RU2798551C1 - Hydrocyclone plant - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: treating drilling fluids outside a borehole.

SUBSTANCE: installation contains a portable frame on which a sand filtration unit and a sludge filtration unit are mounted. The sand filtration unit is made in form of the second stage of drilling fluid purification after the vibrating screen and consists of pressure head, receiving pipe collectors and sand separators in the form of hydrocyclones. The pressure header is configured to supply drilling fluid from it to sand separators, configured to separate the solution into liquid and solid phases, discharge the solid phase through the sand separator nozzle and drain the liquid phase into the intake manifold. The sludge filtration unit is made in form of the third stage of purification and consists of pressure, receiving pipe collectors and desilters in form of hydrocyclones. The desilters are made with the possibility of separating the solution into solid and liquid phases, discharging the solid phase through the desilter nozzle and draining the liquid phase into the intake manifold. The hydrocyclones are made with the possibility of dumping the solid phase into the receiving funnel, under the discharge window of which there is a capacity for pulp accumulation. A steam removal system in the form of an exhaust device for removing vapours is connected to the flange of the lid of the receiving funnel. The frame design has four slinging points to ensure the possibility of its transportation. To control the pressure in the pressure collectors of the sand and sludge filtration units, pressure gauges are installed.

EFFECT: compactness of the device, fast installation, simplification of the cleaning technology while maintaining its efficiency.

4 cl, 1 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

The invention relates to devices for processing drilling fluids outside a borehole and can be used to clean solutions from solid fractions, in particular, from the release of solutions from objects stuck in a borehole, such as sand and silt, and can be used in the oil and gas industry when drilling wells or in the implementation of the intensification of oil or gas production from production wells.

A hydrocyclone installation is known from the prior art (RU 2244598 C1, IPC B04C 7/00, publ. 20.01.2005). The device is designed to separate heterogeneous dispersed systems and belongs to systems for centrifugal separation of liquids from mechanical impurities in hydrocyclone cleaners.

The disadvantage of the hydrocyclone installation should be attributed to the fact that it is intended primarily for use in the metallurgical and metalworking industries and cannot be adapted when separating the drilling fluid from the proppant used in drilling oil or gas wells.

The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is recognized as a device used to implement the drilling fluid cleaning method (RU 2258795 C2, IPC E21B 21/06, publ. 20.08.2005). The device according to the proposed method contains a chute connecting the wellhead with vibrating screens installed in series, a system of hydrocyclones, including a hydrocyclone sand separator and a desilter, a centrifuge with process tanks for receiving drilling fluid, slurry pumps installed in series in stages of cleaning, process tanks-accumulators of drilling fluid connected into the circulation system for the movement of drilling fluid through the well.

The disadvantage of the known technical solution should be recognized as its low manufacturability associated with the high design and technological complexity of the device, due to the fact that the proposed invention uses up to five stages of purification using a large number of filters, pumps and pipelines. Such a degree of purification is not always appropriate when reusing the drilling fluid for its use in drilling new wells and intensifying the extraction of oil or gas from production wells.

The technical problem to be solved by the claimed invention, coinciding with the positive result of its application, is the development of a compact hydrocyclone unit that combines the ability to quickly install the device on industrial sites of oil and gas wells with the possibility of simultaneous purification of the used drilling fluid from heavy fractions of sand, proppant, silt and other solid inclusions.

This problem is solved by the fact that the hydrocyclone installation contains a portable frame, while the first and second sand and silt filtration units are mounted on it; the first block includes the first pressure manifold, with a sand separator installed thereon, provided with tangential nozzles for separating sand; the second block includes a second pressure manifold and filters for separating sludge; sand and silt filtration units are made with the possibility of supplying them with drilling fluid, previously cleaned with a vibrating screen.

The invention is illustrated by the drawing, where the figure shows a general view of the installation in isometric projection.

Hydrocyclone installation has the following design.

Its basis is a portable frame 1, on which the first 2 and second 3 blocks of sand and silt filtration are mounted. The first block includes a pressure collector 4, with a sand separator 5 installed on it, equipped with tangential nozzles 6 for separating sand. Blocks 2 and 3 for sand and silt filtration are made with the possibility of supplying them with drilling fluid, previously cleaned with a vibrating screen.

The hydrocyclone installation consists of the following main units.

The base of the installation is a portable frame 1 (bearing structure), on which all parts of the hydrocyclone installation are mounted. The frame design provides for four sling points, which makes it possible to transport the entire hydrocyclone unit (without the need to dismantle its individual units).

