RU2796744C1 - Patellar groove replacement implant in dogs and cats - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary medicine; veterinary surgery.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used for surgical treatment of the knee in mammals, in particular dogs and cats. An implant for replacing the patellar groove in dogs and cats, comprising an elongated body with a flat base, above which, along the longitudinal axis of the elongated body, there is a groove in the form of an oblong recess between the side walls, as well as screws with a head and a screw-threaded shaft for connection with the bone. There are spikes on the flat base of the elongated body, and through holes are made in its side walls for screwing in screws for connection with the bone. The axes of the through holes of one side are displaced relative to the axes of the through holes of the other side and are directed at an angle to each other, crossing in space.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify the operation and increase the stability and reliability of the implant fastening.

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Description

The invention relates to veterinary medicine, namely to veterinary surgery, and can be used for surgical treatment of the knee in mammals, in particular dogs and cats.

Known implant for replacing the patellar groove, including an elongated body with a flat base, over which along the longitudinal axis of the body of an elongated shape there is a groove in the form of an elongated recess between the side walls, as well as screws with a head and a rod with a screw thread for connection with the bone (1) .

This implant contains, in addition to an elongated body with a flat base, an additional element, which is a substrate in the form of a flat plate. During the operation, the bone is first sawed off (cut off), that is, the bone is resected. After that, the substrate is placed on the sawed off bone and fastened with four screws to the bone. To do this, the substrate has four through holes. Then, an elongated body with a flat base is fixed on the substrate, above which there is a groove in the form of an elongated depression between the side walls along the longitudinal axis of the elongated body. At the same time, to ensure the fixation of the body of an elongated shape on the substrate, there are additional through holes of a cone-shaped shape, turned with a large diameter towards the body of an elongated shape, into which cone-shaped protrusions are inserted, formed on the lower side of the body of an elongated shape (this connection has the conventional name "sticky cone") . As a result, an elongated body sits on a substrate with a gap using “sticky cones”.

The disadvantage of the known implant is the complex installation and instability of fastening, since the assembly rests on cone-shaped protrusions ("conical pins") of an elongated body with a flat base.

The technical objective of the claimed device is to simplify the operation and increase the stability and reliability of the implant.

Thus, in accordance with the set technical task, the technical result achieved by the claimed device is to simplify the operation and increase the stability and reliability of the implant attachment.

The stated technical problem and the specified technical result are achieved by the claimed implant for replacing the patellar groove, which includes an oblong body with a flat base, above which, along the longitudinal axis of the body of an elongated shape, there is a groove in the form of an oblong recess between the side walls, as well as screws with a head and a screw-type shaft. thread for connection with the bone, and, according to the invention, on the flat base of the body of an elongated shape there are spikes, and in its side walls there are through holes designed for screwing in screws for connection with the bone, while the axes of the through holes of one side are offset relative to the axes of the through holes holes of the other side and are directed at an angle to each other, crossing in space.

The above set of common essential features is the essence of the claimed invention. It is necessary and sufficient in all cases of its implementation.

This technical solution has the following advantages compared to the prototype: simplification of the operation and increase the stability and reliability of the implant.

It is important for the implementation of the invention that the axes of the through holes of one side of the body of an elongated shape be offset relative to the axes of the through holes of the other side (code name - arranged in a "staggered" order) and directed at an angle to each other, crossing in space. With this technical solution, the screws do not intersect in the bone and it is possible to screw the screws into the bone while using a minimum space in the bone for this.

In addition, in relation to the claimed invention, the applicant considers it necessary to highlight the following developments and/or clarifications of the totality of its essential features related to particular cases of execution or use.

There can be various connection of an oblong-shaped body with a flat base to the bone using screws with a head and a screw-threaded shaft for connection to the bone, in which the screw is screwed into the bone using a screw thread on the shaft and the head presses the oblong-shaped bodies to the surface of the bone. The Applicant has developed several connection options.

