RU2711958C1 - Production line of animal feedstuffs for aquaculture - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: fishing and fish farming.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to feedstuff industry and can be used in production lines of feedstuff for valuable fish species, shrimps etc. Line contains hoppers for storage of legumes, bins for storage of wastes of fat-and-oil industry, bins for storage of protein products, bins for storage of vegetable oil, bins for storage of fish oil, bins for storage of a small fraction of a combined feed, bins for storage of mineral raw material, bins for storage of therapeutic preparations with rotary batchers installed in their lower part. Line also comprises a crusher, a separator, a mixer, a stewing machine, an extruder, a drier, a device for vacuum spraying of oil and fat components with nozzles, a cooler, a container for mixing fat-and-oil components, equipped with a blade mixer, a cyclone-discharger, a granulator for creation of granulated medical and preventive feedstuffs from the main fodder raw material, with application of mineral raw material and medical preparations, a packing automatic device, a fan, a pump, a calorifier. Line operates in closed cycle of steam recirculation, where steam is heated by superheater and moved by pump.EFFECT: invention usage allows to expand range of produced feedstuffs of specified feed capacity adapted for aquaculture, as well as to increase efficiency of feedstuffs by controlling its physical and mechanical properties.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the feed industry and can be used in feed production lines for valuable fish, shrimp, etc.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved effect is the production line of full-extruded extruded animal feed [Pat. No. 2238171 of the Russian Federation, IPC ⁵¹ A23N 17/00, No. 2006145128/13; Declared December 18, 2006; Publ. 07/10/2008; Bull. No. 19], including a rotary dispenser, an extruder, an extruder with an additional oil separating nozzle, a cake press, a pellet mill, a tank for stabilizing the fat mixture, an apparatus for applying stabilized vegetable oil with nozzles, a panning drum, and a packaging machine.

A disadvantage of the known line is the restriction of the processed product by the amount of fat and the regulation of the density of the feed, short shelf life, and a narrow range of products.

An object of the invention is to increase the technological capabilities of the line for the production of animal feed for aquaculture of a given nutritional value, expanding the range of manufactured animal feed with controlled physicochemical properties, i.e. obtaining a finished product enriched with fats, vitamins, medical preparations adapted for various types of aquaculture, as well as due to the use of vacuum spraying, there is a decrease in crushing of feed pellets; the level of penetration of liquid components increases, which allows the use of small doses of ingredients, the use of liquid and powder ingredients; there is the possibility of multiple spraying of various components; the surface of the feed remains dry.

The object of the invention is achieved by the fact that the proposed production line of feed for aquaculture, characterized in that it has installed in the technological sequence and equipped with rotary batchers (5) bins (1) for storing leguminous raw materials, two bins (2 and 15) for storage oil and fat industry waste, two bins (3 and 4) for storing protein products, bins (16) for storing vegetable oil, bins (17) for storing fish oil, bins (20) for storing small fractions of feeds, silos (21) for storing mineral raw materials and silos (22) for storing medicines (22), and after the batchers working on silos (1, 2, 3, 4), a crusher (6), a separator (7) are installed in the line , a mixer (8), a steamer (9) and an extruder (10), and the line also has a dryer (11), an apparatus (12) for vacuum spraying of oil and fat components with nozzles (13), a cooler (14), a container (18) for mixing oil and fat components, equipped with a paddle mixer, a granulator (23), designed to create granular treatment and prophylactic combs feed from the main feed raw materials using mineral raw materials and medical preparations, a packaging machine (24, 25), a fan (26), a pump (27) and an air heater (28), while after the dryer (11) the machine is installed in the line ( 12) vacuum spraying of oil and fat components with nozzles (13) for applying oil and fat components from hoppers (15, 16, 17) mixed into a container (18) in communication with a cooler (14) designed to cool the extruded and processed oil; fatty components of the product with subsequent By directing it to the filling and packaging apparatus (25), in addition, for processing the fine fraction of the feed left after drying, the line has a cyclone unloader (19) connected to the dryer (11), bins (20) and a granulator (23) with bunkers (21 and 22), into which oil and fat components are fed from the tank (18) for granulating the components and receiving the finished feed sent to the filling and packaging machine (24), while the line operates in a closed steam recirculation cycle, where steam heated with a superheater and ne emeschaetsya pump.

