuit; heat removal of the released heat by circulating a cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner makes the process safer, and also more effectively dissipates the released heat during the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen on ballast gas (nitrogen).

Condensation of water, separation of water from gas, direction of separated gas with a new portion of hydrogen and oxygen into a catalytic burner, removal of separated water from the cycle, allows the process of utilization of radioactive isotopes of hydrogen without emission into the atmosphere, which significantly improves the ecological state of the environment.

Monitoring the composition of the gas phase of hydrogen and oxygen allows you to track the safe ratio of gases in the gas mixture.

Injection of a gas mixture into a catalytic burner with a volumetric flow rate from 0.1 nm3/hour to 300 nm3/hour with an excess pressure from 10 kPa to 100 kPa ensures constant circulation of gas with a new portion of hydrogen through the reactor.

The implementation of catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to water at a temperature of 120÷350°C allows for the oxidation of hydrogen to water in a safe temperature range.

The implementation of heat removal of the released heat by circulating the cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner at a variable speed while maintaining the temperature of the cooling agent in the range of 40°C at the inlet to the burner and no more than 90°C at the outlet ensures the flexibility and efficiency of the heat removal system when the plant's productivity changes.

The use of a gas mixture with a volume ratio of hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen from 1/1/23.65 to 1.9/1/22.6 ensures a wide range of stable equipment operation.

Monitoring the composition of the gas phase when injecting the gas mixture into the catalytic burner and when separating water from the gas allows for monitoring the safe concentration of hydrogen and oxygen in the process.

Maintaining an excess of oxygen of at least 50% ensures a safe hydrogen/oxygen ratio. When the excess oxygen content is more than 50%, the volume of gas circulating in the circuit increases, which leads to an excess of energy spent on heating the gas; when the oxygen content is less than 50%, there is a risk of formation of detonating gas (formation of a stoichiometric ratio of the hydrogen/oxygen system).

The claimed method for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes is illustrated by the block diagram presented in Fig. 1.

Example of the method implementation. The method is implemented as follows. A hydrogen flow (deuterium, tritium, protium - any hydrogen isotope) is fed from device 1 generating hydrogen (reactor, hydrogen cylinders, etc.), together with an oxygen flow from device 2 generating oxygen (cylinders, etc.) into a catalytic burner 3 with a platinum-palladium catalyst 4 to the intake of an air compressor 5. To prevent the occurrence of explosive concentrations of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture, the afterburning process is carried out in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit, which is fed from device 6 generating pure nitrogen - cylinders or any other device. Analyzers 7-1 for oxygen content, 7-2 for hydrogen content are installed at the intake of the air compressor 5, according to the readings of which oxygen is replenished using a regulating valve 14. The excess oxygen is maintained at a level of at least 50% (to ensure a safe hydrogen/oxygen ratio). Catalytic combustion of hydrogen is accompanied by a large release of heat on the platinum-palladium catalyst 4 in the burner 3. For its effective removal, the burner 3 has a tubular design, the intertube space of which is filled with a cooling agent 8. Heat removal is carried out by circulating the cooling agent 8 through the burner. Maintaining the required temperature of the cooling agent 8 (40 °C at the inlet to the burner 8, no more than 90 °C at the outlet) is carried out by changing the circulation rate of the cooling agent 8. In the event of emergency situations associated with a sharp overheating of the catalyst 4 (more than 350 °C), purging of the burner 3 with fresh nitrogen is provided. During this operation, the hydrogen 15-1 and oxygen 15-2 shut-off valves in the circulation circuit 9 are triggered and valve 16 opens to supply nitrogen and discharge the gas mixture into the special gas cleaning line 10. To heat the gas mixture to the temperature of the onset of the oxidation reaction during the commissioning period, a tubular electric heater 11 is used in circuit 9. During the catalytic combustion of hydrogen in burner 3, heavy water is formed, which, together with excess oxygen, is removed for cooling to the temperature of the onset of condensation in heat exchanger 12, where water vapor passes into the liquid phase. Then the gas-liquid mixture is separated in separator 13 into a gas mixture and heavy water. The gas mixture, together with a new portion of gases, is directed to the intake of air compressor 5. The composition of the gas phase is monitored in separator 13, as well as at the intake of air compressor 5. The water formed in separator 13 is removed from the cycle.

