RU2796796C1 - Acoustic output device - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: acoustics; speakers.

SUBSTANCE: acoustic output device comprises an acoustic driver, a diaphragm, and a magnetic circuit, wherein the front side of the acoustic driver is formed on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the magnetic circuit structure, the rear side of the acoustic driver is formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure facing away from the diaphragm, and the diaphragm vibrates to cause sound radiation by the acoustic driver outward from the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver. The housing is designed so that one side of the front side and rear side of the acoustic exciter together with the housing structure forms a cavity and emits sound in the direction of the cavity, and the other side of the front side and rear side of the acoustic exciter does not form a cavity together with the housing structure and emits sound directly outward from the acoustic exit device without passing through the cavity.

EFFECT: reduced sound leakage.

9 cl, 25 dwg

Description

The technical field to which the invention belongs

The present disclosure relates to the field of acoustics and, in particular, relates to an acoustic output device.

State of the art

An open binaural acoustic output device is a portable acoustic output device that provides sound transmission within a specific range. Compared with traditional in-ear and over-ear headphones, the open binaural acoustic output device can have the characteristics of non-blocking and ear canal coverage, thereby allowing users to receive sound information from the environment while listening to music and improve safety and comfort. Due to the use of an open structure, sound leakage in an open binaural acoustic output device can be more severe than in traditional headphones. At present, it is common practice in the industry to locate a loudspeaker in an acoustic cavity, and the front side and back side of the acoustic cavity, respectively, are open to form a dipole, so that a certain sound field is formed with a certain directivity and that the sound pressure distribution could be adjusted to reduce sound leakage in the far field. Although the above method can achieve sound leakage reduction to a certain extent, it still has certain limitations. For example, an acoustic output device may have poor frequency response in the mid and high frequencies and in the bass region.

Therefore, it is desirable to provide an acoustic output device capable of simultaneously achieving the effects of increasing the listening volume of a user and reducing sound leakage.

Disclosure of the essence of the invention

The approach of the present disclosure is an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device may comprise an acoustic driver. The acoustic driver may include a diaphragm and a magnetic circuit structure. The front side of the acoustic driver may be formed on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the magnetic circuit structure. The rear side of the acoustic driver may be formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure facing away from the diaphragm. The diaphragm may vibrate to cause the acoustic driver to radiate sound outward from the front side and the rear side of the acoustic driver. The acoustic driver may further comprise a housing structure configured to carry the acoustic driver. One side of the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver, together with the housing structure, may form a cavity. The side of the acoustic driver forming the cavity may emit sound towards the cavity, and the other side of the acoustic driver may emit sound towards the outward direction of the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, the housing structure may include at least one sonic guide hole. Said at least one sound guide hole may be acoustically coupled to the cavity and direct sound emitted into the cavity by the acoustic driver outward from the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, said at least one sonic guide hole may be located near the center on the side of the housing structure facing the acoustic driver.

In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of said at least one sonic guide hole may be at least 0.25 mm ² .

In some embodiments, said at least one sound guide hole may be provided with a sound damping design.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the structure of the magnetic circuit may contain a magnetically conductive plate located opposite the diaphragm. The magnetic conductive plate may include at least one sonic guide hole. The at least one sound guide hole can direct the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm from the rear side of the acoustic driver to the outside of the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, the front side of the acoustic driver and the housing structure may form a cavity. The at least one sound guide hole can direct the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm from the rear side of the acoustic driver to the outside of the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the sonic guide tube may be located on the specified at least one sonic guide hole along the direction from the diaphragm. The sonic guide tube can direct sound emitted from said at least one sonic guide hole outward from the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, said at least one sonic guide hole may comprise a first hole section and a second hole section arranged in sequence from the inside out. The first hole section can penetrate the second hole section. The diameter of the second hole section may be larger than the diameter of the first hole section.

In some embodiments, the height of the cavity along the vibration direction of the diaphragm may be no more than 3 mm.

In some embodiments, the shape of the diaphragm may be flat or approximately flat.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be secured to the acoustic driver via a collapsible ring. The collapsible ring may be placed in the recess along the direction out of the cavity.

In some embodiments, the rear side of the acoustic driver and the housing structure may form a cavity. The front side of the acoustic exciter may be provided with a protective structure opposite the diaphragm.

In some embodiments, the protective structure may be configured to separate the diaphragm from the external environment and transmit the sound generated by the diaphragm to the outside.

In some embodiments, the protective structure may comprise a mesh filter structure.

In some embodiments, the protective structure may comprise a plate structure with at least one sonic guide hole.

In some embodiments, the cavity may direct sound out of the acoustic output device through the first sound guide hole. The non-cavity side of the acoustic driver can direct sound out of the acoustic output device through the second sound guide hole. The first sound guide hole and the second sound guide hole may have different acoustic impedances.

In some embodiments, the sound path from one side from the front side and back side of the higher amplitude acoustic driver to the ear may be shorter than the sound path from the other side from the front side and back side to the ear.

In some embodiments, one side of the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver with the higher amplitude of the high frequency response may face the auditory canal.

The approach of the present disclosure is an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device may comprise an acoustic driver. The acoustic driver may include a diaphragm and a magnetic circuit structure. The front side of the acoustic driver may be formed on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the magnetic circuit structure. The rear side of the acoustic driver may be formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure facing away from the diaphragm. The diaphragm may vibrate to cause the acoustic driver to radiate sound outwardly directly from the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver.

In some embodiments, the implementation of the structure of the magnetic circuit may contain a magnetically conductive plate located opposite the diaphragm. The magnetic conductive plate may include at least one sonic guide hole. Said at least one sound guide hole can direct the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm from the rear side of the acoustic driver to the outside of the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, the front side of the acoustic driver may be provided with a protective structure opposite the diaphragm. The protective structure may be connected to the magnetic circuit structure.

Brief description of the drawings

The present disclosure is further illustrated by exemplary embodiments. These exemplary embodiments are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are non-limiting exemplary embodiments in which the same reference numerals represent the same constructs.

Fig. 1 is an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 2 shows the frequency responses of the first sonic guide hole and the second sonic guide hole of the acoustic output device of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a point-to-point sound source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 4 illustrates far-field sound leaks of a single-point sound source and a two-point sound source, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 5 is a structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 6 shows the frequency responses of the front side and back side of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 7 is a structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 8 shows the frequency responses of the front side and back side of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 9 is a structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 10 shows frequency responses of an acoustic output device with various cavity volumes in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 11 illustrates diaphragm structures in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 12 is a frequency response of an acoustic output device with various sizes of sound guide holes, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 13 is a construction of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 14 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 15 shows the frequency responses of the front side and back side of an acoustic output device with different cavity volumes according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 16 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of an acoustic output device with various sizes of sound guide holes, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 17 shows position distributions of sonic guide holes corresponding to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 18 shows the frequency responses of the front side and back side of the acoustic driver with the sonic guide hole according to the location distribution shown in position (a) in FIG. 17;

fig. 19 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver with the sonic guide hole according to the location shown in position (a) in FIG. 17;

fig. 20 is a structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 21 is a structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 22 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of a non-cavity acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 23 illustrates methods of wearing an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 24 shows positional relationships between the front side and back side of an acoustic output device and a human head, in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure;

fig. 25 is a housing structure used as a baffle according to some embodiments of the present disclosure.

Implementation of the invention

In order to illustrate the technical solutions associated with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings referred to in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only examples or embodiments of the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art can apply the present disclosure to other similar scenarios corresponding to these drawings without much creative effort. Unless otherwise expressly follows from the context shown here, or from the context otherwise presented, the same reference numeral in the drawings corresponds to the same construction or operation.

It should be understood that the terms "system", "device", "unit" and/or "module" as used herein are one way of distinguishing various components, elements, parts, sections or assemblies of various levels in ascending order. However, if the same goal can be achieved by other words, these words may be replaced by such other expressions.

