RU2842672C1 - Gas cleaning device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: performing operations.

SUBSTANCE: invention is intended for gas cleaning of dust and other solid particles in various industries. Proposed gas cleaning device comprises cylinder-taper casing with outlet branch pipe jointed to casing top face part. To side surface of the cylindrical part, in its upper zone, there is an inlet branch pipe. Hopper is arranged in the lower part and is linked to the conical part of the housing through an unloading opening. Screen is installed in the inner volume of the housing, in its conical part, with possibility of vertical movement. Screen is a hollow pyramid, the top of which is located below on the axis of the cylinder-conical housing in the zone of its conical part, and through slots and streams are located around the top of the screen in a staggered order. Device for vertical movement of screen is installed in housing in zone of connection of its cylindrical and conical parts.

EFFECT: with relatively simple design and low hydraulic resistance, the disclosed device enables efficient cleaning of contaminated gases containing solid particles in different amounts and having different physical and mechanical properties.

1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The proposed device is intended for cleaning gases from dust and other solid particles in various industries.

A dust collector-classifier is known [Patent of the Russian Federation No. 2497569 IPC B01D 45/04, published on 10.11.2013, BI No. 31], comprising an inlet pipe, dust discharge pipes, a coaxially located receiving cylinder, an outlet pipe and a screen used to change the direction of flow, a second stage of gas purification from dust, equipped with an inclined bottom. The body contains three stages of dust-laden gas purification, the inlet pipe has a spiral shape, the pipes for removing large and medium dust fractions are located on one inclined bottom, and fixed blades and a conical bottom are located at the third stage of purification.

The disadvantages of this device include the complexity of the design, low degree of purification, limited range of application (the ability to separate solid particles of a certain size and shape) and increased hydraulic resistance.

The closest to the proposed one is a gas cleaning apparatus comprising a cylindrical-conical body, to the upper end part of which an outlet branch pipe is coaxially connected, to the side surface of the cylindrical part, in its upper zone, an inlet branch pipe, and in the lower part a hopper is located communicating with the conical part of the body through a discharge opening. In the internal volume of the body, in its conical part, a coaxial cylindrical-conical screen is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, wherein the taper angle of its conical part coincides with the taper angle of the conical part of the body, and the diameter of the cylindrical part of the screen is less than the diameter of the discharge opening, in addition, the cylindrical-conical screen is provided with a vertical movement drive located in the internal volume of the hopper and connected to the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical screen by means of radial spokes and closed with an elastic casing [RU Patent No. 2688545, IPC B04C 5/14; B04C 5/181; B01D 45/12, published. [21.05.2019, BI No. 15].

The disadvantages of this device include the complexity of the design, low degree of purification and increased hydraulic resistance.

The technical result of this invention is the creation of a device for cleaning gases of a relatively simple design that has high cleaning quality.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that a device for cleaning gases is proposed, containing a cylindrical-conical body, to the upper end part of which an outlet branch pipe is coaxially connected, to the side surface of the cylindrical part in its upper zone - an inlet branch pipe, and in the lower part a hopper is located, communicating with the conical part of the body through a discharge opening, in the internal volume of the body, in its conical part, a screen is installed with the possibility of vertical movement.

The distinctive design features of the proposed invention are that the screen is a hollow pyramid, the apex of which is located at the bottom on the axis of the cylindrical-conical body in the area of its conical part, and through slots and grooves are arranged in a checkerboard pattern around the top of the screen, and the device for vertical movement of the screen is installed in the body in the area of the connection of its cylindrical and conical parts.

Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a gas cleaning apparatus.

In fig. Figure 2 shows view A (2:1).

The device for cleaning gases comprises a cylindrical-conical body 1, to the upper end part of which an outlet branch pipe 2 is coaxially connected, to the side surface of the cylindrical part, in its upper zone, an inlet branch pipe 3, and in the lower part a hopper 4 is located, communicating with the conical part of the body 1 through a discharge opening 5, in the internal volume of the body 1, in its conical part, a screen 6 is installed with the possibility of vertical movement. The screen 6 is a hollow pyramid, the apex of which is located below on the axis of the cylindrical-conical body 1 in the zone of its conical part, and around the apex of the screen 6, through slots 7 and streams 8 are staggered. The device for vertical movement 9 of the screen 6 is installed in the body 1 in the zone of connection of its cylindrical and conical parts.

The gas cleaning device works as follows.

The gases to be purified enter the internal volume of the cylindrical-conical body 1 through the inlet branch pipe 2. Having entered tangentially into the upper zone of the cylindrical part of the cylindrical-conical body 1, the flow of unpurified gas twists and moves downwards in a spiral, while under the action of centrifugal force, solid particles are thrown to the walls and move in the peripheral part of the flow. In this way, the concentration of solid particles near the walls of the body 1 occurs. Then, the solid particles move through the discharge opening 5 into the bin 4, where they accumulate. The purified gas in the conical part of the cylindrical-conical body 1 is directed toward the center, flows around the screen 6 and is discharged through the outlet branch pipe 2.

Due to the fact that the screen 6 is a hollow pyramid screen, the apex of which is located below, on the axis of the cylindrical-conical body 1 in the area of its conical part, separation of the downward flow with solid particles and the ascending purified flows is ensured. The design of the screen 6 in the form of a hollow pyramid prevents the formation of stagnant zones in the gap between the body 1 and the screen 6, which reduces the likelihood of the entrainment of solid particles by the purified flow.

Due to the fact that through slots 7 are arranged in a checkerboard pattern around the top of the screen 6, solid particles that have entered the internal cavity of the screen 6 are poured into the bin 4.

The presence of streams 8 facilitates the reflection of particles from their surfaces and their direction into through cracks 7, which prevents them from being carried away by the flow of purified gas and increases the degree of purification.

The vertical movement of the screen 6 allows for its rational installation depending on the type of gas being purified and the properties of the particles contained therein. The device for vertical movement 9 of the screen 6 is installed in the housing 1 in the junction zone of its cylindrical and conical parts.

Thus, the presence of a screen 6, which is a shell of revolution, with a curvilinear generatrix, the top of the screen 6 located on the axis of the cylindrical-conical body 1 in the area of its conical part, ensures the separation of the flows of purified gas and solid particles moving into the bunker 4, which prevents their entrainment and improves the quality of separation.

The proposed device, with its relatively simple design and relatively low hydraulic resistance, allows for the effective purification of contaminated gases containing solid particles in varying quantities and differing in physical and mechanical properties.

Claims (1)

A device for cleaning gases, comprising a cylindrical-conical body, to the upper end part of which an outlet branch pipe is coaxially connected, to the side surface of the cylindrical part, in its upper zone, - an inlet branch pipe, and in the lower part a hopper is located, communicating with the conical part of the body through a discharge opening, in the internal volume of the body, in its conical part, a screen is installed with the possibility of vertical movement, characterized in that the screen is a hollow pyramid, the apex of which is located below on the axis of the cylindrical-conical body in the zone of its conical part, and around the apex of the screen in a checkerboard pattern through slots and streams are located, and a device for vertical movement of the screen is installed in the body in the zone of connection of its cylindrical and conical parts.