RU2713552C1 - Method for intensification of oil production, elimination and prevention of deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells and device for its implementation - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to the field of oil and gas industry, mainly to extraction of viscous and super viscous oil, and also can be used for intensification of oil production, complicated with viscous components and deposits. Disclosed is a method of intensifying oil recovery, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, in which electric energy is transmitted to well depth in the form of high-voltage pulses with high frequency of their following along cable and tubing string of the well, obtained by discharging capacitive accumulators through pulse transformer to cable cores, and are used for excitation of pulse current and accordingly pumping of energy of pulsed magnetic field in induction circuits formed by cable cores, pipe string and (or) inductor, by means of which induction heating and electrodynamic vibration action is performed to pipe string. At that, pulse current in induction circuits is excited by shorter compared to duration of pulse current with high-voltage pulses and at the same time by reducing the duration of high voltage pulses, power and distance of energy transfer are increased by increasing energy in the high voltage pulse itself and increasing their repetition rate. Possibility of high-voltage pulses compression into low-frequency power packets is used without loss of transmitted power to obtain a low-frequency shock-vibration-wave action. At that transmission of pulses to the well depth is carried out via parallel channels of at least two, for which a cable is used, having for transfer of pulse energy of not less than three conductors, and performing induction action on pipe string or residential cable in each power transmission channel or using an inductor receiving energy from said power transmission channel. Exposure, with the help of each power transmission channel, is carried out in a separate section by closing the cable cores in the power transmission channel to the pipe string and or to an inductor acting on the column metal in that section. Simultaneously, duration of pulse current in all channels of energy transfer is reduced by increasing the number of sections, aligning parameters of induction circuits formed by these sections, synchronization and alignment of high-voltage pulses in power transmission channels. Proposed device comprises capacitance energy accumulator, pulse transformer with primary and secondary windings, transmitting and induction cables and inductors. Secondary winding of pulse transformer is sectional. Transmitting induction cable has at least three conductors, in which cores in alternating order are connected to sections of secondary winding, note here that said strands from the other end of the cable are also closed in alternating order to well string or inductors arranged in series with cable connection sections to form induction circuits for induction action on metal of well string.

EFFECT: high efficiency of the method due increased volume and intensity of complex thermal, high-frequency acoustic and low-frequency shock-vibration effects.

12 cl, 8 dwg

Description

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The invention relates to the field of oil and gas industry, mainly to the production of viscous and super-viscous oil, and can also be used to intensify oil production, complicated by viscous components and deposits.

State of the art

There are a large number of methods for stimulating production, for the above applications, which use thermal, acoustic, vibration and shock wave effects in the volume of oil and gas wells and in the near-well zone of the formation.

Numerous wave methods can be divided into pulsed single-action (shock), low-frequency (vibration microwave) and high-frequency (acoustic exposure, including ultrasound).

The most widely used methods are impacts on the bottom-hole zone with powder gases, electro-hydraulic shocks, instant depressions, as well as vibration and acoustic effects from various hydrodynamic, electromagnetic, and ultrasonic generators.

To create a thermal action, steam-cyclic treatments with areal injection of steam are used, in the heat treatment using heating cables (see [1] RF patent No. 2167008, IPC V08V 9/027, publ. 05.20.2001), cable-ferromagnetic tube induction systems "Using the surface effect of the reverse current in a ferromagnetic tube, irradiation with high-frequency electromagnetic energy (see [2] RF patent No. 2139415, IPC ЕВВ 43/00, publ. 10.10.1999), a variety of immersion electric heaters - resistive, electrode induction Rarely due to technical difficulties, in-situ combustion and the thermal effect of chemical heat generators are used.

As a result of experience with the application of the above methods of stimulation of wells, it was found that those that maximize the degree of combination (complex) with the thermal effect of any wave - shock, low-frequency vibro-microwave, high-frequency (ultrasonic) effects, and often complex effects online, i.e. simultaneously with the operation of the well.

So, for example, in the method of exposure to the bottomhole formation zone described below in the oil production process, three types of exposure are combined at once - low-frequency vibrating microwave, high-frequency acoustic and thermal effects in the process of oil production, for which a vibroacoustic source and a thermal emitter are placed under the electric drive of the submersible pump in the interval perforations, and the impact control is carried out through the power cable of the electric drive of the submersible pump and the cable suspension connecting the vibroacoustic source and t a thermo-emitter with an electric drive of a submersible pump, the effect being carried out during the operation of the submersible pump (see [3] RF patent No. 2267601, IPC ЕВВ 43/25, Method and installation for influencing the bottom-hole formation zone during oil production, publ. 10.01.2006 )

Known methods of stimulation of production, which also use an electric method for delivering energy to the bottom of the well and converting it into the form necessary for this, for example, in the form of a high-voltage pulse discharge that excites cyclic compression waves, a pulsating vapor-gas cavity (see [4] US patent No. 4345650, IPC Е21В 36/04, ЕВВ 43/00, Е21В 43/24. Process and apparatus for electrohydraulic recovery of crude oil, publ. 08.24.1982). The disadvantage of this method is the weak thermal effect and low frequency of exposure, preventing the penetration of energy into the reservoir due to rapid attenuation.

There is a method of intensifying production, liquidation and prevention of deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells in which they act with elastic sound waves of a vibration source and separately by electric heating by passing current through a previously insulated part of the column from an electric cable (see [5] RF patent No. 2097544, IPC E21B 43/25, Е21В 28/00, Е21В 36/04, A method of increasing oil production from an oil reservoir and a device for its implementation, publ. 01.07.1992).

There is also known a method in which the formation is subjected to a complex of ultrasonic vibrations from a separate source and low-frequency vibration from an electric discharge (see [6] RF patent No. 2392422, IPC ЕВВ 43/16, Oil production method using elastic vibration energy and installation for it implementation, publ. 04/28/2009). However, the disadvantage of this method is the locality of exposure in the bottom-hole formation zone and the impossibility of influencing the oil to be lifted in the well’s elevator, which limits their use in developed fields with the formation of a large number of asphalt-resinous, paraffin and emulsion deposits in the production process, as well as in fields with high viscosity and bituminous oil.

In all of the above methods, complex thermal-microwave action is carried out by sources of varying degrees of intensity, but according to the principle of creating wave energy, they are all local, i.e. implemented in the form of any emitters of a certain design, immersed in the well. General disadvantage: large losses and dissipation of wave energy in the initial portion of the radiation, large frequency spread and non-synchronism of wave effects during multipoint exposure, which does not allow a sufficiently effective effect on the influx and rise of oil. Another disadvantage of these complex technologies is the low thermal effect in the lift wells

Currently, based on the need, especially in the production of viscous oils, to carry out complex thermoacoustic effects not only in the field of oil inflow into the well (in the bottomhole formation zone), a group of inventions with a complex effect distributed throughout the well’s volume has appeared.