As used in the present disclosure and the appended claims, singular forms include plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In general, the terms "comprises", "comprising", "includes" and/or "comprising" only indicate that the steps and blocks that have been explicitly identified are included, the steps and blocks do not constitute an exclusive list, and the method or apparatus may comprise other steps or blocks.

The flowcharts used in this disclosure show the operations that systems implement in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. It should be understood that the previous operation or subsequent operation of the flowchart may not necessarily be implemented in exact order. Instead, each step can be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. In addition, other steps may be added to these procedures, or one or more steps may be removed from these procedures.

In FIG. 1 shows an exemplary structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 1, the acoustic output device 100 may comprise a housing structure 110 hollow inside and an acoustic driver 120 incorporated into the housing structure 110. Acoustic driver 120 may include a diaphragm 121 and a magnetic circuit structure 1220. Acoustic driver 120 may also include a voice coil (not shown). The voice coil may be mounted on the side of the diaphragm 121 facing the magnetic circuit structure 1220 and is located in the magnetic field generated by the magnetic circuit structure 1220. When the voice coil is energized, the voice coil can vibrate under the influence of the magnetic field and cause the diaphragm 121 to vibrate, thereby generating sound. For convenience of description, the side (i.e., the right side of the diaphragm 121 shown in FIG. 1) of the diaphragm 121 directed away from the magnetic circuit structure 1220 may be referred to as the front side of the acoustic driver 120, and the side (i.e., the left side of the magnetic circuit structure 1220 diagram shown in Fig. 1) of the structure 1220 of the magnetic circuit, directed away from the diaphragm 121, may be referred to as the back side of the acoustic driver 120. The diaphragm 121 can vibrate to cause the acoustic driver 120 to emit sound outward from the front side and from the rear side of the acoustic driver 120. As shown in FIG. 1, the front side of the acoustic driver 120 or diaphragm 121 may form the first cavity 111 with the body structure 110, and the rear side of the acoustic driver 120 may form the second cavity 112 with the body structure 110. The side of the acoustic driver 120 may emit sound towards the first cavity 111, and the rear side of the acoustic driver 120 may emit sound towards the second cavity 112. In some embodiments, the body structure 110 may include a first sound guide hole 113 and a second sound guide hole 114. the sound guide hole 113 may be associated with the first cavity 111, and the second sound guide hole 113 may be associated with the second cavity 112. on the rear side of the acoustic driver 120 may be transmitted outward through the second sound guide hole 114. In some embodiments, the magnetic circuit structure 1220 may include a magnetically conductive plate 1221 located opposite the diaphragm. At least one sound guide hole 1222 (also referred to as a pressure relief hole) may be located on the conductive plate 1221 and is used to direct the sound generated by the vibration of the diaphragm 121 from the rear side of the acoustic driver 120 out through the second cavity 112. or multi-point sound source) like a dipole structure can be formed by emitting sound from the first sound guide hole 113 and the second sound guide hole 114 of the acoustic output device 100 so that a specific sound field with a certain directivity can be generated. It should be noted that the acoustic output device in the embodiments of the present disclosure is not limited to the use of headphones, which may also be applied to other audio output devices (hearing aids, speakers, etc.).

In FIG. 2 shows the frequency responses of the first sound guide hole and the second sound guide hole of the acoustic output device of FIG. 1. As shown in FIG. 2, the first cavity 111 and the second cavity 112 located in the acoustic output device 100 can cause the sound emitted from the first sound guide hole 113 (sound guide hole 1 shown in FIG. 2) and the second sound guide hole 114 (sound guide holes 2 shown in Fig. 2) acoustic output device 100, to form a resonant peak at the middle frequency or medium-high frequency (for example, 2000 Hz - 4000 Hz), respectively. Degrees of attenuation in frequency characteristics after the resonant peak at the first sonic duct 113 and the second sonic duct 114 may be different (the frequency response at the second sonic duct 114 may fall off faster), which may result in poor frequency response (e.g., out of two sonic of the guide holes, sounds with a large amplitude difference may be emitted) at higher frequencies of the dipole-like structure formed by the acoustic output device 100. As a result, the sound leakage of the acoustic output device 100 in the far field cannot be suppressed well. Additionally, as shown in the curves shown in FIG. 2, the amplitude difference between the frequency responses of the first sound guide hole 113 and the second sound guide hole 114 at low frequencies (eg, below 500 Hz) may be small. Since the phases of the sounds emitted from the first sound guide hole 113 and the second sound guide hole 114 are opposite or approximately opposite, the low-frequency sound generated by the acoustic output device 100 at the listening position (for example, the human ear) may be attenuated due to the sound cancellation due to the opposite phases, thereby resulting in degraded bass response at the listening position.

In order to further enhance the audio output effect of the acoustic output device 100, the present disclosure provides another one or more acoustic output devices, each containing an acoustic driver. When the user wears the acoustic output device, the acoustic output device may be positioned on at least one side of the user's head, adjacent to but not obstructing the user's ear(s). The acoustic output device may be worn on the user's head (e.g., open-ear headphones worn with goggles, headband, or other constructive device) or worn on other parts of the body (e.g., neck/shoulder) or placed near the ears user through other means (such as the user can pin them). The acoustic output device may comprise an acoustic driver configured to generate sound and a housing structure configured to carry the acoustic driver. In some embodiments, one side of the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver, together with the housing structure, may form a cavity. The front side or back side of the acoustic driver may be located within the cavity or be acoustically coupled to the cavity. The cavity-forming side (if any) of the acoustic driver may emit sound towards the cavity. The sound can be transmitted to the outside through the sound guide hole of the body structure. The other side of the acoustic driver may emit sound in a direction directly outward of the acoustic output device. In some embodiments, one side of the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver, together with the housing structure, may form a cavity. The front side and back side of the acoustic driver can emit sound directly outward without passing through the cavity. It should be understood that the above method can effectively reduce the number of cavities formed by the housing structure on the two sides of the acoustic driver. In such cases, on the one hand, the size of the acoustic output device can be effectively reduced, and on the other hand, the effect of increasing the number of holes on the frequency characteristics of the sound output from the acoustic output device can be avoided.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output housing structure may be used as a baffle to separate the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver. On the one hand, a baffle may increase the difference in sound paths (i.e., the difference between the sound emitted from the front of the acoustic driver to the user's auditory canal and the sound emitted from the back of the acoustic driver to the user's auditory canal) between the sound path from front side of the acoustic driver to transmit sound to the user's ear, and by passing sound from the rear side of the acoustic driver to transmit sound to the user's ear, which can weaken the effect of sound cancellation, thereby increasing the volume of the sound (also referred to as near-field sound) audible by the user's ear(s) to provide a better hearing experience for the user. On the other hand, the baffle has little effect on the sound (also referred to as far-field sound) transmitted from the front side and back side of the acoustic driver. The sound emitted from the front side of the acoustic driver and the sound emitted from the rear side of the acoustic driver can still cancel each other in the far field, thus suppressing leakage of the acoustic output device to a certain extent. As a result, the sound generated by the acoustic output device can be prevented from being heard by others in the vicinity of the user.

Just for the purpose of description and for purposes of illustration, when the dimensions of the sound guide holes on an acoustic output device are small, each sound guide hole can be roughly considered as a point sound source. The sound pressure of a sound field generated by a single point sound source can be represented by equation (1) below:

- плотность воздуха, r - расстояние между целевой точкой и одноточечным источником звука, Q₀ - объемная скорость одноточечного источника звука, и k - волновое число. Звуковое давление в звуковом поле одноточечного источника звука может быть обратно пропорционально расстоянию между целевой точкой и одноточечным источником звука.where ω is the angular frequency,

is the air density, r is the distance between the target point and the single point sound source, Q ₀ is the volumetric velocity of the single point sound source, and k is the wavenumber. The sound pressure in the sound field of a single point sound source may be inversely proportional to the distance between the target point and the single point sound source.