In FIG. 1 shows a feed production line for aquaculture.

The feed production line for aquaculture (Fig. 1) has bins (1) installed in the technological sequence and equipped with rotary batchers (5) for storing leguminous raw materials, two bins (2 and 15) for storing waste oil and fat industry, two bins (3 and 4 ) for the storage of protein products, bins (16) for storing vegetable oil, bins (17) for storing fish oil, bins (20) for storing a small fraction of feed, bins (21) for storing mineral raw materials and bunkers (22) for storing medical preparations (22), p why, after dispensers working on bunkers (1, 2, 3, 4), a crusher (6), a separator (7), a mixer (8), a steamer (9) and an extruder (10) are installed in the line, and the line has a dryer (11 ), an apparatus (12) for vacuum spraying oil and fat components with nozzles (13), a cooler (14), a container (18) for mixing oil and fat components, equipped with a paddle mixer, a granulator (23), designed to create granular therapeutic and preventive feed from the main feed raw materials using mineral raw materials and medical preparations, packaging a packing machine (24, 25), a fan (26), a pump (27) and a heater (28), and after the dryer (11), the apparatus (12) for vacuum spraying of oil and fat components with nozzles (13) for applying on the extruded product of oil and fat components from bins (15, 16, 17) mixed in a container (18) in communication with a cooler (14) designed to cool the extruded and processed with oil-fat components of the product and then send it to the filling and packaging machine ( 25), in addition to the processing of small fractions com of the feed left after drying, the line has a cyclone unloader (19) connected to the dryer (11), hoppers (20) and a granulator (23) communicated with hoppers (21 and 22), into which oil and fat components from the tank (18) are fed to granulate the components and obtain the finished feed sent to the filling and packaging machine (24), the line operates in a closed steam recirculation cycle, where the steam is heated using a superheater and moved by the pump.

The proposed line for the production of feed for aquaculture works as follows (Fig. 1).

The source of leguminous raw materials and meal, meal of a given fractional composition with an initial moisture content of 12 ... 14%, stored in bins 1, 2, 3 are fed by rotary batchers 5 are fed to the grinder 6, and fishmeal, meat and bone meal and gluten are fed into mixers 8, then the product is supplied into the steamer and then into the working chamber of the extruder 8. Extruded compound feeds with a moisture content of 26 ... 28% are fed to a dryer 11, where they are dried to a moisture content of 5 ... 7%, fed to a device for vacuum application of oil and fat components 12 with nozzles 13 for applying oil and fat combs ponents from oil and fat industry waste storage bins 15 (Saopstock), vegetable oil storage bins 16, fish oil storage bins 17, from a container for uniform mixing of oil and fat components 18 and then extruded compound feeds enter cooler 14, for cooling to ambient temperature and further to the filling and packaging apparatus 25. The small fraction of the feed from the dryer 11 enters the cyclone unloader 19, then to the bunkers for storing the fine fraction of the feed 20, and then to the granulator 23, uda-simultaneously serves mineral raw materials (zeolite, bentonite, limestone) stored in the bins 21 and medical preparations stored in the bins 22, then the oil and fat components are fed from the tank for uniform mixing of the oil and fat components 18 for granularization of the components. Due to the good adhesion (surface adhesion forces) of mineral raw materials and fatty components, spherical granules are formed. This allows you to give the necessary healing properties for aquaculture feed, and then the finished feed is sent to the packaging machine 24.

