RU27322U1 - SCRAPER MACHINE RATTER - Google Patents

Abstract

1. The roar of a gravel-cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a box with sidewalls and at least two screens located one above the other, supports made in the form of shock absorbers, and a vibration exciter kinematically connected to the drive located inside a transverse beam of a tubular shape associated with the sides of the box, and made in the form of a mechanical vibrator with an unbalanced shaft and an additional unbalance amplifier, while the vibrator drive is configured to transmit a variable speed, characterized in that vibrator drive includes two independent two-speed electric motors kinematically connected to the unbalanced shaft by means of belt drives located on the outside of the sidewalls and limiting the total screen width, while the unbalance amplifier is evenly spaced along the edges of the unbalanced shaft and includes amplitude regulators made in the form of inertial masses located with the possibility of angular displacement and fixation, and the sieves are made of braided wire with elongated holes, decreasing from the upper sieve to the bottom him, with the aspect ratio of the holes 1: 2.5-5.0.2. Rumble according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of continuously variable mechanical gears with a V-belt. The screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of interchangeable pulleys of belt drives. The screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of current regulators on electric motors.

Description

SCRAPER MACHINE RATTER

The utility model relates to the field of railway transport, and in particular to devices for track repair and ballast cleaning.

Currently, the performance of crushed stone cleaning machines is largely limited by the performance of the screen. To increase it, the number of screens on the machine is increased to two. Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2053326, IPC E 01 B 27/00, FIG. 1, publ. 01/27/96. and more pieces, and this inevitably leads to an increase in total; their machine dimensions, their complexity and reliability decrease. For this reason, the issue of creating a high-performance and reliable screening machine; a cleaning machine that is distinguished by its simplicity of construction is very acute.

A known screen containing a box with a sieve, supports in the form of shock absorbers and racks and an exciter of oscillations made in the form of a three-shaft vibrator, while the vibrator shafts are spaced along the box / Description of the invention to the USSR copyright certificate No. 1119740, 07 V 1/40, publ. 10.23.84, Bull. No. 39 /.

This design of the screen provides increased productivity and dynamic balance, however, its use on gravel cleaning machines is difficult due to the fact that the dimensions of the machine are limited in width, and in addition to the screen, its drive must also fit. Thus, “a narrow screen will not be able to provide the required performance of a rubble-cleaning machine without compromising the quality of separation of weeds from clean rubble.

The indicated drawbacks are deprived of the roar of a ballasting (gravel cleaning) machine / Description of the invention to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2128755, ЕВВ 27/11, publ. 04/10/99, Bull. 10/. The machine crash contains a box with sidewalls and a sieve, supports made in the form of shock absorbers, and a pathogen of oscillations nonlinear along the length of the sieve, located on the longitudinal axis of the machine.

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IPC E 01 on 27/06

The disadvantage of the screen is its complexity, and the fact that with increased humidity of the ballast or large, especially uneven in width, feeds it to the sieve, there are difficulties with ensuring the necessary performance and high-quality separation of weeds from clean gravel, which limits the technological capabilities of the device.

The aforementioned drawbacks are eliminated by the crash of a rubble-cleaning machine, a contained frame, a box with sidewalls and inclined screens, supports made in the form of shock absorbers, and a double vibration exciter kinematically connected to the drive located inside the transverse beams of a tubular shape connected with the sidewalls of the box and made in a mechanical vibrator with unbalanced shafts and additional unbalance amplifiers, while the vibrator drive is capable of transmitting a variable rotational frequency; Description of the utility model testimony to the Russian Federation № 17782, IPC E 01 B 27/06, publ. 04/27/2001 bull. No. 12. The screen, with relative simplicity, provides the opportunity to maximize the use of the size of the rubble-cleaning machine in width, thereby increasing its productivity.

High performance of the screen is also ensured through the use of an unconventional vibration pathogen of complex design, while obtaining high-quality cleaning of ballast ballast is possible only with careful adjustment of the screen operating modes and their timely adjustment, which largely depends on the personnel servicing the machine. However, despite these shortcomings, the well-known roar has a parametric reserve in terms of expanding its own technological capabilities.

The problem solved by the utility model is to expand the range of high-performance screens for macadam cleaning machines produced by the domestic industry.

