RU2707460C2 - Forging machine - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: technological processes.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to metal forming and can be used in production of decorative forged elements, for example, from pipes or solid rolled metal square section. Forging machine comprises base, on which there installed are electric motor and forging block. Forging block includes housing with profiling and eccentric assemblies formed by corresponding rollers. Forging block roll mills are arranged on two parallel kinematically interconnected drive and driven shafts, which are fixed in the housing with possibility of rotation. Drive shaft is brought out of housing and connected to electric motor through worm reduction gear.

EFFECT: higher reliability of machine, having compact structure.

5 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the processing of metals, namely to the deformation of long workpieces, and can be used for the manufacture of decorative forged elements, for example, from standard hollow square pipes with a cross section of 15 × 15, 20 × 20, 25 × 25 mm or more or solid square metal sections.

The prior art device for modifying the cross section of a rectangular pipe by forming at least two opposite sides of the decorative stiffeners by rolling inwardly a part of the pipe wall containing at least two rolling molding discs with a clamping device, and at least one of them can be made collapsible, consisting of a disk, on the outer surface of which a profile is made to form a reciprocal profile on the pipe surface, and two clamping washers mounted on both sides of the disc and for generating a stream of the workpiece (see. Patent RU 2,528,286, Cl. B21D 7/02, publ. 09.10.2014). The main disadvantage of the known device is its limited functionality - it can be used to form grooves only in the walls of pipes of a certain shape and size.

The closest in technical essence to the invention is a forging machine containing a base on which an electric motor and a forging unit are installed, comprising a housing with a profiling and eccentric assemblies formed by the respective rollers (see patent RU 73249, class B21D 17/04, publ. 20.05 .2008). The disadvantages of the known block are its bulkiness and relatively short service life, due to the large number of moving parts, in particular, providing adjustment to the size of the workpiece.

A technical problem is the elimination of these shortcomings. The technical result consists in creating a simple, compact and reliable forging block, which can be used both for profiling the workpiece along the entire length, and for forming the final decorative sections. The problem is solved, and the technical result is achieved by the fact that in the forging machine containing the base on which the electric motor and the forge block are installed, including a housing with a profiling and eccentric nodes formed by the corresponding rollers, all the forge block rollers located on two parallel kinematically connected drive and driven shafts that are rotatably mounted in the housing, the drive shaft being brought out of the housing and connected to the electric motor through a worm gear. The profiling unit preferably includes molding rolls of different diameters coaxial with the rolls and rolled into the workpiece to be machined, which are separated by pressure washers forming a closed profile for the passage of the workpiece. The eccentric assembly preferably includes cylindrical rollers of different diameters mounted offset from the axis of the shafts. On the opposite side from the electric motor, a faceplate with a molding matrix is mounted on the drive shaft, and an arm with a support roller is fixed on the base in front of it.

In FIG. 1 is partially a sectional view of the proposed forging machine, side view;

in FIG. 2 - forging machine, top view;

in FIG. 3 - its faceplate with a molding matrix.

The proposed forging machine includes a base 1 on which an electric motor 2, a forging unit and an arm 3 with a support roller 4 are mounted.

The forge block consists of a housing 5, in which, with the help of rigidly mounted bearing bearings 6 and 7, two parallel drive 8 and driven 9 shafts are installed with rotation possibility, equipped with sets of rollers 10-12. Rollers 10-12 can be made in the form of single parts with corresponding shafts 8-9 or in the form of separate disks mounted on these shafts. The shafts 8-9 are kinematically connected: the rotation from the shaft 8 is transmitted to the shaft 9 due to gears 13 located inside or outside the housing 5.