As described above, the sound (ie, far-field sound leakage) emitted by the acoustic output device to the environment can be reduced by arranging two sound guide holes on the acoustic output device so as to form a two-point sound source. In some embodiments, sounds output from two sound guide holes, i.e., a two-point sound source, may have a certain phase difference. When positions, phase difference, etc. point-to-point sound source satisfies a certain condition, the acoustic output device can produce different near-field and far-field sound effects. For example, if the phases of the sound point sources corresponding to two sound guide holes are opposite, that is, the absolute value of the phase difference between the two sound point sources is 180 degrees, far-field sound leakage can be reduced according to the principle of compensating for anti-phase sound wave signals.

As shown in FIG. 3, the sound pressure p in the sound field generated by a two-point sound source can be represented by the following equation (2):

where A ₁ and A ₂ are the intensities of two point sound sources of a two-point sound source, respectively, ϕ ₁ and ϕ ₂ are the phases of two point sound sources of a two-point sound source, respectively, d is the distance between two point sound sources and r ₁ and r ₂ can be represented by equation (3) below:

where r is the distance between any target point in space and the center of the two-point sound source, and θ is the angle between the line connecting the target point and the center of the two-point sound source and another line on which the two-point sound source can be located.

According to equation (3), the sound pressure p at a target point in the sound field may refer to the intensity of each point sound source, the distance d, the phase of each point sound source, and the distance between the target point and the two-point sound source.

In FIG. 4 is a schematic representation of the far-field sound leakage of a single-point sound source and a two-point sound source according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 4, in the far field, when the distance between sources in a two-point sound source is constant, within a certain frequency range (for example, 100Hz - 8000Hz), the volume of sound leakage generated by a two-point sound source may be less than the sound leakage volume of a single-point source sound. That is, in a certain frequency range, the ability of a two-point sound source to reduce sound leakage may be higher than that of a single-point sound source. It should be noted that a sound source in such an environment may use a point sound source as an example, and the type of sound source is not limited. In other embodiments, the sound source may be a surface sound source.

In FIG. 5 is a schematic representation of the structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 5, the acoustic output device 500 may include a housing structure 510 and an acoustic driver 520 coupled to the housing structure 510.

In some embodiments, the body structure 510 may be used to be worn on a user's body and carry one or more acoustic drivers 520. In some embodiments, the body structure 510 may be a closed body structure having a hollow interior and one or more acoustic drivers 520 may be located within the housing structure 510.

In some embodiments, acoustic output device 500 may be worn on a user's body (eg, head, neck, or upper torso) using body structure 510. The housing structure 510 and the acoustic driver 520 may be adjacent to, but not obstruct the auditory canal so that the user's ear(s) can remain open. As a result, the user can hear not only the sound output from the acoustic output device 500, but also sounds from the outside environment. For example, the acoustic output device 500 may be positioned around or partially around the circumference of the user's ear(s). In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 500 may be combined with products such as glasses, headphones, head-mounted displays, AR/VR helmets, and the like. In such cases, the body structure 510 may be attached proximate to the user's ear(s) by hanging or clipping. In some alternative embodiments, the body structure 510 may be provided with a hook. The shape of the hook may match the shape of the pinna so that the acoustic output device 500 can be independently worn on the user's ear(s) using the hook. The independently wearable acoustic output device 500 can communicate with a signal source (eg, computer, mobile phone, or other mobile devices) either wired or wirelessly (eg, via Bluetooth). For example, the acoustic output device 500 on the left and right ears may be wirelessly connected directly to the signal source. As another example, acoustic output device 500 on the left and right ears may comprise a first output device and a second output device. The first output device can communicate with the signal source, and the second output device can wirelessly connect to the first output device. Audio playback by the first output device and the second output device may be synchronized using one or more clock signals. A wireless connection may include, but is not limited to, a connection via Bluetooth, local area network, wide area network, wireless personal area network, near field communication, and the like. or any combination of them.

In some embodiments, the housing structure 510 may be shaped to fit the human ear, such as round, oval, polygonal (regular or irregular), U-shaped, V-shaped, semi-circular, such that the housing structure 510 can be directly attached to the user's ear. . In some embodiments, the body structure 510 may also include one or more fastening structures. The attachment structure may include an ear holder, a headband, or an elastic band so that the acoustic output device 500 can be better secured to the user's body, thereby preventing the acoustic output device 500 from falling during use. Just by way of example, a rubber band can be a headband worn on the head by wrapping it around the head. As another example, the rubber band may be a collar band worn around the neck to wrap around the neck/shoulder area. In some embodiments, the rubber band may be a continuous band and resiliently pulled over the head to conform to the wearer's head. The rubber band may also exert pressure on the user's head so that the acoustic output device 500 can be firmly fixed in position on the user's head. In some embodiments, the rubber band may be a combination band. For example, a rubber band may have a rigid section and a flexible section. The rigid section may be made of a rigid material (eg, plastic or metal). The rigid section may be attached to the housing structure 510 of the acoustic output device 500 by a physical connection (eg, snap connection, screw connection, etc.). The flexible section may be made of a resilient material (eg, fabric, composite, and/or neoprene).

Acoustic driver 520 may be a component that can receive an electrical signal and convert the electrical signal into an audio signal for output. In some embodiments, differentiated by frequency, the acoustic driver 120 may comprise a low frequency acoustic driver (e.g., below 3 kHz), a mid-high frequency acoustic driver (e.g., 3 kHz - 7 kHz), a high frequency acoustic driver (e.g., above 7 kHz) or any combination of them. Of course, as used here, low frequency, high frequency, and the like. can only refer to a rough definition of frequency ranges. Frequency division methods can be applied in various application scenarios. For example, a crossover point may be determined. The frequency range below the crossover point may be considered low frequency, and the frequency range above the crossover point may be considered high frequency. The crossover point can be any value within the frequency range audible to the human ear, such as 500 Hz, 600 Hz, 700 Hz, 800 Hz, 1000 Hz, etc. In some embodiments differentiated according to the above principle, the acoustic driver 520 includes, but is not limited to, a moving coil acoustic driver, an electromagnetic acoustic driver, a piezoelectric acoustic driver, an electrostatic acoustic driver, a magnetostrictive acoustic driver, and the like.

Acoustic driver 520 may include a diaphragm 521 and a magnetic circuit structure 522. Diaphragm 521 and magnetic circuit structure 522 may be arranged in series along the direction of vibration of diaphragm 521. In some embodiments, diaphragm 521 may be mounted on a frame (not shown) and the frame may be mounted on magnetic circuit structure 522. Alternatively, the diaphragm 521 may be directly or fixedly connected to the side wall of the magnetic circuit structure 522. The front side of the acoustic driver 520 may be formed on the side of the diaphragm 521 away from the magnetic circuit structure 522, and the rear side of the acoustic driver 520 may be formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure 522 away from the diaphragm 521. The diaphragm 521 may vibrate to cause the acoustic driver 520 to emit sound out from the front side and from the rear side of the acoustic driver 520.

The front side of the acoustic driver 520, together with the housing structure 510, may form a cavity 511. The front side of the acoustic driver 520 may emit sound towards the cavity 511, and the rear side of the acoustic driver 520 may emit sound towards the outside of the acoustic output device 500. In some embodiments, one or more sound guide holes 512 may be located on the housing structure 510. Sound guide hole 512 may be acoustically coupled to cavity 511 and direct sound radiated into cavity 511 by the acoustic driver outward from acoustic output device 500. In some embodiments, magnetic circuit structure 522 may include a magnetically conductive plate 523 located opposite diaphragm 521. The magnetically conductive plate The 523 may be provided with one or more sonic guide holes 524 (also referred to as pressure relief holes). The sound guide hole 524 can direct the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm 521 from the rear side of the acoustic driver 520 to the outside of the acoustic output device 500. sound guide hole 512 and sound guide hole 524 may be considered opposite or approximately opposite. Therefore, the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 can form a two-point sound source, as shown in FIG. 3.

