RU2724113C1 - Device for limiting intensity of dancing wires of overhead transmission line - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: electricity.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in power engineering to limit intensity of dancing lines of overhead transmission lines. Device for limiting intensity of dancing wires of an overhead power line comprises a pendulum-damper and a stabilizing pendulum mounted on the wire, wherein pendulum-damper is rigidly fixed on wire and deviates from vertical, and center of mass of pendulum-stabilizer is located below wire. Pendulum-stabilizer is fixed on a hinge installed on the wire, a viscoelastic element is supported on the stabilizing pendulum, which supports the pendulum-damper. Viscoelastic element provides a logarithmic decrement of torsion oscillations of the pendulum-damper relative to the stabilizing pendulum in range of 0.8±0.2. Pendulum-damper is diverted from the vertical plane by an angle of less than 60° and perpendicular to the wire axis, wherein the stabilizing pendulum is perpendicular to the wire axis and deviates from the vertical plane through an angle of less than 30°. Besides, in one design version moment of inertia of stabilizing pendulum is more, than moment of inertia of pendulum-damper, by 0.5–1.0 of order, and in other – moments of inertia of pendulum stabilizer and pendulum-damper differ by less than 15 %, and angle between pendulums is in range from 120 to 170°, and pendulum-damper is deviated from vertical by angle of more than 60°.

EFFECT: higher efficiency of dampening dancing of wires and efficiency of assembly works, increased reliability of transmission line.

5 cl, 2 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of electric power, and in particular to devices for limiting the intensity of dancing wires of overhead power lines (power lines).

A device is known that implements the method [1] of damping the dancing of wires in a power transmission line span, which contains a pendulum-dampener and a pendulum-stabilizer mounted on the wire, while the pendulum-dampener is fixed on the wire and is deflected from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer is located below the wire, which coincides with the essential features of the proposed.

In this case, the stabilizer pendulum is fixed on the wire rigidly at a significant (regular) distance from the pendulum-dampener, while the wire at the attachment point of the damping pendulum is twisted relative to the longitudinal axis so that the direction of twist of the wire in each of the sections is opposite to the direction of twist of the wire in adjacent sections , and fix in this state with the help of pendulums.

This well-known analogue is difficult to implement in practice (the complexity of the twisting of wires in various directions due to the need to use appropriate devices and the complexity of installation, taking into account the spacing of the pendulums along the span) and therefore it was not widely used in the construction of overhead power lines.

Also known is an overhead power line [2] containing a pendulum-dampener and a pendulum-stabilizer mounted on the wire, while the pendulum-dampener is fixed to the wire rigidly and deviated from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer is located below the wire, which coincides with the essential features the proposed one, with neighboring loads placed on opposite sides of the specified vertical plane, while between each two adjacent pendulums installed additionally introduced pendulum-limiters twisting, each of which is rigidly fixed to the wire and located under the wire.

The aforementioned aerial power lines use the designs of pendulum-dampers and stabilizers fixed to the wire, which exclude the first tipping over. Such an analogue is also ineffective due to difficulties in their installation on the line.

Closest to the proposed is a device for limiting the intensity of dancing single wires of overhead power lines [3], selected as a prototype.

The prototype device contains a pendulum-damper and a pendulum-stabilizer mounted on the wire, while the pendulum-damper is fixed on the wire and deflected from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer is located below the power line, which coincides with the essential features of the proposed.

In addition, the stabilizer pendulum is fixed to the wire rigidly and at a considerable distance from the damping pendulum.

The disadvantage of the prototype device is that its work is based on the interaction of neighboring groups of pendulum-dampers and stabilizer pendulums, spaced along the line at a considerable distance. This leads to the need for consecutive installation work in neighboring sections of power lines, spaced 5-10 meters apart. This requires the organization of several installation sites, reduces the efficiency of installation, increases its cost and complexity.

To overcome the disadvantages of the known device, a device is proposed for limiting the intensity of dancing of wires of an overhead power line, which contains a pendulum-dampener and a pendulum-stabilizer mounted on the wire, while the pendulum-dampener is fixed on the wire and is deflected from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer is located below the wire, which coincides with the essential features of the proposed.