So, there is a known method of intensifying production and controlling sediments using an electric pulse shock-wave action distributed throughout a well (see [7] RF patent No. 2471965, IPC Е21В 37/00, Method for eliminating and preventing the formation of asphaltene-resin-paraffin deposits (AFS ) and installation for its implementation, publ. 10.01.2013). When implementing the method, in the tubing, the cable, on which the electric arresters are mounted, is lowered to the length from the mouth to the bottomhole zone or to the depth of the possible formation of an ARPD. Each of the arresters is supplied with a cable from pulses or packets of voltage pulses with the necessary parameters located on the surface of the control unit (BU). A spark or arc discharge is produced with the manifestation of electro-hydroblow on any of the arresters, independently of other arresters or on any group of arresters selected from their total number and local heating at the place of the discharge.

Despite the advantages of the distributed wave action of this method, due to the insufficient thermal effect of the discharges, effective destruction of viscous deposits from such wave action does not occur.

Another disadvantage of this method is the limitation of the range of energy transfer for pulsed discharges through a cable of limited cross-section and insufficient depth of the wave action.

Among the class of methods that use complex and distributed along the depth of wells thermoacoustic effects on fracture of deposits and increase the fluidity of viscous hydrocarbons in the elevator part of the well and oil inflow from the borehole formation zone (PZP), and used both for idle and during operation , a method is known that is carried out using a high-frequency generator and an electric energy transmission line in the form of a cable immersed in a well to a depth of formation of deposits, in which giving a high-frequency electric current, is affected by a high-frequency electromagnetic field created by this current on the surface of the pipelines, and thereby thermal, due to induction high-frequency heating, and acoustic, due to electrodynamic forces, influence the pipe string, simultaneously carry out a direct thermo-acoustic effect on the well fluid by shorting through it a high-frequency current at the end of the cable, while determining the frequency range at which Xia maximum thermal and acoustic power, as in the pipe string, and in most wellbore fluid from the high bit line and currents in the wellbore fluid (see. [8] RF patent No. 228442, IPC ЕВВ 37/00, ЕВВ 36/04, Method and device for eliminating and preventing the formation of deposits and plugs in oil and gas producing wells, publ. 03/20/2005).

To enhance the thermal and acoustic effects in the described method, high-frequency energy is used in a pulsed mode, which contributes to the creation of shock mechanical vibrations in the pipe string along the depth of the well and the creation of shock waves in the borehole fluid itself due to the fact that in the pulsed mode the high-frequency current in the fluid acquires characteristics discharge (see [9] Badamshin R.A., Melnikov V.I. Experimental downhole equipment for processing at the bottomhole formation zone and eliminating deposits throughout their depth IAOD successes of modern science in 2004 -... №5 from 35-38)..

Close to the claimed, in technical essence, is a known method of intensifying oil production in oil and gas wells by eliminating deposits and increasing the viscosity of viscous hydrocarbons in the well and the bottomhole formation zone, which is a development of the previous method and also uses distributed wave and thermal effects, and also uses for this purpose cable power transmission line (see [10] RF patent №2520672, IPC ЕВВ 43/25, Е21В 43/24, Е21В 28/00, Е21В 36/00. Method for intensifying oil production in oil and gas producing wells and devices for its implementation, publ. 06.27.2014). In this method of intensifying production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, a cable line is used to transmit pulsed energy and the latter is obtained by switching capacitive energy storage devices through a matching device to this cable line, while creating an intense wave action in the well or group of wells for account synchronized and distributed along the length of the cable action on the borehole medium pulsed electric discharge using technological their arresters and on the metal of pipelines by a pulsed magnetic field created by the discharge current in the conductors of the cable line. For further consideration, this method is denoted by the number 1.

The closest, in terms of the content of technological operations, is a method of intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells and a device for its implementation, in which electric energy is transmitted to the depth of the well in the form of high voltage pulses with a high frequency of their following along the cable and a string of well pipes obtained by discharging capacitive storage devices through a pulse transformer to the cable conductors and use them to excite the pulse current and Accordingly, the energy of a pulsed magnetic field is pumped in induction circuits formed by cable cores, a pipe string and (or) an inductor, by means of which induction heating and electrodynamic vibration action on a pipe string are carried out, and the pulse current in the induction circuits is excited by shorter pulses compared to the duration of the pulse current high voltage and at the same time, by reducing the duration of high voltage pulses, increase the power and distance of energy transfer so that increase the energy in the high voltage pulse and increase their repetition rate, the possibility of using high voltage pulse compression in the low-frequency energy packages without loss of transmit power to obtain a low-frequency shock-wave vibro-impact (see. [11] RF patent No. 2666830, IPC ЕВВ 43/25, Е21В 28/00, Е21В 43/16, Е21В 37/00, Method for intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells and a device for its implementation, publ. . 09/12/2018). For further consideration, we denote this method by the number 2.

Since the last two methods are very close, then the analysis of the shortcomings eliminated by the claimed invention will be done for method 1 and method 2.

Hereinafter, the following terminology will be used:

- an inductor is a device for acting on a pipe metal surface by induction of a magnetic field, in which the conductors are connected in such a way that they form a multi-turn structure, either in the form of a winding around the longitudinal axis of the pipe (inductor with a longitudinal field), or a winding of turns located along the pipe (transverse field inductor)

- a transmission cable is a cable that is used only for transferring pulsed energy to, for example, an inductor connected at the end of the cable.

- an induction cable is a cable that itself is used as an element of an inductor, i.e. an element acting on the pipe string by induction of a magnetic field.

- a transmitting induction cable is a cable whose cores are used both for induction and for transferring energy to an additional device, for example, in the form of an inductor.

The disadvantage of method 1 is the lack of efficiency, because it reduces the viscosity and affects the surface forces, mainly in the well elevator, and affects the oil reservoir in deep wells and in wells with a horizontal section with insufficient intensity.

This disadvantage of the method and device for its implementation is compounded by the fact that for the transfer of energy to a greater depth (length), that with limited cable sizes, it has a natural restriction on the depth (length) of the impact:

- the longer the length of the induction cable, the greater its inductance and the longer the duration of the voltage pulse is necessary to create a current pulse of the required size.

- the longer the duration of the voltage pulse, the smaller should be its amplitude due to the danger of breakdown and the smaller the distance and, accordingly, the transmitted power to the depth of the well.

The last drawback of method 1 is eliminated in method 2, which uses a special technique for reducing the duration of high voltage pulses - cutting high voltage pulses by saturating the magnetic circuit - which solves two important problems at once: it provides transmission over a greater distance with less losses due to an increase in the pulse voltage and compressing pulses into energy packets provide a low-frequency (with a packet repetition rate) additional vibration impact with a high average power spine and maintaining the intensity of thermal and acoustic effects.

The disadvantage of method 2 is the insufficient intensity of the thermal and high-frequency acoustic effects distributed over the well’s lift, and the intense shock-wave action is concentrated in the local areas of the discharge electrodes.