In some embodiments, diaphragm 521 may be embedded in the side wall of housing structure 510. For example, a mounting hole (not shown) may be located on the side wall of the housing structure 510. The end of the diaphragm 521 may be secured in the mounting hole so that an acoustic connection can be made between the front side of the acoustic driver 520 or the diaphragm and the cavity of the housing structure 510. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 521 side of the acoustic driver 520 may be housed in the housing structure 510 and a peripheral portion of the magnetic circuit structure 522 of the acoustic driver 520 may be coupled to the side wall of the housing structure 510 such that the diaphragm 521 may be located in the housing structure 510 and with the structure. 510 body to form a cavity511.

In FIG. 6 shows the frequency responses of the front side and back side of the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5. As shown in FIG. 6, the sound (curve corresponding to the "rear cavity" in FIG. 6) formed on the back side of the acoustic driver 520 is transmitted directly to the outside through the sound guide hole 524, which is different from the process in which the sound (curve corresponding to the "sound guide hole 1" in FIG. 6) formed by the front side of the acoustic driver 520 needs to pass through the cavity 511 and is transmitted outward through the sound guide hole 512, so that the resonant sound peak generated by the acoustic output device 500 in the sound guide hole 524 can be located on higher frequency (for example, 7 kHz - 8 kHz). In such cases, the frequency response before the resonant peak can be relatively flat over a larger frequency range, thereby improving the sonic output effect of the acoustic output device 500 at a high frequency. In combination with FIG. 1, fig. 2, fig. 5 and FIG. 6, in FIG. 2 shows the frequency response of the acoustic output device 100 shown in FIG. 1 in FIG. 6 shows the frequency response of the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 and the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 has one smaller cavity (eg, second cavity 112) than the acoustic device 100 shown in FIG. 1. Compared to the sound generated by the diaphragm 121 of the acoustic output device 100, the sound generated by the diaphragm 521 of the acoustic output device 500 cannot be associated with the cavity on the rear side of the acoustic driver 520, so the resonant peaks of the frequency characteristics at a high frequency corresponding to the sound guide hole 524 and sound guide hole 512 of the acoustic output device 500 may be located at higher frequencies (eg, 7 kHz - 8 kHz). Additionally, the frequency responses corresponding to the audio guide hole 524 and the audio guide hole 512 can be more compatible at high frequency. That is, at high frequency, the phases of the sounds at the sonic guide 524 and the sonic guide 512 may be opposite and the amplitudes of the sounds at the sonic guide 524 and at the sonic guide 512 may be more compatible. In the far field, the sounds from the front side and from the back side of the acoustic driver 520 can cancel each other out. In combination with the description mentioned above, at high frequency, the sound leakage reduction effect of the acoustic output device 500 relative to the acoustic output device 100 can be higher. Additionally, the frequency response before the resonant peak can be relatively flat over a larger frequency range, thereby improving the listening quality of the acoustic output device 500 at high frequency. In addition, based on the structure of the acoustic output device 500, the frequency responses of the acoustic driver 520 at the audio port 512 and the audio port 524 can be very close in the mid-high frequency range (eg, 3 kHz - 7 kHz). That is, the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 520 and the frequency response corresponding to the back side of the acoustic driver 520 can be very close in the mid-high frequency range. Therefore, the phases of the sounds emitted from the front side and from the rear side of the acoustic driver 520 may be opposite or approximately opposite. In the far field, the sounds emitted from the front side and the rear side of the acoustic driver 520 can cancel each other out, so the sound leakage of the acoustic output device 500 in the mid-high frequency range can be significantly reduced.

In the low frequency range (e.g., below 3 kHz), the amplitude of the frequency response (curve corresponding to "sonic guide hole 1" in FIG. 6) corresponding to sound guide hole 512 may be greater than the amplitude of the frequency response (curve corresponding to "rear cavity" in FIG. 6) corresponding to the sound guide hole 524. Therefore, in the near field, the amplitude of the sound emitted by the sound guide hole 512 to the ear(s) of the user may be greater than the amplitude of the sound emitted by the sound guide hole 524 to the ear ( ears) of the user. The effect of mutual compensation of out-of-phase sounds may be weak, which increases the listening volume at the listening position (ie, near the user's ear) at a low frequency. Alternatively, when the sound guide hole 512 is facing or near the user's ear(s), the difference between the amplitude of the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 512 to the user's ear(s) and the amplitude of the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 524 to the ear( ears) of the user can be further increased and the effect of mutual compensation of out-of-phase sounds can be further weakened. Therefore, the listening volume at the low frequency listening position may be higher. In the far field, since the human ear is insensitive to low frequency, although the amplitudes of the sounds emitted from the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 are different, the sound leakage perceived by the human ear may increase slightly.

In the high frequency range (above 7 kHz), the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sonic guide hole 512 may be significantly larger than the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sonic guide hole 524. The acoustic output device 500 may have high directivity at higher frequencies. Therefore, sound directivity at a high frequency can be used to achieve the effect of increasing the listening volume in the near field and reducing the sound leakage volume in the far field. The wavelength of the sound at high frequency may be shorter than at medium frequency and at low frequency, so the sound at high frequency may have a high directivity, which indicates that the volume in the direction in which the high frequency sound is directed may be higher, and the volume in other directions may be lower. For example, when the user wears the acoustic output device 500, the sound guide hole may be closer to the auditory canal and the sound guide hole 524 may face away from the ear canal. At high frequency, since the sound at the sound guide hole 524 is not directed into the auditory canal by suppressing the high frequency sound emitted by the sound guide hole 524, the frequency response at the high frequency of the sound guide hole 524 can be as low as possible. When the high-frequency sound generated at the sound guide hole 512 is directed into the ear canal, the high-frequency sound heard by the ear(s) may be relatively loud, and the sound in other directions may be relatively quiet (that is, the sound leakage volume of the sound guide hole 524 may be small). Therefore, the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole 512 can be significantly larger than the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole 524, so that the listening volume of the acoustic output device 500 in the near field can increase, and the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device 500 in far field can be reduced. It should be noted that the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole 512 in the embodiments mentioned above can be considered as the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 520, and the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide 524 can be considered as the frequency response corresponding to the back side. side of the acoustic exciter 520.

In FIG. 7 shows the structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 7, in some embodiments, the sonic pilot hole 524 may include a first hole portion 5241 and a second hole portion 5242 arranged sequentially from the inside out. The first hole section 5241 can penetrate the second hole section 5242. The diameter of the second hole section 5242 may be larger than the diameter of the first hole section 5241. For example, when both the first hole portion 5241 and the second hole portion 5242 are both round, the diameter of the second hole portion 5242 may be larger than the diameter of the first hole portion 5241. It should be noted that the shapes of the first hole portion 5241 and the second portion 5242 of the sound guide hole 524 described above are not limited to a round shape. the shapes may also be semi-circular, quarter-circular, elliptical, semi-elliptical, polygonal, and the like, but are not further limited here.

It should be noted that the location of the first hole portion 5241 and the second hole portion 5242 at the location of the sound guide hole 524 can adjust the frequency response of the sound (that is, the sound radiated outward from the sound guide hole 524) emitted from the rear side of the acoustic driver 520. In some alternative embodiments, the sonic guide hole 524 may be a hole whose cross-sectional area gradually increases or decreases from the inside out. In some embodiments, a plurality of sound guide holes 524 may be located on the rear side of the acoustic driver 520. Other sound guide holes 524 may have the same or different design exposures.

In FIG. 8 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic output device shown in FIG. 7. As shown in FIG. 8, in the mid-high frequency range (e.g., 5 kHz - 6 kHz), the frequency response (curve corresponding to "sonic guide hole 1" in FIG. in Fig. 8) on the sound guide hole 524 can be very close. Therefore, the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 can be considered as a two-point sound source with the same amplitudes. Since the phases of the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 512 and the phase of the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 524 can be reversed, the sound leakage of the far-field acoustic output device in the mid-high frequency range can be significantly reduced. In the high frequency range (e.g., 7 kHz - 9 kHz), since the amplitude of the frequency response at the audio guide hole 512 is larger than the amplitude of the frequency response at the audio guide hole 524, the directivity of the sound in the high frequency range can be used to increase the listening volume in the near field. and reducing the volume of the far-field leakage sound.