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tion and the necessary reliability. An additional result will be the provision of the maximum possible use of the size of the rubble machine in width.

To solve the problem in a known screen containing a frame, a box with sidewalls and at least two screens located one above the other, supports made in the form of shock absorbers and a vibration exciter kinematically connected to the drive located inside the transverse beam of a tubular shape, connected to the sidewalls of the box, and made in the form of a mechanical vibrator with an unbalanced shaft and an additional unbalance amplifier, the vibrator drive is capable of transmitting a variable rotational frequency; it includes two independent two-speed electric motors kinematically connected to the unbalanced shaft by means of belt drives located on the outside of the sidewalls and limiting them; their total screen width, while the unbalance amplifier is evenly spaced along the edges of the unbalanced shaft and includes amplitude regulators made in the form of inertial masses arranged with the possibility of angular displacement and fixation, and the sieves are made of braided wire with elongated holes, decreasing from the upper sieve to the lower, with an aspect ratio of tverst 1: 2.5-5.0.

Besides:

-the ability to transmit a variable speed is made in the form of mechanical continuously variable gears with a V-belt;

-the ability to transmit a variable speed is made in the form of interchangeable belt drive pulleys;

- the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of current regulators on electric motors.

The utility model is illustrated in the drawing, where Fig. 1 shows a general view of the screen; FIG. 2 is a view A of FIG. 1 is a front view of a screen; in FIG. 3 section BB of Fig. 1.

The crash of a rubble-cleaning machine contains a frame 1, a box 2 with sidewalls 3 and, one above the other screens 4, 5 and 6, supports 7 made in the form of shock absorbers, and a vibration exciter 9 kinematically connected with the drive 8 located inside the transverse beam 10 of a tubular shape associated with the sidewalls 3 of the box 2, and made in the form of a mechanical vibrator (hereinafter referred to as pos. 9) with an unbalanced shaft 11 and an additional unbalance amplifier 12, while the drive 8 is configured to transmit a variable speed and includes two independent high-speed electric motors 13 and 14 kinematically connected to the unbalanced shaft 11 by means of belt drives 15 located on the outside of the sidewalls 3 and limiting the total screen width (i.e., the most protruding parts of the belt drive pulleys 15, but not the belts themselves, determine the maximum size of the screen in width), while the unbalance amplifier 12 is evenly spaced along the edges of the unbalanced shaft 11 and includes amplitude controllers 16 made in the form of inertial masses arranged with the possibility of angular displacement and fixing amplifier 12, and sieves 4, 5 and 6 are made of braided wire with elongated holes (cells) 17, decreasing from the upper sieve 6 to the lower 4, with the aspect ratio of the holes 1: 2.5-5.0 and located, for example, long side across the longitudinal axis of the screen or somehow differently, which allows to increase the area of the sieving surface of the sieves. The cell sizes of the sieve 6 and sieve 5 are made with the possibility of passage of clean crushed stone, and from the sowing surface of the sieve 4 get crushed stone in accordance with the technological requirements. To increase the spatial rigidity and an additional increase in the area of the sowing surface of the screens 4, 5 and 6, the latter can be made arched.

The ability to transfer a variable speed to the vibrator 9 is provided through the use of mechanical continuously variable transmissions (variators) 18 with a wedge 19, interchangeable belt pulleys of various diameters (not shown conditionally) or current regulators (also not shown conditionally) on electric motors 13 and 14. As a result it is possible to fine-tune or stepwise adjustment of the technological process of cleaning ballast ballast, which has constant physico-mechanical properties, for example, on a specific section of the track.

To work in the curved sections of the track, it is possible to change the angle of inclination of the box 2 across the longitudinal axis of the machine due to the hydraulic cylinders 20.

The technology for cleaning ballast ballast on a screen includes feeding the material to the sieve 6, moving it over the surface of the sieve 6 under the action of gravity and vibration from the loading part 21 to the unloading 22 and the directional movement of the sifted fractions through the layer of material from top to bottom from the sieve 6 through sieve 5 to the sieve 4 through their openings 17, and separation into clean gravel and weeds, while in addition to setting the oscillation frequency, it is possible to adjust their amplitude with the gravel cleaning machine completely stopped.