The insufficient thermoacoustic effect distributed over the well volume is explained by the fact that the induction circuits that create the distributed effect are connected in series with discharge gaps, which, according to the main idea of the method, operate in the corona discharge region, i.e. at low currents (but high voltages), then the induction action distributed over the volume (heating and electrodynamic vibration microwave action) is extremely weak here due to low currents and, therefore, small field inductions.

This leads to the fact that the described method 2 has insufficient efficiency on some types of wells to intensify production, for example, wells with a high content of salt water, the conductivity of which shunts the discharge gap. Moreover, it is ineffective for wells with viscous anhydrous oil, where the discharge electrode system practically does not work and it is necessary to fill the well with water. It is also difficult to use it to stimulate wells having an extended bottomhole connection with the formation, for example, in wells with extended horizontal sections along the formation, since the action of the discharges is local. The disadvantage of the device for implementing the method 2 described above is that it uses saturation of the magnetic circuit and a sharp decrease in the magnetization inductance of the transformer to shunt the output circuit to create short pulses. Those. current is pumped only at the initial stage, and at the decay of high voltage pulses, the connection of the primary and secondary windings of the transformer disappears, and energy is not transmitted. For the transfer and pumping of energy into the discharge gap, using a discharge type similar to the corona discharge, this is the most optimal, since energy accumulates very quickly in it (during the breakdown of the medium), because of the large inductance, the energy is accumulated in insufficient quantity. That is, if we exclude the effect of the discharge gap from the method, for example, by placing it in salt water or simply by locking the end of the cable to the pipe string, then this feature of the device for implementing the method will not provide an intensive complex induction action distributed over the well’s volume .

Disclosure of the invention

The objective of the invention is to increase the efficiency of the method by increasing the volume and intensity of the complex - thermal, high-frequency acoustic and low-frequency shock-vibration effects.

Under the effectiveness of the method here is understood:

for idle people due to the need for resuscitation, restoration of circulation, wells, an increase in the percentage of wells on which the method is successfully implemented;

for existing wells - an increase in flow rate, a decrease in the water cut of produced oil, an improvement in the hydrodynamic mode of operation: a reduction in rod loads, a reduction in the energy consumption of pumps, etc.

The object of the invention is solved in that in the known method of intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, in which electric energy is transmitted to the depth of the well in the form of high voltage pulses with a high frequency of their movement along the cable and the pipe string of the well obtained by discharging capacitive drives through a pulse transformer to the cable cores and use them to excite a pulse current and, accordingly, pump energy pulse magnetic field in the induction circuits formed by the cores of the cable, the pipe string and (or) the inductor, through which induction heating and electrodynamic vibration action on the pipe string are carried out, and the pulse current in the induction circuits is excited by shorter pulses of high voltage compared to the duration of the pulse current and at the same time, by reducing the duration of high voltage pulses, they increase the power and distance of energy transfer by increasing the energy in the pulse itself high voltage and increase their repetition rate, while using the ability to compress high-voltage pulses into low-frequency energy packets without loss of transmitted power to obtain a low-frequency shock-vibration microwave effect, and the transmission of pulses to the depth of the wells is done through parallel channels of at least two, for which a cable is used having for transmitting pulsed energy at least three cores, and carry out an induction action on the pipe string or residential cable in each channel energy or using an inductor fed from this energy transmission channel, and the effect of using each energy transmission channel is carried out in a separate area by closing the cable cores in the energy transmission channel to the pipe string and (or) to the inductor acting on the metal of the column in this section, and the sections are distributed over the pipe string based on the technological requirements of the need to intensify the effects in these zones of the wells and, at the same time, reduce the duration of the pulse current in the whole ex channels of energy transfer, by increasing the number of sections, aligning the parameters of the induction circuits formed by these sections, synchronizing and aligning high voltage pulses in the channels of energy transfer.

Due to the increase in the decrease in the duration of the pulse current and the increase in the energy of the currents, an overtotal effect is formed of increasing the intensity of the high-frequency acoustic exposure distributed throughout the well volume

The total and new effect of the method is due to the sharp intensification of the distributed acoustic and microwave effects and the redistribution of its maximum intensity to the most critical areas of the well.

An even greater intensification is facilitated by a method in which, by selecting the transformation coefficient of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer supplying the energy transfer channel, the number of turns of the inductors and using the nonlinear properties of the pulse transformer magnetic circuit to equalize their duration, the pulse currents in the induction circuits and, accordingly, in the channels are smoothed as much as possible energy transfer.

The total effect of this method is that its new features are nonlinearly connected with the main known features in such a way that they act in concert with them in one direction - an increase in the number of circuits simultaneously reduces the duration of the pulse currents and reduces the stray inductance, which further reduces the duration of the pulse currents, equalization of currents in the circuits and, accordingly, in the cores of the cable, reduces the duration of the pulsed currents and at the same time reduces the stray inductance, the cat paradise also reduces the duration of pulse currents.

The most intense acoustic impact has a method in which the transfer of energy is organized so that the pulsed current in adjacent, closest to each other veins of the cable, flows at the same time in the opposite direction.

A method in which the batch mode of energy transfer is used in such a way that the packet repetition rate is adjusted to the frequency of the mechanical resonance of the pipe string, a new and previously unknown effect of producing over intense shock-wave microwave in the entire volume of the well, the source of which is the entire pipe string in the well

The shock-wave action with the help of sources (generators) distributed and coordinated over the volume of the tube, which is also a resonant amplifier of low-frequency wave effects and a guiding waveguide structure, have no analogues in such a combination or in such an integration of energy functions. To enhance the resonance properties, the distribution of areas with intense electrodynamic action along the pipe string, which can be determined by calculation or experimentally, also plays a role.

The most intense shock-microwave action is performed in a method in which the burst mode is used in such a way that the excitation of one pulse of the pulse current and, accordingly, the energy is pumped in one pulse of the magnetic field in the induction circuits using two or more unipolar high voltage pulses in one package.

A device for implementing the method comprises a capacitive energy storage device, the pulse transformer has a primary and secondary winding, a transmission and induction cable, an inductor, wherein the secondary winding of the pulse transformer is made sectional, the transmission induction cable has at least three wires, in which the wires are alternately connected to the sections secondary winding, while these wires from the other end of the cable are also closed in alternating order to the pipe string of the well or to the inductors located with portions of the connecting cable cores so that they form inductive circuit induction effect on metal tubing string of the well.

This embodiment of the device allows you to implement a method of intensifying oil production, elimination and prevention of deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells with the supertotal effect of increasing the intensity of the high-frequency acoustic exposure distributed throughout the volume of the well.

A device for implementing the method in which the pulse transformer is made of two rods, on which the windings of the pulse transformer are placed and contains yokes closing them, and in which the formed closed magnetic circuit is made of two grades of magnetic material - the rods on which the windings are placed are made of ferrite with saturation induction 0.25-0.5 T, and the yoke is made of high-frequency steel with an induction of 1.2-2 T, has a new property, which consists in obtaining short and powerful pulses of high voltage and powerful shock Corollary magnetic field pulses in the pipe string, which allows to realize the method described above with the increased intensity of wave impacts.