In some embodiments, the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 512 and the sonic guide hole 524 can be adjusted by changing the structure, size, shape, position, and the like. the sound guide hole 524 and/or the sound guide hole 512, thereby improving the acoustic output effect of the acoustic output device. When the sizes or positions of the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 are changed, the changes in the frequency characteristics of the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 may be as shown in FIG. 12, 17, 18 and in the accompanying description.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 19, the sonic guide tube 525 may be provided on the sonic guide hole 524. The sonic guide tube 525 may be disposed along a direction away from the diaphragm. That is, the sound guide tube 525 can direct the sound from the sound guide hole 524 to the outside of the acoustic output device. The sound guide tube 525 can direct the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 524 to the outside of the acoustic output device. In some embodiments, the sonic guide tube 525 on the sonic guide hole 524 may adjust the frequency response of the sound (i.e., the sound radiated outward by the sonic guide hole 524) radiated from the rear side of the acoustic driver 520. For example, the corresponding frequency response of the sonic guide tube 525 may be adjusted by changing the diameter of the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide tube. In some embodiments, the sonic guide tube 525 may be a straight tube or have a structure with increasing cross-sectional area along a direction away from the diaphragm 521.

In FIG. 10 shows the frequency response of the acoustic output device shown in FIG. 9, with different cavity volumes. In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of the high frequency acoustic output device can be improved by adjusting the volume of cavity 511. As shown in FIG. 9 and 10, decreasing the volume of cavity 511 (the "front cavity" of FIG. 10) may further change the position of the resonant peak in frequency on the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 512. For ease of description, in embodiments of the present disclosure, the volume of the cavity may approximately considered as proportional to the product of the area of the diaphragm and the effective height h of the cavity. The effective height h may be referred to as the height of the cavity 511 along the direction of vibration of the diaphragm 521. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 3 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 2 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 1 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 0.5 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 0.4 mm. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 511, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 512 may be at least 3 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 511, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 512 may be at least 5 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 511, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 512 may be at least 7 kHz.

The shape of the diaphragm can influence the volume of the cavity. Since the diaphragm of an acoustic driver has a certain vibration amplitude when vibrated, it is necessary to reserve a certain space for vibration, while at the same time providing a small volume of the cavity, so that when the diaphragm vibrates, it prevents it from colliding with the body structure, which can cause cracked voice reproduction. Therefore, the gap between the top (ie, the end surface of the diaphragm facing the cavity) of the diaphragm and the inner wall of the cavity facing the diaphragm may be greater than the vibration amplitude of the diaphragm.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be a spherical diaphragm or a conical diaphragm. As shown at (a) in FIG. 11, when the diaphragm is a spherical diaphragm or a conical diaphragm, since the top of the diaphragm 110 and the bulge of the pleated ring 1111 are higher than the other parts of the diaphragm 1110 (i.e., the top of the diaphragm 1110 is closer to the inner wall of the cavity), the cavity may need to have additional volume, to prevent the top of diaphragm 1110 from colliding with the inner wall of the cavity. In some embodiments, the diaphragm may be a flat diaphragm. In embodiments of the present disclosure, a flat diaphragm may refer to a diaphragm whose shape is flat or approximately flat. As shown at (b) in FIG. 11, when the diaphragm is a flat diaphragm 1120, compared to a spherical diaphragm or a conical diaphragm, the distance between the flat diaphragm 1120 and the inner wall of the cavity opposite the flat diaphragm 1120 can be smaller, thereby reducing the volume of the cavity. However, since the collapsible ring 1121 protrudes outward from the flat diaphragm 1120, it may be necessary to maintain a certain distance between the flat diaphragm 1120 and the inner wall of the cavity opposite the flat diaphragm 1120. As shown at position (c) in FIG. 11, in some embodiments, to further reduce the distance between the diaphragm 1130 and the interior wall of the cavity, the collapsible ring 1131 of the diaphragm 1130 may be recessed along the direction out of the cavity. The inner cavity of the body structure may not need a spare space for the folding ring 1131, thereby reducing the volume of the cavity. As a result, the position of the high-frequency resonance peak of the sound guide hole on the cavity can be located at a higher frequency position, thereby improving the acoustic output effect of the acoustic output device.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of the acoustic output device at high frequency can be improved by adjusting the size of the sound guide hole (eg, sound guide hole 512). As shown in FIG. 12, the larger the size of the sonic guide hole can be, the farther the position of the resonant peak can be in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 0.25 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 0.5 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 1 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 2 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 4 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 7 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 10 mm ² . In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 3 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 4 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 5 kHz.

As shown in FIG. 6, when the frequency is less than 3 kHz, the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole on the front side of the acoustic driver may be higher than the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole (for example, a pressure relief hole) on the rear side of the acoustic driver. Therefore, when the frequency is less than 3 kHz, the far-field mutual compensation effect of the sound emitted from the sound guide hole on the front side of the acoustic driver and the sound emitted from the sound guide hole on the back side of the acoustic driver may be weakened, and the sound leakage of the acoustic output device may be relatively more. In some embodiments, assuming that the human ear is less sensitive to sound leakage in the frequency range below 500 Hz, acoustic output device sound leakage can be further reduced only in the 500 Hz - 3 kHz frequency range. Taking acoustic output device 500 as an example for illustration, in some embodiments, by increasing the size and/or number of sound guide holes 524, the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to sound guide hole 524 can be increased. As a result, the difference between the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole 512 and the frequency response corresponding to the sound guide hole 524 of the acoustic output device in the frequency range of 500 Hz to 3 kHz can be reduced. When the frequency responses corresponding to the sound guide hole 512 and the sound guide hole 524 are sufficiently close, the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 512 and the sound emitted from the sound guide hole 524 can be in reverse phase and cancel each other out so that the sound leakage volume acoustic output device in the frequency range could be reduced. In some embodiments, the impedances of the sonic guide hole 512 and the sonic guide hole 524 of the acoustic output device can be adjusted to reduce the sound leakage of the acoustic output device in the mid-high frequency range (eg, 500 Hz - 3 kHz). For example, a sound dampening structure (e.g., a tuning grid structure, a tuning cotton, a sound guide tube, etc.) may be located on the sound guide hole 512 and/or the sound guide hole 524 to adjust the amplitude of the respective frequency response of the two sound guides. holes so that the sound leakage volume of the acoustic output device at mid-high frequencies can be reduced. Specifically, referring to the frequency responses corresponding to the sound guide holes shown in FIG. 6, a high impedance damper structure may be disposed on the sound guide hole 512, and no damper structure or low impedance damper structure may be disposed on the sound guide hole 524, resulting in the frequency response corresponding to the two sound guides holes, in the range of medium-high frequencies can converge.