The sand filtration unit 2 (sand separator unit) is the second stage of drilling fluid cleaning after the vibrating screen and performs finer cleaning compared to it. The block consists of a pressure head 4 and a receiving pipe manifold and sand separators 5 (sand separators) connected to them, made in the form of hydrocyclones, while the pressure manifold has a diameter of 200 mm (Du-200), and the intake one - 250 mm (Du-250). From the pressure head 4, the drilling fluid is fed through tangential inlets to the sand separators, where it is separated into solid and liquid phases under the action of a cyclone. The solid phase is discharged through the desander nozzle, and the liquid phase is drained into the intake manifold and sent for further processing. The average particle size removed by sand separators is 40-70 microns.

The sludge filtration unit 3 (silt separator unit) is the third stage of drilling fluid purification and performs finer cleaning compared to the desander unit. It consists of pressure (Dn 150) and inlet (Dn 200) pipe collectors and desilters connected to them, made in the form of hydrocyclones, while the pressure collector has a diameter of 150 mm (Dn-150), and the inlet - 200 mm (Dn-200) . In desilters, the drilling mud is separated into solid and liquid phases by the action of the cyclone principle. The solid phase is discharged through the desilter nozzle, and the liquid phase is drained into the intake manifold and sent for further processing. The average particle size removed by desilters is from 20 to 40 microns.

To control the pressure in the pressure collectors 4 of the first 2 and second 3 blocks of sand and sludge filtration, pressure gauges are installed on them.

Under the discharge window of the receiving funnel 7 is installed capacity for the accumulation of pulp. To the flange of the lid of the receiving funnel, located on the side of the cones of the sand separators, a steam removal system is connected, made in the form of an exhaust device for removing vapors. Receiving funnel 7 is covered from above with lids that reduce the penetration of vapors of the drilling fluid discharged by the unit into the atmosphere of the cleaning unit.

Installation hydrocyclone is used as follows.

Untreated drilling fluid is supplied to the pressure collectors of the hydrocyclone units. In hydrocyclones, the solution is cleared of the solid fraction and, accumulating in the receiving collectors, leaves the plant. The separated solid fraction (pulp) is discharged by hydrocyclones into the receiving funnel and leaves it under the action of gravity through the discharge window. The steam generated in the internal volume of the receiving funnel is removed through the flange in the lid by the steam removal system. Table 1 shows the main technical characteristics of the hydrocyclone unit.

The pressure in the pressure manifold required for the efficient operation of sand and silt separators depends on the density of the drilling fluid supplied. The optimal ratios of these values are shown in Table 2.

The hydrocyclone installation discussed in this application has received the designation "DELTA-212SH".

To clean the used drilling fluid from cuttings, the DELTA-212SH hydrocyclone unit can be equipped with a vibrating sieve with linear oscillations of the vibrating frame, developed on the basis of the DELTA-4 vibrating screen, the distinguishing feature of which is the presence of a casing that isolates the working volume of the vibrating sieve, steam from which is removed with an exhaust fan. The DELTA-4-212SH sieve-hydrocyclone unit formed by this arrangement can be equipped with a common exhaust manifold.

Claims (4)

1. Hydrocyclone installation containing a portable frame on which a sand filtration unit and a silt filtration unit are mounted, the sand filtration unit is made in the form of a second stage of drilling mud purification after a vibrating screen, consists of a pressure head, a receiving pipe manifold and sand separators made in the form of hydrocyclones, the pressure header is configured to supply the drilling fluid from it to the sand separators, configured to separate the drilling fluid into liquid and solid phases, discharge the solid phase through the nozzle of the sand separator and drain the liquid phase into the intake manifold, the sludge filtration unit is made in the form of the third stage of purification drilling fluid after the sand filtration unit, consists of a pressure head, a receiving pipe collectors and desilters made in the form of hydrocyclones, while the desilters are made with the ability to separate the drilling fluid into solid and liquid phases, discharge the solid phase through the desilter nozzle and drain the liquid phase into the intake manifold characterized in that said hydrocyclones are made with the possibility of discharging the solid phase into the receiving funnel, under the discharge window of which a pulp accumulation tank is installed, while a steam removal system is connected to the flange of the receiving funnel cover, made in the form of an exhaust device for removing vapors, additionally by the frame structure The unit is provided with four slinging points to enable its transportation, and pressure gauges are installed in the pressure collectors of the sand filtration unit and the sludge filtration unit. 2. The hydrocyclone plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressure collectors of the sand filtration unit have a diameter of 200 mm, and the intake manifolds of the sand filtration unit are 250 mm, the pressure manifolds of the silt filtration unit have a diameter of 150 mm, and the intake manifolds of the silt filtration unit are 200 mm. 3. Hydrocyclone plant according to claim 1, characterized in that the sand separators are designed to remove particles, the average size of which is from 40 to 70 microns. 4. Hydrocyclone plant according to claim. 1, characterized in that the desilters are designed to remove particles, the average size of which is from 20 to 40 microns.

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