In this case, the stabilizer pendulum is mounted on a hinge mounted on the wire, and the viscoelastic element that supports the pendulum-absorber is supported on the stabilizer pendulum.

In addition, the viscoelastic element provides a logarithmic decrement of torsional vibrations of the pendulum-dampener relative to the stabilizer pendulum in the range of 0.8 ± 0.2.

In addition, the pendulum-absorber is deflected from the vertical plane by an angle of more than 60 ° and is perpendicular to the axis of the wire, while the stabilizer pendulum is perpendicular to the axis of the wire, and deviated from the vertical plane by an angle of less than 30 °.

In addition, the moment of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer is greater than the moment of inertia of the pendulum-dampener by 0.5-1.0 orders of magnitude.

In addition, the moments of inertia of the stabilizer pendulum and the damping pendulum differ by less than 15%, and the angle between the pendulums is in the range from 120 ° to 170 °, while the damping pendulum is angled more than 60 ° from the vertical.

List of drawing figures:

FIG. 1 Scheme of the proposed device according to p. 3 formulas;

FIG. 2 Scheme of the proposed device according to p. 5 formulas;

In FIG. 1, 2 the following notation of elements is used:

1 - pendulum-dampener;

2 - stabilizer pendulum;

3 - wire;

4 - hinge;

5 - viscoelastic element.

The invention is illustrated by drawings, where in FIG. 1 shows a diagram of the proposed device according to paragraphs. 1, 3 of the formula, which shows that the pendulum-dampener 1 is located in a horizontal plane perpendicular to the axis of the wire 3 and is rigidly fixed to it, and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 is located in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the wire 3 and mounted on a hinge 4, while between The viscoelastic element 5 is introduced by the pendulum-absorber 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2. In this case, the pendulum-absorber 1 is deviated from the vertical plane by an angle α> 60 ° (in the shown embodiment, by an angle α = 90 °) and is perpendicular to the axis of the wire 3, while the stabilizer pendulum is perpendicular to the axis of the wire and deviated from the vertical plane by an angle β <30 ° (in the shown embodiment, by an angle β = 0 °).

In FIG. 2 shows a diagram of the proposed device according to claim 5 of the formula, which shows that the pendulum-dampener 1, rigidly fixed to the wire 3, and the pendulum-stabilizer 2, mounted on a hinge 4, placed on the wire 3, are located close to the horizontal plane perpendicular to the axis 3, while a viscoelastic element 5 is introduced between the pendulum-dampener 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2, and the angle between the pendulums is in the range 120 ° ≤γ≤170 °, while the pendulum-absorber is deviated from the vertical by an angle δ> 60 ° ( in the depicted embodiment, by an angle δ = 80 °).

The invention works as follows. Resonances in macroscopic mechanical oscillatory systems, as is known, lead to devastating consequences. An effective method of dealing with this is the relative phase shift of its spectral components, which is achieved by introducing additional oscillatory systems with tuned resonance. Ultimately, it all comes down to the energy interaction of such resonant systems with mismatching resonant frequencies. Interaction with the energy of the galloping wire 3 is carried out by the pendulum-dampener 1, rigidly fixed to the wire 3. According to experimental data, the most likely galloping of the wire 3 is in the vertical plane. Therefore, the horizontal position of the pendulum-damper 2 provides its maximum eccentricity relative to the wire 3. This allows him to store the maximum energy of the elastic torsion of the wire, and then use it to phase out the galloping oscillations. Maintaining the horizontalness of the pendulum-damper 1 provides the pendulum-stabilizer 2 located in a vertical plane perpendicular to the axis of the wire 3. The pendulum-stabilizer 2 is pivotally mounted on the wire 3, its verticality is provided by gravity, and the viscoelastic element 5 supported on it supports the pendulum-damper 1 in close to horizontal position.

