RU2840474C1 - Method of producing adsorbent hygienic means for keeping farm animals and birds - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: hygiene.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to methods for producing adsorbent hygienic sanitary products. Method involves combined grinding in a highly turbulent mixer of natural chalk, attapulgite, silicon dioxide to specific surface area of 700 m²/kg. Then one adds iron oxide, pine oil, sodium benzoate, chloramine T to the mixture and additionally mills it for 15 minutes.

EFFECT: invention provides preparing the adsorbent hygienic product for keeping farm animals and birds.

1 cl, 2 tbl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods for producing adsorbent hygienic sanitary products, and concerns the production of absorbent bedding used in keeping animals and birds, as well as used for caring for domestic animals.

The prior art includes the invention "Adsorption litter for poultry (Variants)", which states that the adsorption litter for poultry is obtained from a bulk carpet, which includes fillers (thermally modified sawdust, high-moor peat and zeolite flour). Invention No. 2445770, IPC A01K 1/015, A01K 23/00, application publication date: 20.12.2011, Bulletin No. 35.1

The disadvantages of this invention are that when using the bedding, the required hygienic properties of the bedding material are not ensured, and a high consumption of bedding material is noted.

The closest technical solution to the proposed invention, adopted as a prototype, is the method described in the invention "Zoohygienic bedding material" [RU No. 2715334, IPC A01K 1/015, A01K 23/00, published 02/26/2020, Bulletin No. 6;], which proposes a method for producing a bedding material in the form of a bulk carpet formed from wood chips of coniferous and / or deciduous trees, with a moisture content of 3 to 20% of a disinfectant with bactericidal, moisture and gas-absorbing properties, in an amount of 3 to 10% of the total volume of the bedding material, uniformly distributed throughout the entire volume of the bulk carpet. In this case, in the transport state, it is a rectangular briquette formed under pressure without the use of binders, packed in polyethylene.

The use of a powder of the “natural” (indicated by the patent authors) material “Staldren” is envisaged as a disinfectant.

The disadvantages of this invention are the length of the technological process for manufacturing the bedding material device, high energy consumption, and the labor intensity of individual operations.

The invention is aimed at expanding the arsenal of means and methods for obtaining an adsorbent hygienic product for keeping farm animals and birds, with sanitary and hygienic requirements for the entire period of keeping the animals, injury-free, with low economic indicators of the costs of its manufacture.

This is achieved by the fact that the method for obtaining an adsorbent hygienic agent for keeping farm animals and birds includes the preparation of a mixture of components, the components being: finely dispersed technical natural chalk separated, attapulgite, silicon dioxide, ground together in a highly turbulent mixer to a specific surface of 700 ^m2 /kg, and then iron oxide, pine oil, sodium benzoate, chloramine T are introduced into this highly dispersed mixture, and then the mixture is further ground for 15 minutes.

Characteristics of materials used

1. Natural technical separated chalk (TU 5743-020-05346453-2008) produced by JSC Shebekinsky Chalk Plant.

2. Attapulgite (palygorsite) is a mineral, a hydrous magnesium aluminosilicate, and is an adsorbent. Attapulgite, a clay powder of the PPB brand (TU 08.12.22-013-04002160-2019), was used as an adsorbent in the preparation of a hygienic adsorbent agent.

3. Silicon dioxide - synthetic amorphous processed precipitated silicon dioxide is a white free-flowing powder that helps create a high specific surface area in mixtures.

4. Iron oxide is a pale pink powder used as an indicator. (TU 14-106-340-89).

5. Sodium benzoate - used as a preservative. (GOST 32777 - 2014).

6. Pine oil - fragrance, used to create comfortable conditions in a room. (GOST 21092-2015).

7. Chloramine T - imparts antibacterial and disinfectant properties to the absorbent hygienic agent (TU 7080-50-4).

To study the properties of the samples of the absorbent hygienic product obtained by the proposed method, several mixtures were prepared, the composition of which was determined experimentally.

During the research, natural chalk, attapulgite and silicon dioxide were initially mixed and ground together in a high-turbulence mixer until the specific surface area of the components reached 700 m²/kg. At the second stage, the following components are introduced into the crushed mixture: iron oxide, pine oil, sodium benzoate, chloramine T, secondary mixing and additional crushing is carried out for 15 minutes, which ensures the production of a highly homogeneous powder mass.

Then the obtained mixture samples were subjected to water absorption tests (according to GOST 12730.3-2020) at the age of 1 and 7 days. The results are presented in Table 1.

Table 1

Composition of the main components

absorbent hygiene products

and their water absorption rates at the age of 1 and 7 days

No. composition Composition of the absorbent hygienic agent, % Water absorption,%
per day MMel Attapulgite Silicon dioxide Iron oxide Sodium benzoate Pine oil Chloramine T 11 77 11 778.5 16.37 2, 88 0.82 1.05 0.06 0.32 2237 5545 22 880,0 15.12 2.83 0.75 0.95 0.05 0.30 2265 4445 33 82.5 12.64 2.82 0.76 0.96 0.04 0.28 1190 4450

Fine grinding of the components of the absorbent hygienic agent in a highly turbulent mixer provides a significant specific surface area - up to 700 ^m2 /kg of component mixtures: separated natural technical chalk, attapulgite, silicon dioxide, and the creation of a highly homogeneous mass. The natural origin of the above components, their high porosity (chalk is a sedimentary rock consisting of microscopic calcite crystals with a highly porous structure, attapulgite is a clay mineral that has high sorption properties due to its chemical composition due to its chain-like crystalline structure), as well as the features of their hydrophilic structure provide high water absorption of the bedding material. Thus, in the first day, the water absorption of the proposed compositions is in the range from 190% to 237%, and at the age of 7 days, the water absorption of the mixtures increased from 450% to 545%, which indicates the high water absorption efficiency of the obtained compositions of the adsorbent hygienic product (Table 1).