A device in which the sections of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer contain cut-off diodes connected to them, implement a batch mode method in such a way that these diodes cut off the part that is opposite to the first half-wave of high-voltage pulses and thereby create a new property - the energy pumping of one magnetic pulse field total effect of all high voltage pulses in the package.

A device for implementing the method in which a multicore cable is made of insulated wires installed in cross-section in a circle at an equal distance from the center and having uniform spatial twisting around the cable axis, provides a new property - the creation of a steep ("shock") front of the pulse current. A device for implementing the method in which the inductors are made in the form of one or more turns of pipes located along the column provides another new property, which consists in the coordinated and symmetrical operation of the inductors with other parts of the induction cable system for acting on the column.

The development of this device for enhancing shock-wave vibrations in the deep part of the well and in the bottomhole formation zone is a device for implementing the method, which comprises an inductor of several turns of wire located on the shank of the well pump along its pipe part, the inductor being still closed by an outer pipe having a longitudinal corrugated surface.

A device for implementing the method in which the inductors are made using a multicore cable so that when this cable is located on the surface of the pipe string in the form of a loop of one turn along the string adhered to the body of the pipe, and the turns of the inductor are formed by pairwise connecting the cores on both sides of the loop , except for one core on one side and one core on the other side of the loop so that they form a multi-turn design with turns adjacent to the surface of the pipes along the column, it has a technological advantage, which consists in the sharpness and speed of its installation when lowering the pipe string into the well.

A brief description of the drawings.

In FIG. 1 - shows a diagram of a device for implementing the method.

In FIG. 2 - shows a diagram of a device for implementing the method with an inductor for intensifying the influx of oil from the reservoir, placed on the pipe string, in the zone of intense oil degassing.

In FIG. 3 - shows a diagram of the implementation of the method with an inductor for intensifying the influx of oil from the reservoir, in the area in front of the pump for oil production.

In FIG. 4 - explains the principle of operation of the device for implementing the method.

In FIG. 5 - shows the design of the cable included in the device with which the method is implemented.

In FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating the principle of operation of the inductors, respectively, with a longitudinal field and a transverse field.

In FIG. 8 - shows an electrical equivalent circuit of a device for implementing the method.

The implementation of the invention

In the claimed invention, regarding a method for intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, in which electric energy is transmitted in the form of high voltage pulses with a high frequency of their following along the cable transmission line and the pipe string of the well and using them to pump a pulse current and, accordingly, the energy of the pulsed magnetic field in the induction circuits formed by the cores of the induction cable and (or) inductor, through which They induce heating and electrodynamic vibration on the pipe string, while the following new operations are introduced:

- the transmission of pulses to the depth of the wells is carried out in parallel channels of at least two, for which a cable is used that has at least three conductors for transmitting pulsed energy, and induction is applied to the pipe string of the well or residential cable in each energy transmission channel, or using an inductor fed from this power transmission channel,

- the effect of using each channel of energy transfer is carried out in a separate section, by shorting the cable cores in the channel of energy transfer to the pipe string of the well and (or) to the inductor acting on the metal pipe pipe in this section,

- the sections are distributed along the pipe string of the well, based on technological requirements, the need to intensify the effects in these zones of the wells and at the same time, reduce the duration of the pulse current in all channels of energy transfer, by increasing the number of sections, aligning the parameters of the induction circuits formed by these sections, synchronizing and alignment of high voltage pulses in energy transmission channels.

As a result, intensification of acoustic high-frequency and shock-vibration microwave effects in the entire volume of the well is carried out, due to which it is enhanced by this volume and in addition to the fact that this complex effect, acting on adhesive, cohesive and frictional forces, increases the fluidity of the oil in the well elevator, it uses a casing string as a guiding structure for emitting a powerful stream of high-frequency wave energy into the near-wellbore zone of the formation (PZP), and deeply penetrating vibrating microwave radiation and deep s formation.

Thermal action, in addition to its direct effect on the viscosity of oil and the melting of deposits, interacts with the wave action in such a way that it reduces the resistance to the wave flow of energy inside the well and its radiation from the vibrating and heated surface of the pipe metal.

As a result, the efficiency of the method for intensifying production and elimination and prevention of deposits sharply and repeatedly increases:

for idle due to the need for resuscitation, restoration of circulation of wells, increases the percentage of wells in which the method is successful;

for existing wells - there is an increase in flow rate, a decrease in the water cut of the produced oil, an improvement in the hydrodynamic mode of operation: a decrease in the rod loads, a decrease in the energy consumption of pumps, etc.

In this case, the fact is used that the excitation of wave energy in the entire volume of the well is more effective when the sources of influence are not distributed continuously over the entire depth, but discretely - continuously, i.e. when the impact is carried out in areas distributed throughout the depth of the well, since in these areas the pulse power and, accordingly, the wave energy intensity can be increased many times.

In this regard, the pipe string before being lowered into the well is divided into sections where the most intense impacts are most needed (for example, in places where paraffins accumulate (Fig. 1).

If necessary, to ensure intensive oil degassing in the initial section of the well lift, an inductor 16 is installed in the last section (Fig. 2).

If it is necessary to intensify the flow of oil into the well, the inductor 16 is installed on the liner of the pump 17, so that when the pipe string is lowered, the inductor 16 covers the entire perforation section 18 in the casing of the well 15 in the near-wellbore zone of the formation (FIG). 3).

The length of the sections and the parameters of the inductors 16, on which the electric power characteristics of the pulse currents depend, are determined in advance based on technological requirements, and the parameters of the inductors 16 are determined by preliminary experiments on a prototype made up of 3-4 pipes. Such work can be done once and use the results later. If necessary, change the length of the inductors in different wells, the parameters of the latter are recounted so that the product of the length of the inductor by the square of the number of turns of the inductor is maintained.

To create a complex effect consisting of: thermal, high-frequency acoustic and low-frequency shock-wave microwave effects distributed throughout the well volume and amplified by volume resonance, capacitive energy storage devices 11 and 12 are used, which discharge through a pulse transformer 1 to a cable line 2 containing three or more conductive conductors 3-6, connected in alternating order using holders - protectors of standard design 7 to the metal of the pipe string 14 and to the secondary winding of the pulse trans formator 1, which is made two-section (in Fig. 1 - sections 8 and 9).

In FIG. 1 shows a diagram of a device with two sections of a pipe string 14 and a line with a four-core 3-6 cable 2.

The first section, which forms the first induction current loop, inside which a pulsed magnetic field is created, is formed by the cores 3 and 4 of cable 2, the metal conductor of the pipe 14 of section I, the secondary section of the pulse transformer 1 1. The second section, which forms the second induction current loop, is formed by cores 5 and 6 of cable 2, metal conductor of the pipe string 14 of section II, secondary winding section 9 of the pulse transformer 1.

In FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the second induction current loop is formed by cores 5 and 6 of the cable, a section of the secondary winding 9 of the pulse transformer 1 and the inductor 16.