In some embodiments, the location of the cavity of the acoustic output device may not be limited to the front side of the acoustic driver described above. In FIG. 13 shows the structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 13, the acoustic output device 1300 may include a housing structure 1310 and an acoustic driver 1320 coupled to the housing structure 1310. Acoustic driver 1320 may include a diaphragm 1321 and a magnetic circuit structure 1322. Diaphragm 1321 and magnetic circuit structure 1322 may be arranged in series along the direction of vibration of diaphragm 1321. In some embodiments, diaphragm 1321 may be mounted on a frame (not shown) and the frame may be mounted on magnetic circuit structure 1322. Alternatively, the diaphragm 1321 may be directly or rigidly connected to the side wall of the magnetic circuit structure 1322. The front side of the acoustic driver 1320 may be formed on the side of the diaphragm 1321 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure. The rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 may be formed on the side of the diaphragm 1321 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure. The diaphragm may vibrate to cause the acoustic driver 1320 to radiate sound outward from the front side and the rear side of the acoustic driver 120. The back side of the acoustic driver 1320, together with the housing structure 1310, can form a cavity 1311. The back side of the acoustic driver can emit sound towards the cavity 1311, and the front side of the acoustic driver may radiate sound in a direction directly outward of the acoustic output device 1300. In some embodiments, the conductive plate 1323 is positioned against the diaphragm 1321. The conductive plate 1323 may be provided with one or more sound guide holes 1324 (also referred to as pressure relief holes) . Sound guide hole 1324 may direct sound generated by vibration of diaphragm 1321 from the rear side of acoustic driver 1320 to cavity 1311. In some embodiments, housing structure 1310 may be configured with one or more sound guide holes 1312. Sound guide hole 1312 may be coupled to cavity 1311 and direct sound emitted into cavity 1311 by acoustic driver 1320 outward from acoustic output device 1300. be opposite or nearly opposite. Therefore, the front side of the diaphragm 1321 and the sound guide hole 1324 can form a two-point sound source as shown in FIG. 3.

In some embodiments, the diaphragm 1321 may be embedded in the side wall of the housing structure 131 and the sound generated on the front side of the diaphragm 1321 may be directly transmitted to the outside. For example, a mounting hole (not shown) may be located on the side wall of the housing structure 1310 and a diaphragm 1321 may be located on the mounting hole. In some embodiments, diaphragm 1321 cannot be located on housing structure 1310. For example, the side of the acoustic driver 1320 with the diaphragm 1321 may protrude or be recessed inward relative to the housing structure 1310, and the acoustic driver 1320 may be rigidly coupled to the housing structure 1310 via the magnetic circuit structure 1322.

In FIG. 14 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 14 in the frequency range of 100 Hz to 10 kHz, compared with the acoustic output device 100, for the acoustic output device 1300 disclosed in the present disclosure, the matching of the frequency characteristics corresponding to the front side and back side of the acoustic driver can be significantly improved. In such cases, since the phases of the sounds emitted from the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver may be opposite or approximately opposite, the sounds emitted from the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver 1320 can cancel each other out in the far field, thereby improving the leakage reduction effect. the sound of the acoustic output device 1300 over the entire frequency range.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of acoustic output device 1300 at high frequency can be improved by adjusting the volume of cavity 1311. As shown in FIG. 15, in the mid-high frequency range (for example, 3 kHz - 7 kHz), when the volume of the cavity 1311 (also referred to here as the rear cavity) is small ("small volume of the rear cavity - front side", as shown in Fig. 15) , the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 may be relatively flat compared to the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 when the volume of the cavity 1311 is large ("large volume of the rear cavity - front side", as shown in Fig. 15 ). That is, the smaller the volume of the cavity 1311 can be, the better the frequency response of the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 in the mid-high frequency range can be. In addition, when the volume of the cavity 1311 is small ("small volume of the back cavity - back side", as shown in Fig. 15), the frequency response corresponding to the back side of the acoustic driver 1320 may have a higher resonant peak position than the frequency response corresponding to the back side. side of the acoustic driver 1320 when the volume of the cavity 1311 is large ("large volume of the back cavity - rear side", as shown in Fig. 15). That is, the smaller the volume of the cavity 1311 can be, the farther the frequency of the resonant peak corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 can be.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of acoustic output device 1300 at high frequency can be improved by adjusting the effective height of the cavity 1311. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity can be no greater than 3 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 2 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 1 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 0.5 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be greater than 0.4 mm. In some embodiments, the effective height h of the cavity may be no greater than 0.2 mm. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 1311, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 1312 may be at least 2.5 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 1311, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 1312 may be at least 5 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 1311, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 1312 may be at least 7 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the volume of the cavity 1311, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole 1312 may be at least 10 kHz. For details regarding cavity volume and effective height h, see FIG. 10 and to the accompanying content of the description of the present disclosure.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of the high frequency acoustic output device can be improved by adjusting the size of the audio guide hole 1312. As shown in FIG. 16, in the mid-high frequency range (for example, 3 kHz - 7 kHz), when the size of the sonic guide hole 1312 is large ("big sonic guide hole - front" as shown in Fig. 16), the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 may be relatively flat compared to the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 when the size of the sound guide hole 1312 is small ("small sound guide hole - front side" as shown in FIG. 16). That is, the larger the size of the sound guide hole 1312 can be, the better the frequency response of the front side of the acoustic driver 1320 in the mid-high frequency range can be. In addition, when the size of the sonic guide hole 1312 is large ("big sonic guide hole - rear side" as shown in Fig. 16), the frequency response corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 may have a higher resonant peak position than the frequency response corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 when the size of the sound guide hole 1312 is small ("small sound guide hole - back side" as shown in FIG. 16). That is, the larger the size of the sound guide hole 1312 can be, the further the frequency of the resonant peak corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 can be, and the better the frequency response of the acoustic output device in the mid-high frequency range can be. In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 0.25 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 0.5 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 1 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 2 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 4 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 7 mm ² . In some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole may be at least 10 mm ² . In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 3 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 4 kHz. In some embodiments, by adjusting the cross-sectional area of the sonic guide hole, the frequency of the resonant peak in the frequency response of the sonic guide hole may be at least 5 kHz.

In some embodiments, the acoustic output effect of the high frequency acoustic output device can be improved by adjusting the position of the sonic guide hole 1312. In some embodiments, the sonic guide hole may be located near the center of a side wall (referred to as the front side wall of the body structure for short) of the body structure. opposite the front side or back side of the acoustic exciter. When the sound guide hole is near the center of the front side wall of the cabinet structure, the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver 1320 can have a high degree of match. In such cases, since the phases of the sounds emitted from the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver 1320 may be opposite or approximately opposite, the sounds emitted from the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver 1320 can cancel each other out in the far field, thereby improving the reduction effect. sound leakage from the acoustic output device 1300 over the entire frequency range. In FIG. 17 schematically shows the position distributions of the sonic guide hole according to some embodiments of the present disclosure; The sonic guide hole 1701 at (a) in FIG. 17 may be located far from the center of the front side wall of the housing structure. Sound guide hole 1702 at position (b) in FIG. 17 may be close to the center of the front side wall of the housing structure. In FIG. 18 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of an acoustic driver with a sonic guide hole corresponding to the distribution of positions shown in position (a) in FIG. 17. In FIG. 19 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of an acoustic driver with a sonic guide hole corresponding to the distribution of positions shown in position (b) in FIG. 17. As shown in FIG. 18, in the mid-high or high frequency range (for example, 3 kHz - 10 kHz), when the sound guide hole 1701 is away from the center of the front side wall of the housing structure, the frequency response of the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver may be very different, which may cause a large sound leakage of the acoustic output device in the frequency range. As shown in FIG. 19, in the range of 100 Hz - 10 kHz, when the sound guide hole 1702 is near the center of the side wall of the housing structure, the frequency responses of the front side and back side of the acoustic driver can have a high degree of match. In such cases, in the far field, the sounds emitted by the front side and the back side of the acoustic driver can cancel each other out, thereby improving the sound leakage reduction effect of the acoustic output device in the frequency range. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the number of sound guide holes 1701 and sound guide holes 1702 may not be limited to one and may be two, three, or more. side wall of the housing structure, or all of them may be located away from the center of the side wall of the housing structure, or part of these sound guide holes may be located near the center of the side wall of the housing structure, and the other part may be located away from the center of the side wall of the housing structure. In addition, the shapes of the sonic guide hole 1701 and the sonic guide hole 1702 may not be limited to a circle, as in FIG. 17, and may also be a semicircle, an ellipse, and the like. Those skilled in the art can make adaptive adjustments to the number and shape of the sonic guide hole 1701 and sonic guide hole 1702 according to specific circumstances, which are not further limited here. The application scenario in which the sound guide holes are near the center of the front side wall of the cabinet structure is not only limited to the acoustic output device 1300 shown in FIG. 13, but also applies to acoustic output devices in other embodiments of the present disclosure, such as the acoustic output devices shown in FIG. 1, fig. 5, fig. 7 and FIG. 9.

