RU2711710C1 - Method of making a decorative and artistic three-dimensional article using a 3d pen - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: satisfaction of human vital needs.SUBSTANCE: method of making a decorative and artistic three-dimensional article using 3D pen involves preliminary making a flat workpiece on a stenciled surface, which is made in the form of a projection of the cross-section of the selected three-dimensional article, forming a closed contour of the workpiece by means of heated plastic. A random grid is formed inside the circuit with heated plastic. Cooled flat workpiece is oriented horizontally, then carcass of half of volume article is formed by forming arcs to produce convex outer frame in form of mesh. Then the workpiece is turned over and the second half of the three-dimensional article is formed.EFFECT: simplified process of manufacturing 3D articles with help of 3D pen and expanded range of products.7 cl, 14 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the field of decorative and applied art, and more particularly to the manufacture of three-dimensional decorative and artistic molded products using 3D handles.

In the visual arts, various methods of creating artistic paintings are known that are different in technique and are distinguished by decorative, textured and relief images.

Most often, voluminous decorative products are obtained using a matrix with a given relief, filled with a polymer casting method, for example, polyurethane foam, after which the matrix is removed, the casting defects are removed, the workpiece is kept dry and the semi-finished product is given an aesthetic appearance of the finished product (RU 2412063, class B44С5 / 04, 2011).

This method of manufacturing volumetric products is limited by the shape of the matrix, which greatly reduces the possibility of manufacturing decorative and artistic products.

Known from the Internet is a method of manufacturing bulk products using a 3D pen http://illjuzija.ru/3d-risunki/chto-takoe-3d-ruchka-i-kak-ona-rabotaet.html. This method involves selecting a solid reference point, after which it is necessary to make a large plastic ball on paper. Then the 3D pen is slowly lifted upward, continuing to slowly squeeze out the polymeric material from it, to move the hand at the same speed as the pen pushes the material. In order to make a straight line, hold the pen in line with the polymer and pull it very carefully. A slight tension will keep the plastic line straight while it cools. At the moment when they reach the place where it is necessary to finish the line, stop extruding the material and hold the 3D-pen for a few more seconds. The plastic needs to cool and solidify before it can hold its own weight. To speed up the process, a small fan is sent to the work area. After the plastic has hardened, remove the handle. Making a curved line is much more complicated. From a large bead on paper, which will become the base point, a 3D pen is lifted from the surface, while squeezing the material at low speed. Move the 3D pen vertically, as if making a straight line, then lead it to the right moment, then stop the pen to allow the plastic to harden. The most difficult part of creating freehand drawings in space is working at the right speed, because you need to move your hand at the same speed as the extruder extrudes plastic. Otherwise, the lines will bend.

Making models in space in a known manner is extremely difficult, and it is limited by the ability to create a wide range of products.

A method of manufacturing a three-dimensional decorative and artistic product (http: //xn-- 3-htbaafa2am9dzg.xn--p1ai/podelki-3d-ruchkoj/) is also known from the Internet. This method is adopted as a prototype, including serial connection of several flat ones into one three-dimensional form parts made by stencil on a sheet of paper using a 3D pen and connecting them together.

The disadvantage of this method is the limited range of bulk products, due to the primitiveness of the resulting structures, which are limited to simple flat parts. Products obtained in a known manner do not have the necessary decorative effect.

The problem of the invention is the development of a method of manufacturing a decorative - artistic volumetric product using a 3D pen, providing the ability to create an expanded assortment.

The technical result of the invention is to simplify the manufacturing process of bulk products using 3D pens and expanding the range of products.

The stated problem and the indicated technical result are achieved by the fact that the method of manufacturing a decorative and artistic volumetric product using a 3D pen includes prefabrication of a flat workpiece on a surface by stencil. According to the invention, a flat billet is made in the form of a projection of a section of a selected volumetric product, forming first a closed contour of the billet with heated plastic. An arbitrary mesh is formed inside the contour with heated plastic, the boundaries of which are aligned with the contour. The cooled flat billet is oriented horizontally, and then the frame of half the volume product is formed by arcing. Arcs are formed by depositing plastic from the tip of a 3D handle to the edge of a flat workpiece, then turn on the supply of plastic, move the 3D handle in an arc down under the workpiece to a diametrically opposite edge and weld the end of the arc to it. The formation of arcs is repeated an arbitrary number of times until a convex external frame is obtained in the form of a grid. Then turn the workpiece and form the second half of the bulk product.

The 3D handle for forming the contour of the workpiece should be pressed firmly to the surface.

The product’s frame is formed in the form of a grid with a cell pitch ranging from 10 to 15 mm.

After receiving the frame of the bulk blank, the external contour grid is compacted to a cell diameter of 3 to 4 mm, followed by decoration.

A method of manufacturing a decorative - artistic volumetric product using a 3D pen according to the second embodiment includes prefabrication of a flat blank on the surface using a stencil. According to the invention, a flat billet is made in the form of a projection of a section of a selected volumetric product, forming first a closed contour of the billet with heated plastic. A part of the cooled circuit is bent up to form an external volumetric contour, orienting the bend at an angle from 0 to 100 °, after which a closed shape of the product of arbitrary shape on the plane is re-drawn for the second time. The plastic from the tip of the 3D handle is fused to the edge of a flat contour located on the plane, the plastic is turned on, moving the 3D pen to the bent contour, forming a three-dimensional grid.

From the plane, the cooled circuit is bent in an amount that provides the volume product required by the author’s plan.

Using the physical properties of warm plastic, the formation of a three-dimensional mesh to a given arbitrary shape is carried out by pulling it with your hands.

A grid with a cell diameter of 3 to 4 mm is decorated.

The first variant of the method of manufacturing a decorative - artistic volumetric product using a 3D pen is as follows.