However, in the Applicant's opinion, the most preferred design is that there are screw threads in the through holes of the side walls of the oblong-shaped body, and on the side of the screw heads there is also a screw thread for connecting with the screw threads in the through holes of the side walls of the implant. With this design, even when a separate screw is loosened in the bone, it does not fall out, but remains tightly connected to the elongated body and, in general, the elongated body remains securely connected to the bone due to other screws.

Since there are threads in the through holes of the elongated body, the screw can be directly screwed through the hole using a special tool for this - a guide. The design of this device is well known, is not the subject of the present invention and therefore is not disclosed.

However, according to the Applicant, it is expedient, if there is a screw thread in the through hole, to install elongated bodies into them by screwing in removable guide bushings. Deliveries from the manufacturer of the elongated body can, for example, already be made with removable guide sleeves screwed in. When installing the implant, holes are drilled through the bushings, then the bushings are unscrewed, and screws are screwed through the through holes freed from the bushings. As noted above, bushings can be omitted. However, a hole must be drilled in the bone for the screw. It is more convenient to do this through the bushings, although a guide can also be used.

The invention is illustrated in the drawing.

In FIG. 1 shows an implant for replacing the patellar groove in the form of an oblong body with screws (without guide bushings in the through holes), side view, axonometric view;

In FIG. 2 - the same, bottom view, axonometry;

In FIG. 3 - the same, side and bottom view, axonometry;

In FIG. 4 - the same, end view, axonometry;

the cup is shown from the inside, partial cross section, axonometry;

In FIG. 5 - the same, side and bottom view and with a tear in the area of the screw head, perspective view;

In FIG. 6 shows a screw with a shank with a screw thread for connection with the bone and with a head, on the side surface of which there is a thread for connection with the thread in the through holes of the side walls of the implant, side view;

In FIG. 7 shows an implant for replacing the patellar groove in the form of an oblong body without screws with guide bushings in the through holes, side and bottom view, axonometric view;

In FIG. 8 shows an x-ray after the operation to replace the groove of the patella, side view;

In FIG. 9 shows the declared implant during the operation (photo).

The implant 1 for replacing the groove of the patella, includes a body 2 of an elongated shape with a flat base 3, above which along the longitudinal axis of the body 2 of an elongated shape there is a groove 4 in the form of an oblong recess 5 between the side walls 6 and 7, as well as screws 8 with a head 9 and a rod 10 with a screw thread 11 for connection with the bone 12, and, according to the invention, on the flat base 3 of the body 2 of an elongated shape there are spikes 13, and through holes 14 are made in its side walls 6 and 7, intended for screwing in the screws 8 for connection with the bone 12 by screw thread 11.

In this case, the axes of the through holes 14 of one side, namely, the through holes 15, 16, 17, are offset relative to the axes of the through holes of the other side, namely, the through holes 18, 19, 20, and are directed at an angle to each other, crossing in space.

NOTE: through holes for screws are indicated in the description and in the figures with the position 14. These through holes are arranged in two rows, with the through holes of one row offset from the other. For the convenience of explaining this, the through holes of one row are indicated by positions 15, 16, 17, respectively, and the through holes of the other row are indicated by positions 18, 19, 20.

Due to this, after screwing into the bone 12, the screws 8 do not intersect with each other in the bone 12 (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3). In this case, in the general case, the screws 8 may not be screwed into all, but only into individual through holes, in order to most effectively ensure connection with the bone.

The spikes 13 are intended for the initial fixation of the oblong body 2 on the cut of the bone 12 during the operation (see below).

NOTE: the applicant does not disclose the general features of the preparatory and final stages of the operation to replace the patella groove, since they are standard, well-known and are not the subject of the present invention.

In the through holes 14 of the side walls 6 and 7 there is a screw thread 21, and on the side of the heads 9 of the screws 8 there is a screw thread 22 for connection with the screw thread 21 in the through holes 14 of the side walls 6 and 7 of the body 2 of the oblong shape of the implant 1. With this structure, even when loosening a separate screw 8 in the bone 12, it does not fall out, but remains tightly connected to the body 2 of the elongated shape and, in general, the body 2 of the elongated shape remains securely connected to the bone 12 due to the remaining screws 8.