The resulting powdered absorbent hygienic products are packaged in sealed bags and delivered to consumers.

The absorbent hygienic powder obtained in this way does not clump during transportation and long-term storage. The introduction of silicon dioxide into the mixture, together with the other components of the mixture, contributes to the creation of a high specific surface of the absorbent hygienic agent and, as a result, ensures high water absorption rates. In addition, silicon dioxide in the mixture prevents caking of prepared and stored mixtures.

The results of the conducted studies on the influence of the adsorbent hygienic product developed by the proposed method on its effectiveness in combating the most dangerous types of bacteria and fungi are presented in Table 2.

Table 2

The results of the conducted studies on the influence of the absorbent hygiene product obtained by the developed method on its effectiveness in combating the most dangerous types of bacteria and fungi

Bacteria and fungi The number of bacteria in the mixture with the introduction of an absorbent hygienic agent without the introduction of an absorbent hygienic agent In 1 hour In 2 hours In 1 hour In 2 hours E. coli <10 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml 140×10 ⁶ CFU/ml >200×10 ⁶ CFU/ml Aspergillus nigra <100 CFU/ml <100 CFU/ml 150,000 CFU/ml 500,000 CFU/ml Clostridium perfringens <100 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml 20×10 ⁶ CFU/ml 1.9×10 ⁶ CFU/ml Streptococcus uberis <10 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml 43 ×10 ⁶ CFU/ml 1.9 ×10 ⁶ CFU/ml Typhoid fever <10 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml >10×10 ⁹ CFU/ml >1×10 ⁹ CFU/ml Staphylococcus aureus <10 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml 100×10 ⁶ CFU/ml 1.2×10 ⁹ CFU/ml Streptococcal infection <10 CFU/ml 10 CFU/ml 1500 CFU/ml 6×10 ⁶ CFU/ml Campylobacter <10 CFU/ml <10 CFU/ml 6×10 ⁶ CFU/ml >10×10 ⁶ CFU/ml Klebsiella pneumonia 40 CFU/ml 40 CFU/ml 4.2×10 ⁶ CFU/ml 36×10 ⁶ CFU/ml

The analysis of the obtained data indicates the high efficiency of the developed method for obtaining an adsorbent hygienic agent, which is the result of a significant reduction in pathogenic microflora in places where farm animals and poultry are kept.

An example of a method for obtaining an adsorbent hygienic product for keeping farm animals and birds (Table 1, composition No. 3)

During the research, 82.5 kg of natural chalk, 12.64 kg of attapulgite and 2.82 kg of silicon dioxide were initially mixed and ground together in a high-turbulence mixer until the specific surface area of the component mixture reached 700 ^m2 /kg. Then, 0.76 kg of iron oxide, 0.04 kg of pine oil, 0.96 kg of sodium benzoate and 0.28 kg of chloramine T were simultaneously introduced into the ground mixture, secondary mixing and additional grinding were performed for 15 minutes.

The proposed method for obtaining an adsorbent hygienic agent and the formulations used in the development make it possible to eliminate various diseases and injuries of birds and animals, as well as to increase the comfort of their maintenance.

Regular use of the adsorbent hygienic agent prevents the development of antibiotic-resistant bacteria, prevents the reproduction of various bacteria, as well as insect larvae. Eliminates unpleasant odors, provides a dry environment. Regular use of the adsorbent hygienic agent is necessary in high and moderate humidity in rooms where farm animals and birds are kept.

For keeping poultry (chickens, ducks), the absorbent hygienic agent is scattered before placing the chickens in a clean room on the floor or on the litter at the rate of 50-60 grams per ¹ m2 of area. The minimum frequency of application is 2 times during the period of growing broilers, before placing and on the 20th day of growing. The optimal amount of application of the absorbent hygienic agent is weekly at equal intervals.

For cattle and horses, the adsorbent hygienic agent is recommended to be used twice a week at the rate of 60-70 grams per ¹ m2 of area. In very damp premises, the adsorbent hygienic agent ensures a high level of sanitary and hygienic conditions in the stalls, helps to eliminate hoof diseases, significantly reduces the incidence of diarrhea and dyspepsia, and also minimizes mastitis.

When keeping and fattening pigs, it is advisable to use the adsorbent hygienic agent weekly at the rate of 50-60 grams per 1 ^m2 of area. The use of the agent ensures the normal immune status of animals and promotes maximum growth.

The method used to obtain the absorbent hygienic agent will eliminate various diseases and ensure the normal immune status of farm animals and poultry, as well as increase the comfort of their maintenance.

Claims (1)

A method for producing an adsorbent hygienic agent for keeping farm animals and birds, including the combined grinding in a highly turbulent mixer of natural chalk, attapulgite, silicon dioxide to a specific surface of 700 ^m2 /kg, then iron oxide, pine oil, sodium benzoate, chloramine T are introduced into the mixture and the entire mixture is further ground for 15 minutes.