The device operates as follows.

To bring the screen to working condition include electric motors 13 and 14, which transmit torque to the belt gear 15 and through them to the unbalanced shaft 11, which during rotation generates operating vibrations transmitted to the sidewalls 3 of the box 2.

After the screen is turned on, contaminated ballast ballast enters into its loading part 21 by means of a conveyor (not shown conventionally). The ballast ballast to be cleaned on a screen is a mixture (including caked) of pure ballast and weeds. Weeds are considered to be small particles of rubble destroyed (worn) during operation, foreign particles entering the road from passing freight cars and other random objects (mainly a variety of bottles, metal products, the remains of sleepers, wood waste, etc.). When passing ballast through sieves 6 and 5, the separation of the largest objects from the number of weeds occurs and occurs

destruction of packed pieces. From sieve 5 to sieve 4 comes almost completely prepared for the final separation of the material. The process of separation of weeds occurs under conditions when the screen box makes forced oscillations. A significant width of sieves 4-6, the length of the unbalanced shaft 11 and large inertial masses require a sufficiently large error on the drive. For this reason, two two-speed electric motors 13 and 14 are incorporated in the screen design — one on each side of the unbalanced shaft 11. One electric motor with a power exceeding the total power of two small electric motors 13 and 14, in addition to large dimensions, has a significant effect on the overall balance of the device . Depending on the degree of humidity of the ballast and the magnitude of the adhesion forces between its components, there is always the possibility of tuning the vibrator 9 to the frequency and amplitude necessary in these cases.

The amplitude of the oscillations is adjusted using the regulators 16, by their relative angular displacement by the required amount (as a rule, this is a step of 15 °) and subsequent fixing, for example with bolts, and the frequency using variators 18, interchangeable pulleys or by adjusting the current on the electric motors 13 and 14 (depending on the specific performance of the screen). This approach can significantly reduce the yield angle of the ballast material, and the angle of inclination of the screen can be limited to a stationary value, for example 15 °, which will not subsequently change depending on changes in the physical parameters of the ballast. This greatly simplifies the design of the screen.

Cases are not ruled out when the screen may become clogged with waterlogged ballast, for example, with the formation of indestructible arches, clumping of crushed stone mass, jamming of openings 17 screens 4-6, etc. To do this, the rumble without stopping the technological process is automatically transferred to the forced mode of operation, changing the rotation speed of two-speed motors 13 and 14 to the maximum number of revolutions (the so-called closer to / J // / - resonance frequencies). As a result of this, destruction of the arches, lumps and adhering clay will occur, separation of the ballast into clean w will be more intensive; ebony and weeds, after which, again, the normal operation mode of the device automatically turns on.

As a result of using the utility model, an increase in the productivity of the screening machine; the cleaning machine is achieved, its design is simplified, and the quality of cleaning ballast ballast from weeds improves. A rumble of a symmetrical design inscribed in the railway gauge allows you to drain, clean the caked and waterlogged shit, which expands the performance limits of road cars.

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Claims (4)

1. The roar of a gravel-cleaning machine, comprising a frame, a box with sidewalls and at least two screens located one above the other, supports made in the form of shock absorbers, and a vibration exciter kinematically connected to the drive located inside a transverse beam of a tubular shape associated with the sides of the box, and made in the form of a mechanical vibrator with an unbalanced shaft and an additional unbalance amplifier, while the vibrator drive is configured to transmit a variable speed, characterized in that vibrator drive includes two independent two-speed electric motors kinematically connected to the unbalanced shaft by means of belt drives located on the outside of the sidewalls and limiting the total screen width, while the unbalance amplifier is evenly spaced along the edges of the unbalanced shaft and includes amplitude regulators made in the form of inertial masses located with the possibility of angular displacement and fixation, and the sieves are made of braided wire with elongated holes, decreasing from the upper sieve to the bottom him, with the aspect ratio of the holes 1: 2.5-5.0.  2. The screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of mechanical continuously variable gears with a V-belt.  3. The screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of interchangeable belt drive pulleys. 4. The screen according to claim 1, characterized in that the possibility of transmitting a variable speed is made in the form of current regulators on electric motors.