In this case, mainly radial fluid flows are created in the paddle mixer 18. Along with the radial flow, a tangential (circular) flow of the mixture of oil and fat components and the formation of a funnel arise. In this case, reflective partitions are installed in the container for uniform mixing of oil and fat components 18. This ensures intensive mixing throughout the volume of the paddle mixer 18. The power consumed by the paddle mixer, operating in a tank with reflective baffles, with a turbulent mixing mode is practically independent of the viscosity of the medium. Therefore, agitators of this type can be used for mixtures whose viscosity changes during mixing. Closed turbine mixers create a more pronounced radial flow.

The apparatus for vacuum evaporation of oil and fat components 12 with nozzles 13 is a vacuum impregnation system, which consists in the fact that first oil or oil and oil industry wastes are sprayed onto the granules with constant stirring, after creating a vacuum in the equipment, air is slowly fed into it, and oil or oil and oil the waste is absorbed through the capillaries into the depths of the granule, or cover it, that is, encapsulation occurs.

Granulator 23 for the creation of granular therapeutic and preventive compound feeds from the main feed raw materials, using mineral raw materials and medical preparations is an inclined rotating drum. The discharge part of the granulator 23 is perforated for draining and subsequent removal of the small (feed-through) part of the feed into the confuser, as well as excess feed, mineral raw materials and medical preparations and waste products from the oil and fat industry and vegetable oil.

The line operates in a closed steam recirculation cycle as follows, the initial steam from the superheater (not shown in Fig.) Is pumped to the air heater 28, where it heats the air entering the dryer 11, and then enters the shirt of the bunker for storing waste oil and fat industry 15, then in the shirt of the hopper for storing vegetable oil 16 and the hopper for storing fish oil 17 to heat the components to 40 ... 45 ° C, in order to reduce viscosity, then the steam is sent to the shirt of the paddle mixer 18, to maintain the temperature of the mix tions in the range of 40 ... 45 ° C, and then sent to the steamer 7 extruder 8 for wet-heat treatment of the starting components of the feed mixture, and then sent for recovery.

Thus, the use of the invention will allow:

- expand the range of manufactured feeds of a given nutritional value, adapted for aquaculture;

- increase the efficiency of feed by directed regulation of physical and mechanical properties (crumbling, density, moisture resistance);

- use the technology of multiple spraying of various components including liquid and powder ingredients;

- increase the storage capacity of animal feed through the use of vacuum deposition technology.

Claims (1)

Compound feed production line for aquaculture, characterized in that it has bins (1) for storing leguminous raw materials installed in the technological sequence and equipped with rotary batchers (5), two bins (2 and 15) for storing waste oil and fat industry, two bunkers (3 and 4) for the storage of protein products, bins (16) for storing vegetable oil, bins (17) for storing fish oil, bins (20) for storing a small fraction of feed, bins (21) for storing mineral raw materials and bunkers (22) for storingmedical preparations (22), and after the batchers working on the bunkers (1, 2, 3, 4), a crusher (6), a separator (7), a mixer (8), a steamer (9) and an extruder (10) are installed in the line and the line has a dryer (11), an apparatus (12) for vacuum spraying oil and oil components with nozzles (13), a cooler (14), a container (18) for mixing oil and oil components, equipped with a paddle mixer, a granulator (23), designed for the creation of granular treatment and preventive feed from the main feed raw materials using mineral raw materials and le products, a filling and packaging machine (24, 25), a fan (26), a pump (27) and a heater (28), and after the dryer (11), a line (12) for vacuum spraying of oil and fat components with nozzles (13) is installed in the line ) for applying oil and fat components from hoppers (15, 16, 17) mixed into containers (18) in communication with a cooler (14) intended for cooling the extruded and processed oil and fat components of the product with its subsequent directing to the packaging machine (25) in addition, for The small fraction of the feed left after drying, the line has a cyclone unloader (19) communicated with the dryer (11), silos (20) and a granulator (23) communicated with silos (21 and 22), into which oil and fat components are fed from the tank (18) to granulate the components and obtain the finished feed sent to the filling and packaging machine (24), while the line operates in a closed steam recirculation cycle, where the steam is heated using a superheater and moved by the pump.

Images