The claimed method eliminates emissions of radioactive hydrogen isotopes into the atmosphere during the disposal process, simplifies the launch of the catalytic oxidation reaction in the burner, and increases the safety of the process by improving heat removal and using nitrogen to burn off the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert atmosphere.

A known installation for purifying air from tritium contains a hermetically sealed chamber for oxidizing tritium at a high temperature in a hydrogen-oxygen flame, the gas mixture for which comes from a hydrogen-oxygen generator, a pump for removing the resulting mixture of air and water vapor, a refrigerator for cooling it, a water filter for retaining condensed water, equipment for storing tritium (patent RU 2635809 C2 for a group of inventions "METHOD AND DEVICE FOR PURE AIR FROM GASEOUS TRITIUM AND ITS CONCENTRATION IN A CONSTANT VOLUME OF WATER", published 16.11.2017, IPC G21F 9/02, C01B 4/00, B01D 59/00). A disadvantage of the known installation is the high fire hazard of the process, caused by the open flame combustion of tritium. In addition, the use of a water filter increases the volume of liquid radioactive waste and disrupts the material balance of the process due to the partial dissolution of gases when the gas mixture passes through the filter.

The closest device in terms of the set of essential features and selected as a prototype for air purification from radioactive hydrogen isotopes - gaseous tritium, including a nuclear reactor generating a mixture of radioactive hydrogen and oxygen, a cooling system, a catalytic block with a catalyst from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts is known. In the catalytic block, compartments are installed, one part of which is filled with a platinum-palladium catalyst applied to a granulated ceramic base, the other part of the compartments forms a system of gas-permeable channels of the catalytic block. The cooling system is a tubular heat exchanger for cooling the hydrogen-containing gas mixture coming from the above-fuel space of the nuclear reactor to the catalytic hydrogen recombination system, an air compressor for continuous forced circulation of the reactor gas mixture from the above-fuel space of the nuclear reactor to the catalytic unit and back to form a closed cycle of radiolytic gas utilization (patent RU 2748214C1 for a group of inventions "METHOD FOR CONVERTING A HYDROGEN-CONTAINING ENVIRONMENT AND A DEVICE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD", published on 21.05.2021, IPC G21C 1/24). The known device is intended for the catalytic utilization of radioactive hydrogen isotopes formed during the operation of a solution nuclear reactor, which significantly limits the scope of its application to other sources of radioactive hydrogen isotopes. The known device is characterized by the difficulty of starting the catalytic oxidation reaction in the burner and insufficiently high safety due to the low-efficiency heat removal system and the risk of local overheating, including when increasing the productivity of utilized hydrogen/tritium. The known device also has problems with the formation of condensate on the walls of the devices, which reduces the efficiency of the device.

The task that the claimed invention is aimed at solving is the creation of an effective installation for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes in a closed system without gas discharges into the atmosphere.

The technical result achieved as a result of solving the set task consists in expanding the scope of application of the installation, including for various sources of radioactive hydrogen isotopes; increasing the safety of the installation; improving its technical and operational characteristics (simplifying the launch of the catalytic oxidation reaction, improving heat removal, eliminating the formation of condensate).

The specified technical result is achieved in that the installation for utilization of radioactive hydrogen isotopes includes devices generating a mixture of radioactive hydrogen, oxygen and pure nitrogen; a catalytic unit with a catalyst from the group of platinum catalysts, which is a catalytic burner of a tubular design with a dry platinum-palladium catalyst; a tubular heat exchanger for cooling the hydrogen-containing gas mixture, an air compressor for constant forced circulation of the gas mixture with the formation of a closed cycle for the utilization of radioactive hydrogen isotopes; a heater providing preliminary heating of the gas mixture; a separator providing - separation of water from the gas, analyzers of the oxygen and hydrogen content in the gas phase; control valves providing oxygen and hydrogen replenishment.

It is preferable that oxygen and hydrogen content analyzers be installed at the air compressor intake.

A comparative analysis of the claimed invention with the prototype showed that in all cases of execution it differs from the known, closest technical solution:

- implementation of a catalytic unit, including a tubular catalytic burner with a dry platinum-palladium catalyst;

- the presence of a device that generates pure nitrogen;

- the presence of a heater that provides preliminary heating of the gas mixture;

- the presence of a separator that ensures the separation of water from gas;

- the presence of an analyzer of oxygen and hydrogen content in the gas phase;

- the presence of control valves that provide oxygen and hydrogen supply.

