RU2713968C2 - Method for manufacturing of dental prosthesis - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: medicine.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions includes embodiments of the method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis and a connecting shaped part for implementation of any version of the method, relates to medicine, in particular to dentistry, and is intended for making a dental prosthesis or fitting an existing dental prosthesis for inclusion and fixation on existing remaining teeth and/or at least on one implant. Method of making a dental prosthesis for attachment to and fixation on retaining elements for dental prosthesis fixation consists in that, first, an actual patient's jaw is imprinted and a reference model is made, as well as a working model, then working model is fixed with possibility of rearrangement in milling base and is oriented relative to displacement direction in milling device or parallel mill. Then, adhesive surfaces (2) made of wax in the form of broadband staples and an adhesive bridge are modelled on formed retaining (1) elements. Then they are fixed by means of wax connecting shaped part (3) with fixedly connected parallel pin (4) and/or retention retaining element after orientation relative to insertion direction by means of parallel pin (4). Then forming teeth (7), plate (8) for model casting are modelled from wax and then simulated elements are equipped with channels (9) for casting under pressure, wherein each separate element is separately supplied, then the model is closed, and to remove wax is boiled out. After inserting replaceable matrix in connecting shaped part (3) and treatment of inner surfaces of mould, as well as gypsum mould is carried out by injection moulding with subsequent extraction of dental prosthesis.

EFFECT: invention widens the range of technical means for said purpose.

18 cl, 4 dwg

Description

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a denture or fitting an existing denture for inclusion and attachment to existing remaining teeth and / or at least one implant, wherein individual teeth and / or implants and / or their residues form retaining elements for the denture.

Both from practice and from the specialized literature, numerous, very different methods of this kind are known, which provide the ability to replace missing teeth in a patient’s mouth in a very different way. In part, these methods are very time-consuming and expensive, which leads to the fact that they are still not suitable for individual patients for financial or temporary reasons.

The basis of this invention is the task of performing the method specified in the beginning of the form so that the manufacture of a denture or fitting an existing denture, for example, when you lose the previously used as a retaining element of the tooth, is carried out not only with minimal time for the patient, but also additionally manufactured thus, the denture is cheap, therefore, the existing denture can be used as much as possible further.

The method according to the invention is characterized in that the actual state of the jaw of the patient is first imprinted, and a reference model and a working model are made from it, then the working model is fixed with the possibility of rearrangement in the milling base and oriented relative to the direction of insertion in the milling device, then the formed retaining elements are applied adhesive surfaces of wax in the form of broadband brackets, an adhesive bridge or the like, then the connecting fit with movably connected by providing a parallelism pin and / or retention retaining element after the orientation is made with respect to the direction of insertion by means of a parallelizing pin, it is fixed with wax, then the teeth forming the denture, the model casting plate, as well as other necessary parts, are modeled from wax, or modeled an existing denture, and then the simulated elements are supplied with injection channels, with each individual element NT is supplied with a separate channel, then the model is sealed and boiled to remove wax, and then after the insertion of the replaceable matrix (duplicating matrix) into the connecting shaped part and processing of the inner surfaces of the mold, as well as the gypsum mold, injection molding into the mold is carried out, followed by extraction of the denture .

The advantage achieved by the invention consists primarily in the fact that for a patient, only one visit to the dentist is sufficient to imprint the remaining teeth of his jaw and only one other visit is necessary to introduce the finished denture. First of all, as a rule, there is no need for preparatory work on still existing teeth. Another advantage is the simplified manufacture of the denture in the laboratory, since injection molding of the primary part and the secondary part, or, accordingly, casting of the model, including the parts to be replaced, takes place in one working step. Due to this, along with saving time, there is also a significant reduction in cost. However, in particular, also an existing denture, which can consist of both plastic and metal or possibly other materials, with a lost, or, accordingly, lost retaining tooth, or, accordingly, the retaining element, can be easily also saving time and cost again to be secured to another retaining element. In addition, the possibility of a very free choice of the shape of the connecting fittings is additionally created. So, it can be made in the form of a chill mold, in the form of a conical or parallel sleeve, or in the form of a slidable part, while during execution it is possible to additionally provide for the fixation of the shaped slidable part by means of the so-called snap-in. Moreover, within the framework of the invention, it is also envisaged that the primary part (crown with a sliding shaped part / holding element with a sliding shaped part) and the secondary part (casting of the model and, possibly, teeth to be expanded) can be produced using computer-supported methods, while the secondary part should be planned for gluing on the sliding housing and the gap required for gluing (for passive gluing without stresses) of the sliding housing, and in which afterwards full-time ranking impending housing is glued to oncoming shaped part (primary part).