An example of the simplest and most effective embodiment of the device is shown in FIG. 1, where the pendulum-dampener 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 are made in the form of rods, at the ends of which loads of the necessary mass are fixed. In this case, the pendulum-damper 1 is located in the horizontal, and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 is in the vertical plane. Convenience and ease of installation of the device are obvious, because it is carried out from one installation site, since the device is much more compact than its analogues and prototype — the attachment points of the pendulum-damper 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 on wire 3 are located close to each other.

Another example of a simple and reliable embodiment of the device is shown in FIG. 2, where the pendulum-dampener 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 are located near the horizontal plane. The stabilizer pendulum 2 is mounted on a hinge 4 on the wire 3, and is balanced by the mass of the pendulum-absorber 1 by means of a viscoelastic element 5. The torsional elasticity of the wire 3 and the location of the center of mass below the wire ensures the horizontalness of such a system of pendulums. As in the previously considered version, the elasticity of the viscoelastic element 5 provides a phase shift of the galloping wave and oscillations of the pendulums 1 and 2, which reduces the amplitude of the resulting oscillation, and viscosity - the energy dissipation of this process. The horizontal position of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 is used if necessary to increase the breakdown voltage to the ground or conductive relief elements under the high-voltage wire 3. In practice, to increase the stability of such a pendulum system and prevent it from tipping over, it is advisable to set the angles between the pendulums 1 and 2 in the initial position near 160 °, which will provide the necessary stability of the pendulum system at high wind loads.

According to the data obtained, the damping efficiency of wire dancing increases if the moment of inertia of the pendulum-dampener 1 is less than the moment of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 in FIG. 1 by 0.5-1.0 order.

We show that the technical result is achieved due to the essential features of the proposed device.

That the device comprises a pendulum-dampener 1 and a pendulum-stabilizer 2 mounted on the wire 3, while the pendulum-dampener 1 is fixed to the wire 3 rigidly and deviated from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 is located below the wire 3, and also that the pendulum-stabilizer 2 is mounted on a hinge 4 mounted on the wire 3, the viscoelastic element 5, which supports the pendulum-absorber 1, is supported on the pendulum-stabilizer 2, provides a compact structure, the possibility of mounting the structure without relocation of the mounting platform, which increases the efficiency of work, reduces their cost. In addition, the reliability of power lines increases, which is associated with a decrease in the intensity of torsional loads on power lines during the movement of the pendulum-dampener 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2. The fact is that in the prototype a piece of wire 3 of the power line is twisted between the pendulum-dampener 1 fixed on it and a pendulum-stabilizer 2 (from 5 to 10 meters). In the proposed one, a piece of wire 3 of the power transmission line is twisted between the pendulum-dampers 1 (tens of meters), since the stabilizer pendulums 2 are pivotally mounted on the wire 3 and do not take part in its twisting. This reduces the torsion moment per unit length of wire 3 and increases its resource in the proposed device.

In addition, the logarithmic decrement of the torsional vibrations of the pendulum-dampener 1 relative to the pendulum-stabilizer 2 in the range of 0.8 ± 0.2 increases the efficiency of damping the wire dance and increases the reliability of power lines, which is determined empirically for a visco-elastic element 5.

In addition, the deviation of the pendulum-suppressor 1 from the vertical plane by an angle of more than 60 ° and the perpendicularity of its axis of the wire 3, as well as the perpendicularity of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 of the axis of the wire 3, and its deviation from the vertical plane by an angle of less than 30 ° increases the efficiency of damping the dance of wires , reports the extreme brevity of the design, minimizes cost, maximizes the reliability of power lines. Further expanding the range of these angles, obviously, reduces the efficiency of the device, since both the moment of forces of the galloping wire 3, the acting on the pendulum damper 1, and the returning moment of the gravitational forces acting on the pendulum-stabilizer 2 are reduced.

In addition, the empirically determined excess of the moment of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 in comparison with the moment of inertia of the pendulum-absorber 1 by 0.5-1.0 orders of magnitude increases the efficiency of damping the dancing of wires, increases the reliability of power lines, providing due to gravity the specified orientation of the system of pendulums 1 and 2 at different wind loads.