In preferred embodiments, the invention differs from the known, closest technical solution:

- implementation of oxygen and hydrogen content analyzers installed on the air compressor intake;

The implementation of a catalytic unit, including a tubular catalytic burner with a dry platinum-palladium catalyst, ensures the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to water.

The presence of a device generating pure nitrogen provides the possibility of afterburning the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit. The presence of inert gas makes the process safer, as well as more effectively dissipates the heat released during the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen on ballast gas (nitrogen).

The presence of a preheater for the gas mixture makes it easier to start the catalytic burner.

The presence of a separator ensures the separation of water from gas with subsequent removal of water from the cycle.

The presence of analyzers and control valves allows monitoring the state of the gas phase and maintaining the required oxygen level (excess of at least 50%).

The claimed installation is illustrated by a schematic drawing of an installation for the utilization of radioactive hydrogen isotopes, presented in Fig. 1.

Fig. 1 shows a block diagram of an installation for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes.

In a preferred embodiment, the installation for utilizing radioactive hydrogen isotopes includes a device 1 generating radioactive hydrogen; a device 2 generating oxygen, and a device 5 generating pure nitrogen; a catalytic unit with a catalyst from the group of platinum catalysts, which is a catalytic burner 3 of a tubular design with a dry platinum catalyst 4; a tubular heat exchanger 12 for cooling the hydrogen-containing gas mixture, an air compressor 5 for continuous forced circulation of the gas mixture with the formation of a closed cycle for utilizing radioactive hydrogen isotopes; a tubular heater 11 providing preliminary heating of the gas mixture, preferably to a temperature of 120÷150 deg C; a separator 13 providing separation of water from the gas; analyzers 7-1 of the oxygen content, 7-2 of the hydrogen content in the gas phase located, respectively, on the intake of the air compressor 5; control valves 14 providing oxygen and hydrogen make-up.

The installation for the disposal of radioactive hydrogen isotopes operates as follows.

A stream of hydrogen (deuterium, tritium, protium - any hydrogen isotope) is fed from a device 1 generating hydrogen (reactor, hydrogen cylinders, etc.), together with a stream of oxygen from a device 2 generating oxygen (cylinders, etc.) into a catalytic burner 3 with a platinum-palladium catalyst 4 at the intake of an air compressor 5. To prevent the occurrence of explosive concentrations of the hydrogen-oxygen mixture, the afterburning process is carried out in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit, which is fed from a device 6 generating pure nitrogen - cylinders or any other device. At the intake of the air compressor 5, analyzers 7-1 for oxygen content, 7-2 for hydrogen content and are installed, according to the readings of which oxygen is replenished using a regulating valve 14. The excess oxygen is maintained at a level of at least 50% (to ensure a safe hydrogen/oxygen ratio). Catalytic combustion of hydrogen is accompanied by a large release of heat on the platinum-palladium catalyst 4 in the burner 3. For its effective removal, the burner 3 has a tubular design, the intertube space of which is filled with a cooling agent 8. Heat removal is carried out by circulating the cooling agent 8 through the burner. Maintaining the required temperature of the cooling agent 8 (40 °C at the inlet to the burner 8, no more than 90 °C at the outlet) is carried out by changing the circulation rate of the cooling agent 8. In the event of emergency situations associated with a sharp overheating of the catalyst 4 (more than 350 °C), purging of the burner 3 with fresh nitrogen is provided. During this operation, the hydrogen shut-off valve 15-1 and the oxygen shut-off valve 15-2 in the circulation circuit 9 are triggered and valve 16 opens to supply nitrogen and discharge the gas mixture into the special gas cleaning line 10. To heat the gas mixture to the temperature of the onset of the oxidation reaction during the commissioning period, a tubular electric heater 11 is used in circuit 9. During the catalytic combustion of hydrogen in burner 3, heavy water is formed, which, together with excess oxygen, is removed for cooling to the temperature of the onset of condensation in heat exchanger 12, where water vapor passes into the liquid phase. Then the gas-liquid mixture is separated in separator 13 into a gas mixture and heavy water. The gas mixture, together with a new portion of gases, is directed to the intake of air compressor 5. The composition of the gas phase is monitored in separator 13, as well as at the intake of air compressor 5. The water formed in separator 13 is removed from the cycle.