In a preferred modification of the invention, the individual injection molding channels can be grouped into one or more injection holes, whereby in the latter case it is possible to inject various plastics with different properties into the individual injection channels.

In addition, there is the possibility of introducing a special matrix (duplicating matrix) into it before the injection molding process made in the form of a shaped part of the connecting shaped part, in order to enable the patient to replace it again and replace it with a special matrix (friction matrix) before complete fabrication and insertion.

After performing the indicated steps of the method according to the invention, as a rule, it is only necessary after removal to clean the separation plate and the basal side of the possible excess casting material and to separate the casting channels.

In addition, in the framework of the invention, it may be preferable to subsequently process the extracted and cleaned denture for a final fit on a reference model.

In addition, within the framework of the invention, it is preferable when, after the orientation of the working model in the milling device or in the parallelism meter, the work to be performed is first indicated on the working model, then on the prosthesis lying below the equator, i.e. A plaster sealant is applied to the rear seats, and then model plastic is applied to the sealed seats to fill these rear seats.

In addition, it is preferable when the connecting fittings are freely adjusted to fit the model before installation on the basal side.

Another preferred process according to the invention is characterized in that when modeling the teeth, their chewing surfaces are made using separately made and installed wax chewing surfaces, or instead, teeth made of wax or teeth made of plastic are set.

In addition, it is preferable that, before embedding the model, the separation plate is slightly cleaned for additional precise fixation.

In addition, to enable subsequent easy extraction from the mold, it is advisable that the inner surfaces of the mold are treated with a release agent, such as, for example, Exaktoform insulation.

Finally, for the same reasons, it is advisable when the gypsum molds are provided with a release agent.

According to another alternative embodiment of the invention, when the connecting shaped part is made of metal or made of another material, the parts to be injection molded can be closed in a muffle form suitable for pressing thermoplastics, while using the casting technology, the working model is first made from the sealing mass, and the required special matrix (duplicate matrix) is installed in the sliding housing, while when using the removal technology m The material is operated directly on the reference model, and in this case, the required special matrix (duplicating matrix) is inserted into the sliding housing before the models are installed in the muffle form, then the models are equipped with injection molding channels, for this each individual element is supplied with a separate channel, and then the models are embedded in a muffle mold using a sealing compound, then burned out in a preheating furnace, and then after cooling to the temperature required for injection molding from poured into molds, or after cooling to room temperature, sealed in a cuvette and filled with thermoplastic, after which extraction is carried out as described above.

In addition, the subject of the invention is a connecting shaped part for performing the method, consisting of the body of the shaped part, as well as one or more parallel pins and / or retention holding elements, which are fixedly connected to the body of the shaped part by means of the intermediate part, while providing the parallelism of the pin is oriented parallel to the direction of the insertion of the denture given by the body of the shaped part.

Moreover, in one preferred embodiment, the body of the shaped part is formed provided for the mold to remain in the denture.

However, it is also possible that the body of the shaped part is made in the form of a shaped sliding part.

Finally, the body of the shaped part can also be made in the form of a conical or parallel sleeve, also in the form of a double sleeve for mounting on the root of the tooth or on the tooth to which the bridge is attached.

Below is a more detailed explanation of the method based on an example implementation with reference to the accompanying drawings, which depict:

figa and 1b - made in accordance with the method of a denture, mounted on a reference model for subsequent processing;

figure 2 - denture, according to figure 1, without a basement model, however, with the division into primary and secondary parts on the connecting fittings;

figure 3 - a separate connecting shaped part in two different embodiments;

4 is another separate connecting shaped part also in two different embodiments.

The denture shown in the drawings is provided for inclusion and fixation on existing remaining teeth and / or at least one implant. In this case, individual teeth, respectively, implants form retaining elements for the denture, as shown in figure 1.

To make a denture, a print of the actual condition of the jaw of the patient is first performed, and a reference model and a working model are executed from it, which has the form shown as an example in FIG. The working model is fixed in a manner not shown in the figures with the possibility of rearrangement in the milling base and is oriented relative to the direction of insertion in the milling device or parallelism meter.