To create both high-frequency acoustic and low-frequency vibroexposure due to electrodynamic forces, the pulse current rise rate is important, depending on the value of the pulse voltage and inductance of the induction current circuit and forming the force of the magnetic field pressure on the metal when it penetrates deep into the metal and the decay rate, during which a reverse force is formed due to the pressure of the magnetic field inside the metal when it is withdrawn from the metal. With a decrease in the equivalent inductance in the load of the high-voltage pulse generator due to breaking it into several induction circuits and their parallel switching on, it increases both the rate of rise of the pulse current and its rate of decline, which forms the reverse force on the metal, since the magnetic field pressure forces (equal to the gradient the energy of this field on the metal surface), arise when the field penetrates into the metal and when it is removed from the metal. The reverse force is combined with the elastic force of the metal and can also be significant. The recharge of the capacitance through the residual inductance and the formation of the reverse voltage on the cable line, increases the speed of the interruption of the pulse current in the wires of the cable and increases the reverse force. The alternation of the forward and backward pressure half-waves on the surface of the metal of the pipe string generates intense oscillations of this surface and the emission of wave energy into the well volume.

Thus, the implementation of the method in which the transmission of pulses to the depth of the wells is carried out via parallel channels of at least two, for which a cable is used that has at least three cores for transmitting pulsed energy, and induction is applied to the pipe string or residential cable in each transmission channel energy or using an inductor fed from this channel of energy transfer, and the effect of using each channel of energy transfer is carried out in a separate area by closing the cable cores in the channel of energy transfer to the pipe string and (or) to the inductor acting on the metal of the pipe string in this section, and the sections are distributed along the pipe string based on technological requirements, the need to intensify the effects in these wells zone and at the same time reduce the pulse current duration in all channels energy transfer, by increasing the number of sections, aligning the parameters of the induction circuits formed by these sections, synchronizing and aligning high voltage pulses in the transmission channels energy, allows you to get the super-effect of the method of intensification of effects from the amplification of electrodynamic forces from the interaction of two interdependent factors:

- an increase in the rate of rise of the pulse current from a decrease in the inductance of the induction current loop is plus with an increase in the rate of rise of the pulse current from a disproportionate increase in voltage in the high voltage pulse from a decrease in the duration of the pulse current.

Thus, the super-cumulative effect of increasing the intensity distributed over the entire volume of the well, high-frequency acoustic exposure is formed.

This is also facilitated by the fact that induction circuits, as can be seen from the equivalent circuit in FIG. 8 are connected to the discharge circuit in parallel, therefore, the duration of the current pulse in all circuits will decrease, and when equalizing the parameters of the induction circuits — the lengths of the sections of the number, turns of the inductors, as well as changes in the transformation coefficients of the sections of the secondary winding, the decrease in duration will be minimal and proportional to the square root of outlines

Another new effect of this method is to increase its intensity by optimizing the location of areas with the maximum intensity of impacts in the zones of the well, where it is required - in areas of intense paraffin formations, in the area of deposits of colding substances (in the PPP), in the area of the pump suspension, in the degassing zone oil and hydrate formation, etc. (Fig. 1 and Fig. 3).

At the same time, the inductance of the induction current loops also includes the inductance of the cores of cable 2, in that part of cable 2, which are only transmitting and their magnetic field is purely parasitic in this part - they do not participate in the creation of induction heating and vibration. Therefore, the development of a method in which this parasitic field sharply decreases is a method in which energy transfer is organized so that the pulsed current in the adjacent cable cores closest to each other flows at a given time in the opposite direction and thereby demagnetizes each other. If, at the same time, the pulse currents are maximally equalized in duration in the formed induction circuits and, accordingly, in the cable conductors as indicated above, then this field - as the field of a large number of counter-oscillators, can be reduced to almost zero with a sufficiently large number of them.

Generally speaking, reducing the inductance of an energy transmission line by splitting wires is known. However, the application of this technique, together with measures to equalize the current in the energy transfer channels by changing the parameters of the induction circuits, determines the supertotal effect, which consists in a sharp nonlinear amplification of the pulse current in these induction circuits, and hence the intensity of their induction action. The non-linear effect is explained by the fact that its new features non-linearly correlate with the main features in such a way that they act in concert with them and in one direction - an increase in the number of circuits, at the same time reduces the duration of the pulse currents and reduces the stray inductance, which further reduces the duration of the pulse currents, alignment currents in the circuits and, accordingly, in the cable conductors reduces the duration of the pulse currents and at the same time reduces the stray inductance, which also reduces the duration pulsed currents. This effect is especially significant, since the stray inductance of a conventional cable, which serves only to transfer energy to comparable distances, can be comparable with the inductance of induction circuits or even exceed it for deep wells.

Reducing the duration of the pulse currents makes it possible to increase the density of the transmitted energy by increasing the repetition rate of high voltage pulses, so much so that this is excessive in terms of the thermal (thermal) effect. The installed power of the installation for generating these pulses is also excessive. At the same time, the current pulse repetition rate is significant, as it is the frequency of the sound (acoustic) impact, which is the technological parameter of the method.

The optimal variant of the method is a method in which high voltage pulses are formed into packets with an optimal repetition rate in a packet, and therefore with an optimal frequency of acoustic exposure, and the transmitted average (thermal) power, and therefore the installed capacity of the device for implementing the method, is established from the condition duty cycle packages. At the same time, a new effect is manifested — an increase in the intensity of the low-frequency shock-wave microwave impact distributed throughout the well’s volume due to the fact that these packets, unlike prototype 2, act on the entire pipe string, which has the ability to generate resonant vibrations, which when setting the repetition rate packets under the frequency of the mechanical resonance of the pipe string and leads to this new effect.

The shock-wave action using sources (generators) distributed and coordinated over the volume of the tube, which is also a resonant amplifier of low-frequency wave effects and a guiding waveguide structure, have no analogues in such a combination or in such an integration of energy functions.

To enhance the resonant properties, the distribution of areas with intense electrodynamic action along the pipe string plays a role, which can be determined by calculation or experimentally.

The method in which the burst mode is used in such a way that the excitation of one pulse of the pulse current and, accordingly, the energy pumped in one pulse of the magnetic field in the induction circuits is carried out using two or more unipolar high voltage pulses in one packet, allows in this case to get an additional effect amplification of the shock-microwave action itself, since the excitation of the current pulse is carried out even shorter and therefore even more powerful high voltage pulses. The front of the current pulse will have a stepped shape with steep rises and short gentle gaps. The electrodynamic force, which, as mentioned earlier, is proportional to the rate of rise of the current, which means that the steepness of the rise at each step, has a pulsating character with a high repetition rate of voltage pulses, and given the inertia of the mass of the metal of the pipe string, it is perceived as one force pulse in which all the energy is invested package in accordance with the law of conservation of energy - momentum.