In addition, the moments of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer 2 and the pendulum-dampener 1 differ by less than 15%, and the angle between the pendulums is in the range from 120 ° to 170 °, while the pendulum-dampener is angled more than 60 ° from the vertical. This embodiment of the device increases the reliability of the power transmission line during large spans between supports and rugged terrain and high voltage power lines, when the distance from the ground to the conductive elements of the damper is critical. It is clear that the location of the pendulums 1 and 2 in a position close to the horizontal plane maximizes the distance of the structural elements of power lines to the earth's surface and increases the breakdown voltage. This with a rugged terrain increases the reliability of power lines. In addition, it is possible to increase the length of the pendulum of the damper 1 with a simultaneous decrease in its mass. This allows you to reduce the weight load on the wire and reduce the likelihood of its breakage while maintaining the damping efficiency. At the same time, in practice, as noted above, the angles between the pendulums 1 and 2 are less than 170 °, so that the center of gravity of the damper is even lower than wire 3. This is due to the need to reduce the likelihood of overturning of the damper and twisting of wire 3, which would lead to increase its tension and decrease reliability. On the other hand, a decrease in the range of these angles would lead to a decrease in the efficiency of the device, since the moment of forces of the galloping wire 3 acting on the pendulum of the damper 1 will decrease and the breakdown voltage between the ground and the stabilizer 2 will decrease. The deviation from the vertical of the pendulum-damper 2 by an angle greater than 60 ° increases the efficiency of the device, taking into account the increase to the required value of the horizontal projection of the pendulum-damper 2, responsible for interacting with the wire 3, galloping mainly in the vertical plane.

The empirically determined ratio of the moments of inertia of the pendulum-damper 1 and the pendulum-stabilizer 2 increases the efficiency of the process of damping the dancing of wires, and increases the reliability of power lines.

This increases the manufacturability of the proposed device, which also contributes to the achievement of the required technical result - reduces the cost, increases the efficiency of work, provides damping galloping vibrations and increases the reliability of power lines.

Thus, the proposed technical solution ensures the achievement of the claimed technical result.

Studies have confirmed the possibility of its practical implementation.

Sources of information:

1. Yakovlev L.V. "The method of extinguishing the dance of wires" // A.S. USSR No. 364274, publ. in B.I. No 27 on 07/25/1977

2. Yakovlev L.V. "Overhead power line" // A.S. USSR No. 1584021, publ. in B.I. No. 29 dated 08/07/1990

3. Kiselev N.A. "A method of limiting the intensity of dancing single wires overhead power lines and a device for its implementation" // RU 2 628 999, publ. in B.I. No.24 on 08.24.2017.

Claims (5)

1. Device for limiting the intensity of the dancing wires of an overhead power line, comprising a pendulum-dampener and a pendulum-stabilizer mounted on the wire, while the pendulum-dampener is fixed to the wire rigidly and deviated from the vertical, and the center of mass of the pendulum-stabilizer is located below the wire, characterized in that the stabilizer pendulum is mounted on a hinge mounted on the wire, the viscoelastic element rests on the stabilizer pendulum, which supports the pendulum-dampener. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the viscoelastic element provides a logarithmic decrement of torsional vibrations of the pendulum-dampener relative to the pendulum-stabilizer in the range of 0.8 ± 0.2. 3. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the pendulum-absorber is deflected from the vertical plane by an angle of more than 60 ° and is perpendicular to the axis of the wire, while the stabilizer pendulum is perpendicular to the axis of the wire and deviated from the vertical plane by an angle of less than 30 °. 4. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the moment of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer is greater than the moment of inertia of the pendulum-absorber by 0.5-1.0 orders of magnitude. 5. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the moments of inertia of the pendulum-stabilizer and pendulum-dampener differ by less than 15%, and the angle between the pendulums is in the range from 120 ° to 170 °, while the pendulum-absorber is deviated from the vertical at an angle greater than 60 °.

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