Then on the holding elements 1, i.e. on the formed elements for fixing the denture in the patient’s oral cavity (teeth, implants or their residues), wax bonding surfaces 2 are modeled in the form of brackets having a wide surface. However, depending on the actual state of the jaw, an adhesive bridge or the like can also be modeled. After that, a connecting shaped part 3 is fixed on it with wax with a fixed pin 4 providing parallelism, and then with the help of a parallel pin 4, the denture is oriented relative to the direction of insertion.

After that, the teeth 7 forming the denture, the injection plate 8 of the model, as well as other necessary parts are modeled from wax, and then the simulated elements are provided with channels 9 for injection molding. In this case, each individual element is supplied separately with channels 9 for injection molding, as shown as an example in figure 1.

Then, the model itself is sealed in a known manner and boiled or burned to remove wax. Finally, after introducing the matrices forming the friction part 6 into the connecting shaped part 3 and processing the internal surfaces of the mold, as well as the gypsum mold, injection molding into the mold is carried out, followed by extraction of the denture.

In this case, individual channels 9 for injection molding, not shown in the drawing, are also grouped into several holes for injection molding, while there is the possibility of injection into separate zones of various plastics.

After extraction, the denture has the shape essentially shown in the drawing, so that when the connecting shaped part 3 is made in the form of a shaped part of the housing, the separation plate 5 and the basal side are first cleaned of the possible excess casting material and the existing casting channels 9 are separated.

Finally, the extracted and released denture can be subjected to further processing for subsequent fitting on a reference model.

In the method according to the invention, other intermediate steps are also provided for an optimal treatment course; in particular, usually after the orientation of the working model in the milling device or parallelism meter, the work to be performed is first performed on the working model, then on the prosthesis lying under the equator, i.e. gypsum aggregate is applied to the back or, respectively, places falling under each other, and then modeling plastic is applied to the filled places to fill these back places.

In addition, it is advisable to freely fit the connecting shaped part 3 before installation on the basal side in accordance with the state of the model.

In principle, in order to ensure the health of the patient, attention should be paid to the sufficient implementation of the requirements of dental hygiene.

To simplify the modeling of teeth 7, it is recommended to perform their chewing surfaces using separately manufactured and installed wax chewing surfaces. However, wax teeth or plastic teeth can also be used instead.

In addition, it is preferable when, prior to embedding the model, the separation plate 5 of the connecting shaped part 3 is slightly cleaned with a modeling tool for additional precise fixation.

Finally, it is per se known per se to provide internal mold surfaces with a release agent, such as, for example, Exaktoform insulation, for easier extraction of a molded denture. Accordingly, gypsum forms must be provided with a release agent.

In another embodiment, not shown in the drawing, in which a connecting shaped part 3 made of metal or made of another material is used, the parts to be cast are sealed in a muffle mold suitable for pressing thermoplastics, while using casting technology, models are made from termination mass is a working model, which before modeling is reduced in size relative to the muffle shape. At the same time, a ranking element for a special matrix (duplicate matrix) is introduced before modeling. In contrast, when applying the material removal technology, work is performed directly on the reference model, and the element holding the place for a special matrix (duplicate matrix) is introduced before embedding the models in a muffle form. Then, the models are equipped with channels 9 for injection molding, while for this purpose a separate supply to each individual element is carried out, then the models in a muffle form are sealed with a sealing mass, and then burned in a preheating furnace. After cooling to the desired casting temperature, it is possible to cast into a mold, or after cooling to room temperature, seal it in a cuvette and fill it with thermoplastic. After that, the extraction is performed in the manner indicated above.

FIG. 3 shows, by way of example, a connecting fit that can be used to carry out the method according to the invention. It consists of the body of the shaped part, as well as of a pin providing parallelism, which through the intermediate part 4.1 is fixedly connected to the body of the shaped part. In this case, the parallelizing pin is oriented parallel to the direction of the denture retraction set by the shaped body.

In this embodiment, the body of the shaped part is formed provided for the mold to remain in the denture. At the same time, in Fig. 3a, the connecting shaped part is provided with a housing, while in Fig. 3b, a punch is provided instead, so that the body of the shaped part is made in the form of a sliding part.

Finally, as shown in FIG. 4, the body of the shaped part can be made in the form of a conical or parallel sleeve 11 for mounting on the tooth root or on the support 10 located on the implant 13, while, as shown in FIG. 4b, it is also possible to perform double crown 11, 12.