A device for implementing the method differs from the prototype in the first place in the design of a multicore cable 2 (Fig. 5), the connection diagram of 4 wires 3, 4, 5, 6 of cable 2 to the pipe string 14 and to the inductor 16, and the design of the pulse transformer 1 ( Fig. 4), ensuring the implementation of the method with intense acoustic and vibrovon exposure in the entire volume of wells and its amplification in critical sections of the well.

Moreover, the main feature of the device for implementing the method is that the pulse transformer 1 is made of two rods 19, on which the windings 8, 9, 10 of the pulse transformer 1 are located and contains, closing them, two yokes 20 and, in which a closed magnetic circuit is formed, made of two grades of magnetic material - rods 19, on which the windings 22 are placed, made of ferrite with a saturation induction of 0.25-0.5 T, and yoke 20 - of high-frequency steel with an induction of 1.2-2 T, during operation .

This design reduces the duration of the high voltage pulses while maintaining the magnetic coupling between the windings of the pulse transformer 1, which provides powerful pumping of the pulse current.

To distribute the wave action over the well volume, the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 1 is made of 2 sections - 8 and 9, the transmitting induction cable 2 has at least three wires, in which the wires are alternately connected to sections 8 and 9 of the secondary winding, these conductors from the other end of the cable are also closed in alternating order to the pipe string 14 in the well or to inductors 16 located in series with the connection sections of the conductors so that they form an induction current loop for an induction distributed along the length of the impact on the metal of the pipe string of the well.

The device operates as follows. When discharging capacitive drives 11 and 12, charged from a current source 13, to the primary winding 10 of a pulse transformer 1, a pulsed current is generated in the induction current loops and in sections of the secondary winding 8 and 9 under the action of a high voltage pulse. The duration of the high voltage pulse on the secondary winding of the pulse transformer 1 is determined in order of magnitude by the predominantly equivalent inductance of the induction circuit, including the magnetizing inductance of the pulse transformer 1 and the secondary inductance included according to the equivalent circuit in FIG. 8, in parallel (obtaining an electrical equivalent circuit will be described below). And the duration of the current pulse in the secondary circuit of the pulse transformer 1 is determined mainly by the inductance of the secondary circuit. With a large value of the magnetization inductance, the duration of the voltage pulse and the current pulse coincide. Such a process, for example, is implemented in close analogue 1.

In the prototype 2, the high voltage pulses are shortened by cutting off their rear part by saturating the transformer magnetic circuit, with the loss of communication between the primary and secondary windings of the pulse transformer, and as a result, the transmitted for pumping is reduced.

In our case, the device implements the method in such a way that only a narrow zone is saturated in the joint zone of the parts of the magnetic circuit of the pulse transformer 1 with different magnetic permeabilities, which is equivalent to the appearance of a parametric gap, which eliminates the saturation of the entire magnetic circuit of the pulse transformer 1, which allows you to get a shortened voltage pulse generating a pulsed magnetic field with higher energy. For the transmission of pulsed energy at a distance, the duration of the high voltage pulse is important - with shorter pulses, as established in prototype 2, it is possible to transmit higher power, as well as by increasing the voltage of the pulses, due to the increased electrical resistance of the insulation to short pulses, and increasing the pulse repetition rate.

It should also be noted that the principle of the formation of short high-voltage pulses by cutting them off, by the saturating magnetic circuit of the pulse transformer, as in the device of prototype 2, is absolutely not suitable for the effective implementation of the method. The generation of voltage pulses by such a device will not provide energy pumping into the induction current loop, since at the stage of pulse decay, the connection between the primary and secondary windings of the pulse transformer is lost and there will be a mismatch between the sections of the secondary winding and there will be energy flows between the sections, which in turn lead to current irregularities in the cores of cable 2. At the same time, reducing the duration of voltage pulses using the properties of a pulse transformer 1 is a requirement of the method according to which The excitation of pulsed currents is carried out using shorter than the pulsed current of high voltage pulses with the highest possible efficiency of creating shock electrodynamic effects. A new property of such a device is the receipt of short and powerful pulses of high voltage and powerful shock effects of magnetic field pulses on the pipe string 14, which allows to implement the method described above with an increased intensity of wave effects.

This is due to the following. When the induction is close to the saturation induction of the ferrite magnetic core of the rods 19, its magnetic permeability becomes less than the magnetic permeability of the steel magnetic core of yoke 20 and the field, in the area adjacent to the ferrite core 19 to the steel core of the magnetic core of yoke 20 is determined by the sum of the reaction field of the ferrite core Ф _fer and field the reaction of the steel yoke f _Art. . Due to the fact that they are summed in the contact zone, the induction of the field B in this zone will become larger than in the rest of the ferrite rod 19 and will exceed the saturation induction In _us (see Fig. 4). This will cause saturation of the ferrite rod 19 in this adjacent zone, which is equivalent to the introduction of a gap (in Fig. 4 is a shaded zone 21), which prevents saturation of the ferrite rod 19 and maintains the magnetic coupling of the windings. At the same time, maintaining such a parametric gap will lead to a significant decrease in the inductance of the pulse transformer 1, which in turn will lead to a fast discharge of capacitive energy storage devices 11 and 12, and their subsequent recharging to a certain residual energy value. During the discharge and recharging of capacitive drives 11 and 12, energy will be accumulated in the gap of the pulse transformer 1, which will be transferred to the secondary circuit (so the magnetic coupling between the primary and secondary windings is maintained during the entire recharging process). As a result, a short high-voltage pulse will be formed at the output with the complete transfer of energy to the energy of the pulse current in the induction circuits.

A device that uses unipolar pulses, for which the sections of the secondary windings 8 and 9 of the pulse transformer 1 (Fig. 1), contain cut-off diodes connected to them, characterized in that they implement a method with a batch mode so that these diodes provide pumping energy of one magnetic field pulse by the total effect of all high voltage pulses in the packet.

This new property - pumping more energy in a short magnetic field pulse with even shorter and, as a result, more powerful high voltage pulses is provided by a cutoff of the back half-wave in them.

The efficiency of the device for implementing the above method is also ensured by the fact that the multicore cable 2 is made of insulated wires installed in cross section in a circle at an equal distance from the center and having a uniform spatial twist around the axis of the cable 2 (Fig. 5). The cores of this cable 2 relative to the field induced by currents in the pipe string 14 have absolute spatial symmetry, which further contributes to the equalization of current in the cores of cable 2.

The effect is known when, when a voltage pulse with a steep leading edge enters a cable from many conductors, the surface effect manifests itself in such a way that the current fills the entire cable cross section in a finite time, i.e. each conductor in the wire “turns on” for some finite time, depending on the location of the conductor in the group (in the cross section of the wire). The mechanism here is the same as when filling a massive wire with current. You can also evaluate the effect of the skin effect with such a value as the time of filling the thickness of the conductor with current. So, according to the article in zompro.ru> index ... uravnivanie-potentsialov ... svojstva "High-frequency properties of equipotential conductors ”, Author: Dmitry Terentyev, technical director of COMMENG, information is given that when exposed to a voltage pulse, a round copper single-core wire with a cross section of 16 square meters. mm is filled with current for a time of the order of 1.5 μS. A steel conductor of the same cross section (with a relative magnetic permeability of 1000) for 25 μS.