The forming rollers 10 are made of different diameters and are provided with a central protrusion on the outer surface for rolling inside the workpiece. In order to avoid rupture of the metal, the side walls of the protrusions are opposed at an angle of 60-80 ° to the axis of the rollers 10, which ensures the deformation of the pipe without mechanical damage and the formation of a smooth trough-like groove with stiffeners on the sides. One, two, three or more rollers 10 are mounted coaxially on the shafts 8-9 and are separated by clamping washers 14, forming a closed profile for the passage of the workpiece. Rollers 10 together with washers 14 constitute the profiling unit of the forging block.

Smooth cylindrical rollers 12 of different diameters, as well as rollers 11 with a curly outer surface, are mounted with an offset e relative to the axes of the shafts 8-9 and form an eccentric assembly, which, due to the beating of the distance between the surfaces of the opposing rollers, allows you to flatten the end sections of the workpieces with the formation of a smooth or curly foot .

On the one hand, the drive shaft 8 is pulled out of the housing 5 and connected to the electric motor 2 through a worm gear 15. On the other side of the housing 5, a faceplate 16 is installed on the drive shaft 8 with a replaceable two-stage molding matrix 17. The machine is controlled (turning on) using a two-position foot pedal (not shown in the drawings).

In a complete set, the proposed machine allows you to perform:

- guying of a flat foot and a curly foot with notches (goose foot) from a square with a side no more than 20 mm (hot forging), as well as from a profile pipe with a side up to 30 mm (cold forging);

- reinforcement of the profile pipe with a side of 15, 20, 25 mm due to the stiffeners formed during profiling;

- make "bagels" and curls (6 different sizes, maximum diameter 400 mm);

- make “baskets” (“flashlights”) from a profile pipe 10 × 10 mm and a square from 5 × 5 mm to 10 × 10 mm;

- perform longitudinal twisting of a square with a side up to 16 mm (torsion tool).

The proposed device operates as follows.

After turning on the electric motor 2, the drive shaft 8 through the worm gear 15 on the command from the foot pedal is rotated.

To form a trough-like groove with stiffeners on opposite walls of a square pipe, the latter is placed between the washers 14 inside a closed profile for passage of the workpiece opposite the rollers 10 of the corresponding size. Then rolled along the entire length of the workpiece.

To flatten the end of the profiled billet and form the presser, the end of the tube is inserted between the eccentric rollers 11 or 12 and the forward movement smoothly reduces the gap of the inner cavity to zero.

For the formation of a spiral bend at the end of the workpiece, the corresponding molding matrix 17 is mounted on the faceplate 16 and the end of the workpiece is fixed in the center, then the latter is pressed into the roller 4 and the shaft 8 is rotated as many times as necessary.

By placing the equipment on a single base, and all the rollers on only two shafts, and also by connecting the drive shaft to the electric motor directly through the worm gear (without couplings and additional base plates), the proposed forging machine design has increased compactness and eliminates the need for an additional kinematic connection between the pieces of equipment. At the same time, the proposed machine can be placed on a relatively small table and allows forging to complete the forged figure element completely (profile reinforcement, flattening and bending of the ends).

Claims (5)

1. A forging machine containing a base on which an electric motor and a forging unit are installed, comprising a housing with a profiling and eccentric nodes formed by the respective rollers, characterized in that the rollers of the profiling and eccentric nodes of the forging block are located on two parallel kinematically connected to each other master and slave shafts that are rotatably mounted in the housing, and the drive shaft on one side is brought out of the housing and connected to the electric motor through a worm main gearbox. 2. A forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the profiling unit comprises molding rollers of different diameters coaxial with the leading and driven shafts with a protrusion on the surface for rolling the workpiece to form a groove, the rollers being separated by clamping washers forming a closed profile for the passage of the machined blanks. 3. A forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the eccentric assembly contains cylindrical rollers of different diameters, mounted with an offset relative to the axes of the drive and driven shafts. 4. A forging machine according to claim 1, characterized in that a faceplate with a molding matrix is installed on the drive shaft from the side opposite from the electric motor. 5. Forging machine according to claim 4, characterized in that in front of the faceplate, a bracket with a support roller is fixed on the base.

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