RU2706952C1 - Ridging method of drained lands - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to agriculture, in particular, to reclamation. Method aims at reducing the intensity of drainage siltation by cutting a slot at the ridge base. At that, finely dispersed powder of copper pyrites is added to cut slot, and ridge is then poured.

EFFECT: method makes it possible to increase efficiency of the method of ridging of drained lands by creating conditions for suppressing vital activity of iron bacteria, which facilitate siltation of the drainage.

1 cl, 1 ex

Description

The invention relates to agriculture, in particular to methods of combing agricultural drained land, can be used to reduce the intensity of zahravanie drained land.

A known method of combing agricultural land, including leveling the surface of the field and cutting ridges [1]. The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality when processing drained lands.

A known method of combing agricultural land, including leveling the surface of the field, processing of the field at the base of the ridges and their filling [2]. The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality in the treatment of drained lands susceptible to obrahany drainage.

A known method of combing agricultural land, including processing the surface of the field at the base of the ridge, and then dumping and cutting cracks between the ridges [3]. The disadvantage of this method is the limited functionality when processing drained lands.

The closest in technical essence and the achieved result to the proposed technical solution relates to a method of combing drained lands, including cutting a gap in the base of the ridge, and then filling it [4].

As a result of studying and analyzing the current level of technology, it was revealed that the technical problem is the obstruction of drainage on drained lands.

The purpose of the proposed invention is to increase the efficiency of the method of combing drained lands.

The technical result of the invention consists in expanding the functionality of the combing method by creating conditions for suppressing the vital activity of iron bacteria, contributing to obhreniem drainage.

To achieve this result, a method is proposed, which is carried out by the KON-2 hiller, additionally equipped with slithereries and a device for uniformly adding finely divided powder, which differs from the known analogues in that a slot is cut into the base of the ridge, into which finely dispersed copper pyrite powder is added, and then the ridge is sprinkled with a height of 20 -25 cm and a width of 30-35 cm and carry out a set of other agricultural work.

Drain drains excess moisture from the active soil layer. Moisture flow moves particles of copper pyrites from cracks into the near-sand zone, containing up to 34% of pure copper, the compounds of which inhibit the activity of iron bacteria and stop draining of drains.

The average particle size of the powder of copper pyrite is taken in the range of 0.05-0.3 mm. With a particle size of less than 0.05 mm, the complexity of the work increases without increasing the uniformity of the distribution of the powder along the length of the slit, and with a particle size of more than 0.3 mm, the uniformity of the distribution of powder along the length of the slit decreases, the width of which is taken within 25-35 mm. When the width of the slit is less than 25 mm, the uniformity of the distribution of the powder along the length of the slit decreases, and with its width of more than 35 mm the complexity of the work increases without increasing the uniformity of the distribution of the powder along the length of the slit.

The depth of the gap is taken within 25-35 cm. With a depth of the gap of less than 25 cm, the intensity of the supply of copper compounds to the near-neck zone and suppression of the vital activity of iron bacteria decreases, and with a depth of more than 35 cm the labor intensity of the work increases without a significant increase in the intensity of the arrival of copper compounds in the near-neck zone and vital activity of iron bacteria.

The rate of application of copper pyrites depends on the soil mechanical composition and the content of ferrous iron in drainage waters, it is taken within 45-97 kg / ha. Its smaller values are used on soils of light mechanical composition and when the content of ferrous iron in drainage waters is less than 4 mg / l. Its large values are on soils of heavy mechanical composition and when the content of ferrous iron in drainage water is more than 6 mg / l.

When setting up dispensers - devices for the dosed introduction of copper pyrite powder into the slot, the rate of its application in units of "kilogram per hectare" is converted to the unit "kilogram per meter" of length of the slot. Recalculation is performed according to the formula:

n = N⋅a / 10000,

where n is the rate of application of copper pyrite kg / m;

N is the rate of application of copper pyrite kg / ha;

a - the distance between the axes of the ridges, m

The flow rate of dispensers at a rate of application of copper pyrites of 50 kg / ha and a distance between the axes of the ridges of 0.4 m will be 1/500 kg / m.

Powdered copper pyrite is placed in the deep layers of the soil profile, so the technology does not adversely affect the environment and agricultural plants.

An example implementation of the proposed method. The soils of the drained massif in the Arkhangelsk region are medium loamy. The distance between the drains is 18.0 m. The depth of the drains is 1.0 m. The ferrous iron content in the drainage water is 6.5 mg / l. The surface of the drained field is leveled with the RVK-3.6 combined unit, then the KON-2 okuchnik, additionally equipped with slitherese and a device for evenly distributing finely dispersed powder, cut a slot 30 mm wide and 29 cm deep into which finely dispersed copper pyrites powder is normal at a rate of 85 kg / ha and then they fill the ridge with a height of 22 cm and a width of 32 cm. Next, the rest of the complex of agrotechnical work is carried out.

On the part of the drained drainage array, copper pyrites were not added. Two years later, sections of drains were opened on separate parts of the drainage array. The intensity of ocheration on the part of the array with the addition of finely dispersed powder of copper pyrites was 15%. On the part of the drainage array without adding copper pyrite powder, the draining intensity of drains was 49%. Thus, the difference in the intensity of draining of drains in different parts of the drainage array was 34%.

The proposed invention extends the functionality of the method of combing drained lands and provides a reduction in the intensity of ocherification of drainage by 34% due to the introduction of finely dispersed powder of copper pyrites into the cut gaps in the base of the ridge, and then dumping the ridge.

Used sources

1. Draining: Reference / Ed. B.S. Maslova. - M .: "Ecostr Association", 2001. S. 227-228.

2. Kasyanov A.E. "Ecological control of drainage reclamation": Monograph. - M .: Publishing house "Sputnik +". 2012 .-- p. 183-185.

3. A.S. USSR No. 1419547, class АВВ 79/00, publ. 08/30/1988. Bull. Number 32.

4. A. p. USSR No. 181760, class АВВ 79/00, publ. 05/30/1993. Bull. No. 20.

Claims (1)

The method of combing drained lands, aimed at reducing the intensity of ocherification of drainage, including cutting a gap in the base of the ridge, and then filling it, characterized in that finely dispersed copper pyrite powder is introduced into the cut slot, and then the comb is poured.