Since the cross-section of the conductors in the resonant circuit circuit formed by the connecting wires and the primary winding 10 of the pulse transformer 1 is 200-300 mm * 2 (for pulse currents of 1500-2000 A), the current filling time of such copper conductors is 8-10 μS, comparable with a cross section of a solid wire (from an infinitely large number of conductors) it is filled with current from a rectangular pulse for 2.5 μs. If, in the cable section, the conductors were at different distances from the center, then they would be filled with current (switched on) with a time delay from the periphery to the center, i.e. first external conductors, then internal. The equal distance of all conductors from the center creates the conditions for simultaneously filling all conductors with current and simultaneously including them in the pulse transmission. However, the above reasoning is valid for a single cable located near metal bodies, it includes a proximity effect mechanism that acts in a pulsed mode so that the conductors closest to the metal acted by a pulsed magnetic field are filled with current, then the others with a time delay conductors. Twisting around the axis of the cable to the axis of symmetrically located conductors equalizes their conditions with respect to the location to the metal and thereby eliminates the proximity effect. Elimination of the surface effect and the proximity effect eliminates the “smearing” of the pulse in time during transmission by cable and retains its short duration and increases the steepness of its front (shock) front.

The design of the device with the above structural methods provides the requirement for equalizing the currents in the cable veins of the method for intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, and helps to increase the efficiency of this method by increasing the intensity in the entire volume of wells of complex - thermal acoustic and shock-vibration microwave effects .

The most optimal design of the device for implementing the method is the design of the inductor 16 with a field transverse to the axis of the pipe string, i.e. the design of the inductor made of turns of wire laid in the form of a loop adjacent to the surface of the pipe along the longitudinal axis of the pipe string (Fig. 2 and Fig. 3).

Such a design, the need of which is caused by the technological need in a certain area, to increase the concentration of mainly thermal action and in some part of the acoustic high-frequency and shock-microwave effects, makes it easy to align in parameters with other induction circuits by changing the number of turns of the inductor. It should be noted that the standard design of the inductor in the form of a cylindrical coil on the pipe does not allow this for the following reasons.

As noted above, the alignment of the induction circuits must be carried out according to the inductive resistance of the induction current loop, since this parameter is an order of magnitude higher than the active component of the complex resistance of the induction loop. In FIG. 6a and FIG. 6b shows the distribution of magnetic fluxes for a cylindrical inductor and the corresponding magnetic equivalent circuit constructed according to the generally accepted method for calculating inductors [Sluhotsky A.E., Ryskin S.E. Inductors for induction heating. L. "Energy", 1974] by dividing this scheme into sections whose magnetic resistances can be calculated under certain assumptions. In accordance with the duality principle, the obtained magnetic circuit corresponds to an electrical equivalent circuit - with the replacement of magnetic resistances Z _M by electric Z _Э such that parallel connections of magnetic resistances Z _{M are} converted into serial connections of electrical resistances Z _Э and vice versa, serial connections Z _{M are} converted into parallel compounds Z _e . When this is true and converting Z _{E ~} 1 / Z _M (sign "~" - means proportionality, the sign _"*" denotes complex conjugation, the proportionality factor in this formula for sinusoidal signals is the circular frequency of this ratio for the pulse signal will be. a series made up of circular frequencies of harmonics into which the pulse signal is decomposed, which does not play a role for our reasoning.)

This formula is valid for one coil of the inductor, therefore, the equivalent circuit parameters are given to one coil of the inductor.

Parameters of a cylindrical inductor for long inductors (when the length, for example, is 1 or more times larger than the diameter, according to the standard calculation procedure (see, for example, Sukhotsky A.E., Ryskin S.E. Inductors for induction heating. L. "Energy", 1974) is determined by the inductive resistance of the magnetic flux on the path of the reverse circuit in the gap between the outer diameter of the inductor and the inner diameter of the casing. On the electrical equivalent circuit (Fig. 8), this parameter is indicated by X _0. Magnetic flux closing along the tubing and on the reverse path casing short circuit, it is demagnetized by the eddy currents of the casing and determines the complex resistance Z _{0 0} , the magnetic resistance to magnetic flux in the tubing, demagnetized by the eddy currents in the tubing - Z 2 _2. The scattering resistance X _S is determined by the magnetic flux in the gap between the inductor and the tubing. neglect the inductor wire itself.

We choose some characteristic dimensions that determine the dimensions; L is the length of the inductor, D is the average diameter between the outer diameter of the tubing and the inner diameter of the casing.

The resistance X ₀ (inversely proportional to the magnetic resistance R ₀ ) in terms of one turn is proportional to the cross-sectional area of the air gap between the inductor and the casing (approximately equal to h ₁ * D, where is the height of the gap, is the average diameter between the diameter of the inductor and diameter of the casing string) and is inversely proportional to the length of the path of the magnetic circuit reverse circuit, i.e. the length of the inductor L or the length of the area covered by the inductor. Accordingly, X _{S is} proportional to the cross-sectional area h ₂ * K _N * D (h ₂ is the gap, K _N is the coefficient of reduction of the diameter D to the average gap) and is inversely proportional to the length of the inductor L. The complex electric resistance to eddy currents, according to the calculation method, is recalculated using certain coefficients for the conditional resistance to direct current flowing within the penetration depth, which is inversely proportional to the cross-sectional area of the current flow L * d (d is the current penetration depth) and is directly proportional to the length of the current odnika - to the outer diameter of the tubing circumference, to the circumference of the casing inner diameter. Both last parameters are proportional to D, the first with a coefficient less than one, the second more than one. Thus, we deduced that all the parameters of the equivalent circuit (see Fig. 6) for a cylindrical inductor with some coefficients are proportional to the ratio D / L.

Further, it is better to make a relative comparison with the transverse inductor. Similar to the previous one, we construct a magnetic equivalent circuit by highlighting the areas in which magnetic or corresponding electrical parameters can be calculated. If magnetic fluxes and magnetic resistances, as shown in FIG. 7 and denote the magnetic resistances for magnetic flux through the tubing and casing, for flows in the gap between the inductor and the casing and in the gap between the inductor and tubing with the same letters, we obtain equivalent circuits identical to those of FIG. 6. It is easy to see that for the selected parameters for the inductor with the longitudinal field and for the inductor with the transverse field, a certain principle of inverse duality is observed. In the first case, magnetic fluxes are closed in the longitudinal direction at a distance proportional to L and through a section whose area is proportional to D, and, conversely, in the second case, the fluxes are closed through a section whose area is proportional to L. And pass along a path whose length is proportional to D If we apply the reasoning that was used for an inductor with a longitudinal field, then for the transverse field we get that all the parameters of the electric circuit as applied to the inductor with a transverse field with some correction factors ntami are proportional to the ratio L / D, i.e. proportional to the inverse ratio for the longitudinal inductor, and the correction factors associated with the geometric parameters of the eddy currents are larger in magnitude than in the inductor with a longitudinal field. This is due to the fact that the eddy currents in the transverse-field inductor do not fill the entire pipe surface, but are pulled together to the location of the turns of the loop-shaped inductor (see Fig. 7), increasing not only the eddy current resistance, but also the scattering resistance by reducing the lengths of the power field lines and, accordingly, a decrease in magnetic resistance (between these parameters, as indicated above, a mutually inverse relationship). Thus, the transverse field inductor for the section where L is greater than D has all the values of the parameters of the electrical equivalent circuit at least (L / D) ² times more than the values of the parameters of the equivalent circuit of the inductor with a longitudinal field. This means that the equivalent inductive resistance of the inductors also corresponds to this ratio. Thus, in order for the compared inductors to have the same equivalent inductance, the longitudinal field inductor must have L / D turns more times than the longitudinal field inductor.