Since the through holes 14 of the elongated body 2 have a screw thread 22, each screw 8 can be directly screwed through the through hole 14 using a special tool for this - a guide.

The design of this device is well known, is not the subject of the present invention and therefore is not disclosed in detail.

However, according to the Applicant, it is expedient if there is a screw thread 22 in the through hole 14 of the body 2 of an oblong shape to install in them, for example, by screwing in removable guide bushings 23, in particular, made in the form of cylinders 24 with a longitudinal through hole 25, having on a screw thread for screwing into the screw thread 22 in the through hole 14 on the outer side. When installing the implant 1, holes are drilled in the bone 12 through the removable guide bushings, then the removable guide bushings are unscrewed, and screws 8 are screwed through the through holes 14 freed from them. As noted above, you can not use removable guide bushings. However, a hole must be drilled in bone 12 for screw 8. Through removable guide bushings, this is more convenient, although a guide can also be used.

NOTE: the applicant does not disclose the design features of the guide and other devices necessary for the operation, in particular for screwing in screws, since they are standard, well-known and are not the subject of the present invention.

During the operation, bone 12 is first sawed off (cut off), that is, the bone is resected. After that, the body 2 of an oblong shape is placed on the cut of the bone and is fixed by introducing pointed spikes 13 into the bone 12 at the place of the cut. After that, the screws 8 are successively screwed through the through holes 14 into the bone 12 with or without removable guide bushings 23.

NOTE: the applicant does not disclose the general features of this type of operation to replace the patella groove, since they are standard, well-known and are not the subject of the present invention (see, for example, the closest analogue).

An example of an operation using the claimed invention

• Carry out a linear incision of the skin in the projection of the cranial surface of the joint;

• Produce preparation of subcutaneous fat, superficial fascia;

• Carry out medial and lateral arthrotomy;

• Produce luxation of the patella;

• Carry out revision of the joint;

• Produce revision of the patella, removal of fibrous tissue, osteophytes from the medial and lateral surface;

• Osteotomy of the block of the patella is performed from the fossa of the tendon of the long extensor of the fingers to the proximal edge of the block;

• Produce temporary fixation of the implant 1;

• Carry out reduction of the patella, holding orthopedic tests;

• Produce luxation of the patella;

• Drill holes for screw 8, for example, along guides;

• Remove the guide and install the screw 8;

• Repeated screwing of each screw 8 step by step in random order;

• Set the kneecap;

• Carry out orthopedic tests;

• Produce the taking of material for cultural research;

• Carry out lavage of the surgical wound;

• Stage-by-stage killing of the surgical wound is performed according to generally accepted surgical techniques using suture material.

EFFECT: invention makes it possible to simplify the operation and increase the stability and reliability of the implant fastening.

Sources of information taken into account

1. Article by Z. Dokic, D. Lorinson, J.P. Weigel, A. Vezzoni “Patellar groove replacement in patellar luxation with severe femoro-patellar osteoarthritis”, downloaded from www.vcot-online.com jn 2015-03-17 | ID: 1000446089 | IP: 95.227.90.131, KYON AG, Zurich, Swizerland, Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2/2015 (closest equivalent).

Claims (3)

1. An implant for replacing the patellar groove in dogs and cats, comprising an oblong-shaped body with a flat base, above which, along the longitudinal axis of the oblong-shaped body, there is a groove in the form of an oblong recess between the side walls, as well as screws with a head and a screw-threaded shaft for connection with a bone, characterized in that there are spikes on the flat base of the elongated body, and through holes are made in its side walls, designed to screw in screws for connection with the bone, while the axes of the through holes of one side are offset relative to the axes of the through holes of the other side and are directed at an angle to each other, crossing in space. 2. The implant according to claim. 1, characterized in that there is a screw thread in the through holes of the side walls, and on the side of the screw heads there is also a screw thread for connecting with a screw thread in the through holes of the side walls of the oblong body of the implant. 3. The implant according to claim 2, characterized in that removable guide bushings are screwed into the through holes of the side walls.

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