To create a three-dimensional product (a geometric figure, such as a ball, ellipse, fruit, animal torso, etc.), any 3D pen model suitable, for example, works with ABS, PLA, SBS, BFLEX plastics. Optimum temperature for working with plastics:

ABS - 210-215 °,

PLA 160-185 °,

SBS - 190-200 °.

On a sheet of paper (preferably tracing paper), the desired contour was applied, which is the projection of the cross section of the selected bulk product. In a specific example, this is a ball (Fig. 1). Using a 3D pen, a contour was drawn with plastic and a net was created inside, repeating the shape of the sectional projection of the part that gave volume to harden the flat workpiece (Fig. 2). The 3D pen was pressed firmly against the surface of the tracing paper to ensure a continuous, unbroken line. A flat workpiece, after cooling for 0.5-1 minutes, easily peeled off from tracing paper.

Holding the resulting flat workpiece horizontally, as the horizontal orientation of the workpiece provides further smooth sagging of the heated plastic, with the formation of a regular arc, brought the tip of the 3D handle to the edge of the workpiece, slightly melted its edge (Fig. 3), then turned on the plastic supply and led the 3D handle downward and then upward again to the diametrically opposite edge of the workpiece, until the plastic sagged in an even semicircle. Then the plastic supply was stopped, and only after that the resulting arc was melted to the opposite edge of the workpiece (Fig. 4). Performing the indicated action repeatedly, with the formation of a random grid of the arcs obtained with a mesh size of 10 to 15 mm, the workpiece was left in position while the plastic of the arcs facing down hardened (Fig. 5). The mesh size from 10 to 15 mm mesh provides sufficient strength for the bulk workpiece, which allows you to hold the resulting shape. Turning the workpiece with the convex part up, we repeated all the described operations with the second half of the product, creating a three-dimensional contour. At the same time, the flat workpiece remained inside the bulk product, reinforcing it. Then they continued to increase the number of arcs, superimposing them on one another, thereby reducing the size of the cells in the grid (Fig. 6). When the mesh cells became less than 3-4 mm, they began to decorate the product, depending on the plan of the author.

A bulk product using a 3D pen according to the second embodiment was made as follows.

The manufacture of a volumetric product of arbitrary shape was carried out on the example of a stone / rock.

On paper or tracing paper, a contour of the projection of the cross section of a volumetric product was applied (Fig. 7). Using a 3D pen, plastic circled the outline on the paper, while the pen was supposed to be firmly pressed to the surface (Fig. 8).

After the plastic contour cooled down, one edge was bent, orienting it at an angle to the surface from 0 to 100 ° (Fig. 9). Re-finished with a 3D pen on the plane that part of the contour that was bent (Fig. 10). From the contour remaining on the paper, arbitrary lines were drawn with a 3D pen to the bent part of the contour, forming a grid between the bent part of the contour and the contour on paper (Fig. 11). When creating the mesh, the drawn just (still warm) lines were pulled a little up, so that the surface turned out to be arbitrarily uneven (Fig. 12). In those places of the bulk product, where it was necessary to create an additional protrusion, they used the stretching of warm plastic with fingers, increasing the volume. These protrusions can be either sharp or gentle depending on the idea of the author. Having obtained the frame from a coarse mesh, we continued to create a denser mesh by further applying heated plastic to the spaces of the mesh cells (Fig. 13). After the volumetric contour is strengthened using a dense mesh, a durable product was taken in hand, and hatch with warm plastic with further decoration (Fig. 14).

The presented two options for manufacturing bulk products using a 3D pen are simple, while these methods can be used without additional devices. A feature of the method is the ability to manufacture using a 3D pen a wide range of volumetric products of complex configuration. Currently, the methods have been tested, a sufficient number of volumetric original products have been manufactured.

Claims (7)

1. A method of manufacturing a decorative and artistic bulk product using a 3D pen, including pre-fabricating a flat blank on a surface by stencil, characterized in that the flat blank is made in the form of a sectional projection of the selected bulk product, forming first a closed plastic blank contour with heated plastic inside an arbitrary mesh is formed with plastic, combining the boundaries of the mesh with the contour, the cooled flat blank is oriented horizontally, then a half frame is formed of a bulk product by forming arcs, first fusing plastic from the tip of the 3D handle to the edge of the flat workpiece, then turn on the plastic supply, move the 3D handle along the arc down under the workpiece to the diametrically opposite edge and weld the end of the arc to it, repeat the formation of arcs any number of times until obtaining a convex external frame in the form of a grid, after which the billet is turned over and the second half of the bulk product is formed. 2. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that the 3D pen for forming the contour of the workpiece should be firmly pressed to the surface. 3. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that they form the frame of the product in the form of a grid with a step of cells in the range from 10 to 15 mm 4. The method according to p. 1, characterized in that after receiving the volumetric frame, the external contour grid is compacted to a cell diameter of 3 to 4 mm, followed by decoration. 5. A method of manufacturing a decorative and artistic bulk product using a 3D pen, including pre-fabricating a flat blank on a surface by stencil, characterized in that the flat blank is made in the form of a sectional projection of the selected bulk product, forming a closed blank blanket, part of the cooled loop, with heated plastic bent up to form an external volume contour, orienting the bend at an angle from 0 to 100 °, after which a closed shape of arbitrary shape is re-drawn Product round on the plane, and then the plastic with the tip of the handle 3D weld to the edge of the flat circuit disposed on a plane plastic feed include moving the handle to 3D beveled contour, forming a bulk grid. 6. The method according to p. 5, characterized in that the cooled circuit is bent from the plane in an amount that provides the volumetric product required by the author’s plan. 7. The method according to p. 5, characterized in that the grid with a cell diameter of 3 to 4 mm is decorated.

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