Suppose, according to the conditions of coordination with the connection section of two cores, 1,500 m. (From the mouth to the pump suspension, on a 15-meter section of the liner located on a horizontal section of the well in the formation zone, you need to have 10 turns of a transverse inductor connected to two other cable cores. Then, a longitudinal inductor if it is used instead, it must contain 1000 turns, which will make its design unacceptable in size and that will not even fit into the size of the well. Moreover, the transverse field inductor itself will have equivalent parameters s single turn structure for 1500 m (because the inductance of the inductors have the same structure and similar proportional to the square of the number of turns).

Such a design is most demanded to enhance thermal and shock vibro-microwave action in the deep part of the well adjacent to the formation zone, for which a transverse inductor of several turns of wire located on the shank of the well pump along its pipe part, and in which the effect is enhanced by the use of a protective pipe dressed on top of the inductor moreover, this pipe has a longitudinally corrugated surface. The magnetic field of such an inductor, sandwiched between two magnetic metal surfaces, has large energy gradients on these surfaces and, therefore, creates large momenta of force.

The corrugated surface is a good transmitter of these force pulses to the borehole medium, as well as a good heat exchanger. A new effect of this design is the direct creation of pressure waves in the borehole fluid itself with an extra-total intensity of the microwave action from two pipes.

It is most simple to realize such an inductor during preparatory work, immediately before the pipe string is lowered into the well, using a multicore cable so that when this cable is placed on the surface of the pipe string in the form of a loop of one turn along the longitudinal axis of the column attached to the pipe body using special devices - protectors and when the conductors are paired on two sides of the loop, in addition to one core on one side and one core on the other side of the loop, a multi-turn design with coils adjacent to pipe surfaces along the column.

Claims (12)

1. A method of intensifying oil production, eliminating and preventing deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, in which electric energy is transmitted to the depth of the well, in the form of high voltage pulses with a high repetition rate, through the cable and pipe string of the well obtained by discharging capacitive storage rings through a pulse transformer on the cable conductors, and use them to excite a pulsed current and, accordingly, pump the energy of a pulsed magnetic field in the induction circuits formed by cable sludge, pipe string and (or) inductor, through which induction heating and electrodynamic vibration action on the pipe string are carried out, and they generate a pulsed current in induction circuits, shorter than high-voltage pulses compared to the duration of the pulsed current, and at the same time by reducing the pulse duration high voltage increase the power and distance of energy transfer by increasing the energy in the high voltage pulse itself and increase their repetition rate, due to t compression of high voltage pulses into low-frequency energy packets without loss of transmitted power to obtain a low-frequency shock-wave microwave effect, characterized in that the transmission of pulses to the depth of the wells is carried out through parallel channels of at least two, for which a cable is used that has at least three cores, and carry out induction on the pipe string or residential cable in each channel of energy transfer or using an inductor that receives energy from this channel energy transfer, and the impact, with the help of each energy transmission channel, is carried out in a separate section by closing the cable cores in the energy transmission channel to the pipe string and / or to the inductor acting on the metal of the pipe in this section, and the sections are distributed over the pipe string technological requirements of the need to intensify the impacts in these wells, at the same time reduce the duration of the pulse current in all channels of energy transfer, by increasing the number of sections, alignment parameters of the induction circuits formed by these sections, synchronization and alignment of high voltage pulses in the energy transfer channels. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the pulse currents in the induction circuits and, accordingly, the energy transfer channels are aligned as much as possible by selecting the transformation coefficient of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer supplying the energy transfer channel, the number of turns of the inductors and using the nonlinear properties of the magnetic circuit pulse transformer, to equalize their duration. 3. The method according to PP. 1-2, characterized in that they organize the transfer of energy so that the pulsed current in the adjacent most closely located cable cores flowed at the same time in the opposite direction. 4. The method according to PP. 1-3, characterized in that they use a batch mode of energy transfer so that the repetition rate of the packets is adjusted to the frequency of the mechanical resonance of the pipe string. 5. The method according to p. 4, characterized in that the burst mode is used in such a way that the excitation of one pulse of the pulse current and, accordingly, the energy pumped in one pulse of the magnetic field in the induction circuits, is carried out using two or more unipolar high voltage pulses in one package . 6. A device for intensifying oil production for elimination and prevention of deposits in oil and gas producing and injection wells, containing a capacitive energy storage device, a pulse transformer having a primary and secondary winding, a transmission and induction cable, an inductor, characterized in that the secondary winding of the pulse transformer is made sectional, transmitting induction the cable has at least three cores in which the cores are alternately connected to the secondary winding sections, while these cores are on the other end Abel closed in alternating order on the drill string in the borehole or inductors arranged in series with connecting portions of cable cores so that they form inductive circuit induction effect on metal tubing string of the well. 7. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the pulse transformer is made of a two-core one, on which the windings of the pulse transformer are located, and contains the yokes closing them, and in which the formed closed magnetic circuit is made of two grades of magnetic material - rods on which the windings are placed are made of ferrite with a saturation induction of 0.25-0.5 T, and the yoke is made of high-frequency steel with an induction of 1.2-2 T. 8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the sections of the secondary winding of the pulse transformer contain cut-off diodes connected to them. 9. The device according to paragraphs. 6-7, characterized in that the multicore cable is made of insulated wires installed in cross section in a circle at an equal distance from the center and having a uniform spatial twist around the axis of the cable. 10. The device according to p. 6, characterized in that the inductors are made in the form of one or more turns located along the pipe string. 11. The device according to p. 7, characterized in that to enhance the shock-wave effect in the deep part of the well and in the bottomhole zone, it contains an inductor of several turns of wire located on the shank of the downhole pump along its pipe part, and the inductor is still closed by the outer pipe. 12. The device according to paragraphs. 7-8, characterized in that the inductors are made using a multicore cable, so that when this cable is located on the surface of the pipe string in the form of a loop of one turn along the column attached to the pipe body, the turns of the inductor are formed by pairwise connecting the cores on both sides loops except one core on one side and one core on the other side of the loop, so that they form a multi-turn structure, with turns adjacent to the surface of the pipes along the column.

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