Claims (18)

1. A method of manufacturing a denture for attachment to and fastening on the retaining elements for fixing the denture, characterized in that the imprint of the actual condition of the jaw of the patient is first performed and a reference model and a working model are made on it, then the working model is fixed with the possibility of rearrangement milling base and orient with respect to the direction of insertion in the milling device or parallelometer, then adhesive surfaces are modeled on the formed holding (1) elements of wax (2) in the form of broadband brackets, an adhesive bridge, then a connecting shaped part (3) is fixed with wax using a fixed pin (4) and / or a retention holding element which is fixedly parallel, after orientation with respect to the direction of insertion using ensuring parallelism of the pin (4), then the teeth forming the denture (7), the plate (8) for casting are modeled from wax and then the simulated elements are provided with channels (9) for injection molding, while each individual element is supplied separately, then the model is closed up and boiled away to remove wax, finally after injection of the replaceable duplicating matrix into the connecting shaped part (3) and processing of the internal surfaces of the mold and the gypsum mold, injection molding into the mold is carried out, followed by extraction denture. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the individual channels (9) for injection molding are grouped with the formation of one or more holes for molding. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before the injection molding process made in the form of a shaped part of the housing of the connecting shaped part (3), a redundant matrix is introduced into it to enable its replacement before complete manufacture and insertion to the patient and replacement with a friction matrix. 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after removing the separation plate (5) provided on the connecting shaped part (3) made in the form of a shaped part of the housing, and the basal side is cleaned of possible excess casting material and the casting channels are separated (9 ) 5. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the extracted and cleaned denture is subjected to further processing for the final fit to the reference model. 6. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after the orientation of the working model in the milling device or in the parallelometer, the work to be performed is first performed on the working model, and then on the prosthesis lying below the equator, i.e. A plaster sealant is applied to the rear seats and then modeling plastic is applied to the sealed seats to fill these rear seats. 7. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the connecting shaped part (3) before installation is freely adjusted on the basal side in accordance with the model. 8. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that when modeling the teeth (7), their chewing surfaces are formed using separately manufactured and installed wax chewing surfaces, or instead, teeth made of wax or teeth made of plastic are installed. 9. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that before closing the model, the separation plate for additional accurate fixation is slightly cleaned. 10. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they process the inner surfaces of the mold with a release agent. 11. The method according to PP. 1-10, characterized in that the plaster molds provide a release agent. 12. The method according to PP. 1-11, characterized in that the retaining elements are formed by means of individual teeth and / or implants and / or their residues. 13. A method of manufacturing a denture, characterized in that when the connecting shaped part (3) is made of metal, the parts to be injection molded are sealed in a muffle form suitable for pressing thermoplastics, while using the casting technology of the models, the working model is first made from the sealing mass , which before modeling is reduced in size relative to the muffle shape, and a backup matrix is installed in the sliding housing, then the models are equipped with channels (9) for injection molding In this case, for this, each individual element is supplied separately and then the simulated elements are embedded into a muffle mold using a sealing mass, then burned out in a preheating furnace, and then, after cooling to the temperature required for injection molding, they are cast in a mold or after cooling to room temperature, close up in a cuvette and fill with thermoplastic, and then carry out the extraction. 14. A method of manufacturing a dental prosthesis, characterized in that when the connecting shaped part (3) is made of metal, the parts to be injection molded are sealed in a muffle form suitable for pressing thermoplastics, while using the material removal technology, work is carried out directly on the reference model and moreover, the backup matrix is introduced into the sliding housing before installing the models in a muffle form, then the models are equipped with channels (9) for injection molding, while for this each One of the elements is supplied separately and then the simulated elements are filled into a muffle mold using a grouting mass, then they are burned in a preheating furnace, and then, after cooling to the temperature required for injection molding, they are cast in a mold or, after cooling to room temperature, they are embedded in a cuvette and fill with thermoplastic, and then carry out the extraction. 15. The connecting fit to perform the method according to any one of paragraphs. 1-12, consisting of the body of the shaped part, as well as one or more parallel pins and / or retention holding elements, which are fixedly connected to the shaped part using the intermediate part, while the parallel pin or corresponding retention holding element is oriented parallel to the specified the body of the shaped part to the direction of the denture. 16. The connecting shaped part according to claim 15, characterized in that the body of the shaped part is formed provided for the mold to remain in the denture. 17. The connecting shaped part according to p. 15, characterized in that the body of the shaped part is made in the form of a punch pushed part. 18. The connecting shaped part according to claim 15, characterized in that the body of the shaped part is made in the form of a conical sleeve or a double crown for mounting on the tooth root or on the support.

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