The claimed installation provides a three-stage heat removal: the first stage is in the burner itself due to the coolant circulating in the inter-pipe space; the second stage is in the tubular heat exchanger (water condenser), and the third stage is in the ballast excess gas - nitrogen, present in the cycle.

The presence of electric heater 11 provides the possibility of preheating the gas mixture heater to 120-150 degrees C, which is necessary to start the reaction of catalytic oxidation of hydrogen/tritium on the catalytic burner.

The presence of separator 13 allows separating the liquid phase in the circulation circuit and removing water from the cycle.

The presence of the oxygen content analyzer 7-1 and the hydrogen content analyzer 7-2, installed on the intake of the air compressor 5, ensures control of the gas phase, which increases the safety of the process.

The use of various sources of gaseous tritium, which can be collected in a pipeline - electrolysis products, gases released from a nuclear reactor, gas emissions from equipment, etc., as a generator of radioactive hydrogen, expands the capabilities of the claimed installation.

List of structural elements:

1. a device that generates hydrogen;

2. a device that generates oxygen;

3. catalytic burner;

4. platinum-palladium catalyst;

5. air compressor;

6. a device that generates pure nitrogen;

7. oxygen content analyzers 7-1 and hydrogen 7-2;

8. cooling agent;

9. circulation circuit;

10. special gas cleaning line;

11. tubular electric heater;

12. heat exchanger;

13. separator;

14. control valves;

15. shut-off valves (hydrogen 15-1, oxygen 15-2);

16. Nitrogen supply valve.

Claims (8)

1. A method for utilizing radioactive hydrogen isotopes, comprising passing a hydrogen-oxygen gas mixture through a layer of a catalyst from the group of platinum-palladium catalysts with the oxidation of hydrogen to water, characterized in that it comprises preheating the gas mixture to a temperature of 120-150°C; pumping the heated gas mixture into a tubular catalytic burner with a platinum catalyst; afterburning the hydrogen-oxygen mixture in an inert atmosphere of nitrogen circulating in a closed circuit; heat removal of the released heat by circulating a cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner; condensation of water; separation of water from the gas; directing the separated gas with a new portion of hydrogen and oxygen into the catalytic burner; removing the separated water from the utilization cycle, while monitoring the composition of the gas phase of oxygen and hydrogen. 2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the injection of the gas mixture into the catalytic burner is carried out with a volumetric flow rate from 0.1 ^Nm3 /hour to 300 ^Nm3 /hour with an excess pressure from 10 kPa to 100 kPa. 3. The method according to item 1, characterized in that the catalytic oxidation of hydrogen to water is carried out at a temperature of 120-350°C. 4. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the heat removal of the released heat is carried out by circulating the cooling agent through the intertube space of the catalytic burner at a variable speed while maintaining the temperature of the cooling agent in the range of 40°C at the inlet to the burner and no more than 90°C at the outlet. 5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the gas mixture used is a mixture with a volume ratio of hydrogen/oxygen/nitrogen from 1/1/23.65 to 1.9/1/22.6. 6. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the control of the composition of the gas phase is carried out during the separation of water from the gas, and the excess oxygen is maintained at a level of at least 50%. 7. An installation for the utilization of radioactive hydrogen isotopes, comprising a device that generates radioactive hydrogen, a device that generates oxygen; a catalytic unit with a catalyst from the group of platinum catalysts, a tubular heat exchanger for cooling the hydrogen-containing gas mixture, an air compressor for the constant forced circulation of the gas mixture with the formation of a closed cycle for the utilization of radiolytic gas, characterized in that it contains a device that generates pure nitrogen; a heater that provides preliminary heating of the gas mixture; a separator that provides separation of water from the gas; analyzers for the content of oxygen and hydrogen in the gas phase; control valves that provide oxygen and hydrogen feed, wherein the catalytic unit includes a catalytic burner of a tubular design with a dry platinum catalyst. 8. The installation according to item 8, characterized in that the oxygen and hydrogen content analyzers are installed at the intake of the air compressor.