In some embodiments, referring to the respective frequency responses of the front side and back side of the acoustic driver shown in FIG. 14, the impedance of the sonic guide hole 1312 of the acoustic output device may be adjusted (for example, a damper structure with a certain impedance may be located in the sonic guide hole 1312) to make the respective frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic driver closer in a certain frequency region (e.g. , 500 Hz - 3 kHz), thereby reducing the sound leakage of the acoustic output device in this frequency range. For example, a sound damper structure (e.g., tuning grid, tuning clap, sound guide tube, etc.) may be located on the sound guide hole 1312 to reduce the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver, so that the amplitude of the frequency response, corresponding to the rear side of the acoustic driver, could be closer to or equal to the amplitude of the frequency response corresponding to the front side of the acoustic driver.

In FIG. 20 is a schematic representation of the structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The structure of the acoustic output device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 is similar to the acoustic output device 1300 shown in FIG. FIG. 13 and the accompanying description. The difference between the acoustic output device 2000 shown in FIG. 20 and acoustic output device 1300 shown in FIG. 13 is that, in some embodiments, a protective structure 2030 may be installed on the outside of the diaphragm 2021 to protect the diaphragm 2021. The protective structure 2030 may be rigidly connected to the body structure 2010. In some embodiments, the protective structure 2030 may be a structure that allows the sound generated on the front side of the diaphragm 2021 to be transmitted to the outside. For example, the protective structure 2030 may be a mesh filter structure. As another example, the protective structure 2030 may be a plate structure with holes. In some embodiments, there may be a certain distance between the protective structure 2030 and the front side of the diaphragm 2021. The distance may prevent the diaphragm 2021 from colliding with the protective structure during the vibration process. For details on the type and structure of diaphragm 2021, refer to the diaphragm shown in FIG. 11 of this disclosure, the description of which is not repeated here.

In FIG. 21 is a schematic representation of the structure of an acoustic output device in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The difference between the acoustic output device 2100 shown in FIG. 21 and the acoustic output device 500 shown in FIG. 5 or acoustic output device 1300 shown in FIG. 13 is that the acoustic output device 2000 shown in FIG. 21 does not include the cavity formed by the housing structure and the acoustic driver. As shown in FIG. 21, the acoustic output device 2100 may include an acoustic driver 2110. The acoustic driver 2110 may include a diaphragm 2121 and a magnetic circuit structure 2122. The diaphragm 2121 and the magnetic circuit structure 2122 may be arranged in series along the direction of vibration of the diaphragm 2121. In some embodiments, the diaphragm 2121 may be mounted on a frame (not shown) and the frame may be mounted on the magnetic circuit structure 2122. Alternatively, the diaphragm 2121 may be directly or permanently connected to the side wall of the magnetic circuit structure 2122. The front side of the acoustic driver 2110 may be formed on the side of the diaphragm 2121 facing away from the magnetic circuit structure 2122. The rear side of the acoustic driver 2110 may be formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure 2122 in a direction away from the diaphragm 2121. The diaphragm 2121 may vibrate to cause the acoustic driver 2110 to emit sound outward from the front side and the rear side of the acoustic driver 2110. The front side of the acoustic driver 2110 may emit the sound is directed directly outward. The magnetic conductive plate 2123 of the magnetic circuit structure 2122 may be provided with one or more sound guide holes 2124. The sound guide hole 2124 can directly guide the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm 2121 from the rear side of the acoustic driver 2110 to the outside. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 2100 may further comprise a guard structure 2130. The guard structure 2130 may be rigidly coupled to the magnetic circuit structure 2122. Details of the protective structure 2130 can be found in the description of the protective structure 2030 above. In some cases, the phase of the sound directed from the sound guide hole 2124 and the phase of the sound emitted by the front side of the diaphragm 2121 may be opposite or approximately opposite. Therefore, the sound guide hole 2124 and the front side of the diaphragm 2121 can form a two-point sound source, as shown in FIG. 3.

In FIG. 22 shows the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic output device 2100 shown in FIG. 21 of this disclosure. As shown in FIG. 22, when the acoustic output device 2100 does not contain the cavity formed by the body structure and the acoustic driver, the frequency response resonant peaks output by the acoustic output device 2100 (the front side and back side of the acoustic driver 2110) at high frequency can all be located at a higher frequency ( e.g. above 6 kHz). In the high frequency range above 10 kHz, the acoustic output device 2100 can generate a certain sound field in a certain direction. High frequency sound directivity can be used to achieve the effect of increasing the listening volume in the near field and reducing the volume of sound leakage in the far field. In the mid-high frequency range (eg, 3 kHz - 7 kHz), the frequency responses of the front side and rear side of the acoustic output device 2100 can be very close. Since the phases of the sounds emitted from the front side and the rear side of the acoustic output device 2100 are opposite, the sound leakage of the acoustic output device 2100 in the frequency range can be significantly reduced. In the low frequency range (e.g., below 3 kHz), although the frequencies of the front side and back side of the acoustic output device 2100 are somewhat different because the human ear is insensitive to low frequency sound leakage, it may not be necessary to reduce far field sound leakage in this range. frequencies. Alternatively, a high impedance damping structure may be placed on the diaphragm 2121 and no damping structure or low impedance damping structure may be placed on the sound guide hole 2124 so that the frequency responses of the front side and back side of the acoustic driver 2110 can be closer together. in the mid-low frequency range. Regarding the effect of using high frequency sound directivity to achieve the effect of high listening volume in the near field and low sound leakage in the far field in this embodiment, refer to FIG. 5 and the corresponding descriptions of this disclosure.

In some embodiments, when the user is wearing the acoustic output device, the position of the acoustic output device when worn may be the upper half of the user's torso. For example, the wearing position may be on the head near the ears. As shown in FIG. 23, the rectangular design i in FIG. 23 is an acoustic output device. As shown at (a) and (b) in FIG. 23, the sound output location (eg, sound guide hole, pressure relief hole, or diaphragm) of the acoustic output device may be inside or outside a vector plane projection (eg, pinna cavity) of the pinna. As shown at (c) and (d) in FIG. 23, the acoustic output device can be hung above the auditory canal with an appropriate structure (eg, a hook) without blocking the auditory canal.

In some embodiments, in order to improve the acoustic output effect of the acoustic output device, the acoustic output housing structure may be used as a baffle, thereby increasing the volume of sound at the listening position but not increasing the volume of sound leakage in the far field. As shown in FIG. 24, the sound outlet position 2410 on the front side of the acoustic output device 2400 and the sound outlet position 2420 (e.g., sound guide hole, pressure relief hole, or diaphragm) on the rear side of the acoustic output device 2400 (e.g., acoustic driver) may be located on opposite sides. acoustic exit device 2400 and be separated by a casing (eg, casing structure) of the acoustic exit device 2400 so that the casing of the acoustic exit device 2400 can be used as a baffle. In some embodiments, the sound path from one side (e.g., the "sound guide hole 1" side of FIG. 8, the front side of the acoustic driver in FIG. 18) of the front side and rear side of the higher amplitude acoustic output device 2400 high frequency response to the ear may be shorter than the sound path from the other side of the front side and back side to the ear. In some embodiments, the front side and back side of the acoustic output device 2400 with the higher amplitude of the high frequency response may face the auditory canal.

The principle of using the housing structure of the acoustic output device as a partition is shown in Fig. 25. In the near field, a "baffle" (eg, cabinet structure) can increase the sound path from the sound source A ₂ distant from the listening position to the listening position, so that the intensity of the out-of-phase sound wave reaching the listening position of the sound source A ₂ can be weakened. In such cases, the degree of interference compensation at the listening position of the sounds emitted by the sound source A ₁ and the sound source A ₂ can be reduced, thereby increasing the volume at the listening position. In the far field, a "baffle" (eg, cabinet design) may have little effect on the sound paths of sound source A ₁ and sound source A ₂ , so far-field sound leakage may largely remain unchanged.

Thus, once familiar with the basic concepts, it may be fairly obvious to those skilled in the art upon reading this detailed disclosure that the foregoing detailed disclosure is intended to be by way of example only and does not create limitations. Although not explicitly stated here, various modifications, improvements, and additions to the present disclosure may be made by those skilled in the art. These changes, improvements and modifications are intended to be offered by this disclosure and are within the spirit and scope of protection of the exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure.

In addition, certain terminology has been used to describe embodiments of the present disclosure. For example, the terms “one embodiment,” “an embodiment,” and/or “some embodiments” mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with an embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is emphasized and should be understood that two or more references to “an embodiment” or “one embodiment” or “alternative embodiment” in various parts of this specification do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment. In addition, these particular features, structures, or characteristics in the present disclosure of one or more embodiments may be appropriately combined.

Additionally, those skilled in the art should understand that the approaches used in the present disclosure may be explained and described herein in any of a variety of patentable classes or context, containing any new and useful process, machine, manufacture, or composition of matter, or any new and useful their improvement. Accordingly, all approaches of the present disclosure may be implemented entirely in hardware, implemented entirely in software (including firmware, resident software, microcode, etc.), or may be implemented by a combination of hardware and software. The above-mentioned hardware or software may be referred to as a "data block", "module", "mechanism", "unit", "component", or "system". Additionally, the approaches used in the present disclosure may take the form of a computer program product located on one or more computer-readable media, said product containing a computer-readable control program.

The computer storage media may comprise a transmission data signal containing a computer control program, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. The propagating signal may have numerous manifestations, including electromagnetic form, optical form, etc., or appropriate combinations thereof. A computer storage medium can be any computer-readable medium other than a computer-readable storage medium, and the medium can be coupled with instructions to execute a device, or such device, that is capable of communicating, distributing, or transmitting a program for use. A program encoded on a computer storage medium may be distributed via any suitable medium, including radio, cable, fiber optic cable, radio frequency signal, or similar medium, or any combination of the aforementioned media.

A computer control program for performing the operations of the approaches of this disclosure may be written in any combination of one or more programming languages, including an object-oriented programming language such as Java, Scala, Smalltalk, Eiffel, JADE, Emerald, C++, C#, VB. NET, Python, etc., traditional procedural programming languages such as the "C" programming language, Visual Basic, Fortran 2003, Perl, COBOL 2002, PHP, ABAP, dynamic programming languages such as Python, Ruby and Groovy or others programming languages. The control program may be executed entirely on the user's computer, partially on the user's computer as a stand-alone software package, partially on the user's computer, and partially on a remote computer, or entirely on a remote computer or server. In the latter scenario, the remote computer may be connected to the user's computer through any type of network, including a local area network (LAN) or a wide area network (WAN), or may be connected to an external computer (for example, over the Internet using ISP) or in a cloud computing environment or be offered as a service such as Software as a Service (SaaS).

In addition, unless the claims expressly state otherwise, the order of elements and processing sequences, the use of numbers and letters, or the use of other names in this disclosure to limit the order of procedures and methods of this disclosure are not used. While the above disclosure is discussed through various examples, which are now considered to be a variety of useful embodiments of the disclosure, it should be understood that such details are for that purpose only and that the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments, but rather are intended to cover modifications. and equivalent structures that are within the spirit and protection scope of the disclosed embodiments. For example, while the implementation of the various components described above may be implemented in a hardware device, it may also be implemented as a purely software solution, such as installation on an existing server or on a mobile device.

Likewise, it should be understood that in the above description of embodiments of the present disclosure, various features are sometimes grouped together in a single embodiment, drawing, or description thereof for the purpose of making the disclosure of one or more of the various embodiments easier to understand. However, this disclosure does not mean that the present subject matter of the disclosure requires more features than the features mentioned in the claims. Rather, the claimed subject matter may be present in less than all features of the single disclosed embodiment presented above.

In some embodiments, numbers expressing quantities of components, properties, etc. used to describe and claim certain embodiments of the application are to be understood as being modified in some instances by the term "about", "approximately", or "substantially". Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately", or "substantially" may indicate a deviation of ±20% from the described value. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the implementation of the numerical parameters used in the description and claims as approximate values may vary in accordance with the characteristics required for individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the implementation of the numeric parameter must recognize the prescribed effective digits and and accept the general method of digital storage. While in some embodiments, the numerical fields and parameters used to confirm the degree of breadth of their range are approximate values, such numerical values within the available range are set as accurate as possible.

Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials cited herein, such as articles, books, instructions, publications, documents, etc., are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. Archival application documents that are inconsistent or conflicting with the contents of this disclosure are excluded, and documents (now or later annexed to this disclosure) that limit the broadest scope of protection of this disclosure are also excluded. It should be noted that if there is any inconsistency or conflict between the description, definition and/or terminology in the accompanying materials of this disclosure and the content described in this disclosure, the description, definition and/or terminology of this disclosure shall prevail.

Finally, it is to be understood that the embodiments described in the present disclosure are merely illustrative of the principles of the embodiments of the present disclosure. Other modifications that may be used may be within the protection scope of the present disclosure. Thus, by way of example, and not limitation, alternative configurations of embodiments of the present disclosure may be used in accordance with the principles set forth herein. Accordingly, embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited solely to what is shown and described here.

Claims (13)

1. Acoustic output device, containing: an acoustic driver comprising a diaphragm and a magnetic circuit structure, wherein the front side of the acoustic driver is formed on the side of the diaphragm facing away from the magnetic circuit structure, the rear side of the acoustic driver is formed on the side of the magnetic circuit structure facing away from the diaphragm, and the diaphragm vibrates to cause sound to be emitted by the acoustic the exciter outward from the front side and the back side of the acoustic exciter; And housing structure, made with the possibility of carrying an acoustic exciter, while one side of the front side and rear side of the acoustic exciter together with the body structure forms a cavity and emits sound towards the cavity, and the other side of the front side and rear side of the acoustic exciter does not form a cavity together with the housing structure and emits sound directly outward from the acoustic output device without passing through the cavity, and the height of the cavity along the vibration direction of the diaphragm does not exceed 3 mm. 2. The acoustic output device of claim 1, wherein the housing structure comprises at least one sonic guide hole, said at least one sonic guide hole being acoustically coupled to the cavity and directing sound radiated into the cavity by the acoustic driver out of the acoustic outlet. devices. 3. The acoustic output device of claim 2, wherein said at least one sound guide hole is located near the center of that side of the housing structure that faces the acoustic driver. 4. Acoustic output device according to claim. 2, in which the cross-sectional area of the specified at least one sound guide holes is not less than 0.25 mm ² . 5. The acoustic output device of claim 2, wherein said at least one sound guide hole is provided with a sound dampening structure. 6. Acoustic output device according to any one of paragraphs. 1-5, in which the structure of the magnetic circuit includes a magnetically conductive plate located opposite the diaphragm, and the magnetically conductive plate includes at least one sound guide hole, and the specified at least one sound guide hole directs the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm from the rear side of the acoustic exciter out of the acoustic output device. 7. The acoustic output device according to claim 6, wherein the front side of the acoustic driver and the housing structure form a cavity, and said at least one guide hole directs the sound generated by vibration of the diaphragm from the rear side of the acoustic driver out of the acoustic output device. 8. The acoustic output device of claim 6, wherein said at least one sonic guide hole is provided with a sonic guide tube along a direction away from the diaphragm, and the sonic guide tube directs sound emitted by said at least one sonic guide hole outward from the acoustic output device. 9. Acoustic output device according to claim 6, in which the specified at least one sound guide hole contains the first section of the hole and the second section of the hole, sequentially located in the direction from the inside to the outside, and the first section of the hole penetrates through the second section of the hole, and the diameter of the second section holes larger than the diameter of the first section of the hole.

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