RU2793055C1 - Power plant with hydraulic preventer control - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: oil and gas industry.

SUBSTANCE: invention can be used in combination with a lifting and repair unit APR-60/80 when servicing oil and gas wells for remote control of a preventer equipped with a hydraulic drive for the tools. A preventer hydraulic control power plant is claimed, containing a rectangular frame on which metal frames are fixed, located in pairs in mutually perpendicular directions along one long side of the frame and on its opposite short sides and made of interconnected racks. Blocks of electric accumulators are placed on each frame. On the second long side of the frame there is a tank with a working medium in the form of multigrade oil, equipped with a heating module. In front of the tank there is a distributor block connected to the tank and a high-pressure hydraulic pumping station of 25 MPa by means of hydraulic lines. The electric accumulator blocks are connected to the electric and electronic control unit connected to the charge control and control unit of the electric storage battery unit, the hydraulic high pressure pumping station and the hydraulic distributor unit, as well as to the remote backup electric and electronic control unit using electric lines.

EFFECT: reduction in the size, weight and dimensions of the equipment, possibility of increasing pressure of the oil flow while maintaining the reliability of the control of the preventer.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to the oil and gas industry and can be used in combination with a lifting and repair unit APR-60/80 when servicing oil and gas wells for remote control of a preventer equipped with a hydraulic drive of working bodies.

A system and method for controlling a subsea well is known, including a surface installation located above a plurality of underwater wells located within the observation circle of the surface installation. A plurality of flowlines directly connect at least one of the plurality of subsea wells to a surface facility. On the ground installation there is a control station, a hydraulic unit and an injector unit. The distribution block is located on the seabed and is connected to each control station, hydraulic power unit and injection unit via one or more umbilicals. The first wellhead component is located on one of the subsea wells and is connected to the distribution housing through one or more flexible leads that provide electrical, hydraulic communication. The second wellhead component is located on another of the subsea wells and is connected to the distribution housing through one or more flexible leads that provide electrical, hydraulic connection. The control station is designed to provide control functions for the first and second components of the wellhead during drilling, workover and production (Patent No. CN101680270B. Published 2014-07-30).

However, the known control system is intended for subsea wells.

Known distributed control system installation coiled tubing and associated distributed control system. A distributed control system provides a communication bridge through a local control panel between a non-real-time network and a real-time network such as the controller's LAN. Both soft and hard real time networks are suitable, but hard real time is preferred (Patent No. KR101646301B1 Published 2016-08-05).

However, the known technical solution has large dimensions, weight and dimensions of the equipment, does not allow to increase the pressure of the oil flow.

A modular, distributed, retrievable underwater ROV control system is known, the corresponding configuration of a package of deep-sea underwater blowout preventers and methods of using modular blowout preventers (BOPs) in a block for use under water, contains a housing adapted for manipulating a remotely controlled vehicle (RCV), with a thrust a part adapted to be received into the blowout preventer assembly control module. recipient. Control electronics adapted to control a predetermined function with respect to the blowout preventer package is located inside the housing and connected to one or more controllable devices using a wet connector interface (Patent No. US7222674. Published 2007-05-29).

However, a modular, distributed, retrievable ROV subsea control system is known to be intended for use underwater and does not allow its use in terrestrial conditions.

A tool is known for activating a blowout preventer, containing one or more connections for obtaining hydraulic energy from a remotely controlled vehicle ("ROV"), the first pump to increase the pressure of the working fluid for the blowout preventer ("BOP"), the second pump to increase the flow rate of the working fluid and a conductor for transporting the working fluid to the preventer. The tool quickly increases the pressure and flow rate of the fluid to the BOP, and the BOP can be quickly closed (Application No. US20130112420. Published 2015-05-26).

However, the known tool does not allow to reduce the dimensions, weight and dimensions of the equipment, increase the pressure of the oil flow and improve the reliability of the control of the preventer.

A known system and method for creating an additional duplication of anti-chronic protection control, in which a device that provides backup or alternative flow paths around faulty blowout preventer control components using a remotely installed removable hydraulic hose connection. The back-up fluid flow path to control the operation of the blowout preventer delivers variable pressure hydraulic fluid through a check valve rigidly connected to the blowout preventer, through a hose connected to the intervention panel on the blowout preventer, and through a valve that isolates the primary flow and creates a secondary flow, ensuring continuous operation. To improve reliability, the redundant elements are transferred from the spare functional assembly of the blowout preventer and are rigidly connected to the blowout preventer (Patent No. EA018799B1. Published 2013-10-30).

However, the known technical solution has rather large dimensions, weight and dimensions of the equipment, without the possibility of increasing the pressure of the oil flow, taking into account the increase in the reliability of the control of the preventer.

Known control station preventer containing placed in a closed housing hydraulic tank with a working fluid connected to a pump equipped with an electric drive, pneumoaccumulators for energy storage using compressed nitrogen; hydraulic distributors for redirecting the flow into the piston or rod cavity of the hydraulic cylinders of the rams; check valves to prevent reverse flow of oil from charged pneumohydraulic accumulators; hydraulic distributor for switching from the mode of recharging the hydraulic system to the heating mode of the preventer; safety block with safety valve and ball valve; hydraulic control unit; an electric heater mounted on the wall of the working fluid tank and connected to the engine and blower pump; a hand pump included in the pressure hydraulic line; an electric power supply circuit, including a microcontroller for controlling the actuating elements of the drive and connected to the voltage conversion unit; the main control panel, on which the controls for hydraulic distributors and electrical equipment are mounted; block for connecting quick-disconnect connections of flexible high-pressure hoses; brackets for winding high-pressure hoses, fixed on the outside of the housing wall (Patent No. RU 197550. Published on May 13, 2020).

However, the known control station of the preventer does not allow to increase the pressure of the oil flow while maintaining the reliability of control of the preventer.

A well-known preventer control station contains a hydraulic tank with a working fluid, a pump equipped with an electric drive connected to the tank, a pressure hydraulic line connected to the pump, hydraulic valves connected to the pressure hydraulic line, hydraulic control lines connected to the hydraulic valves, an electric power circuit, an electric control line , the main control panel and a remote control panel, on which the control elements of hydraulic distributors and electrical equipment are mounted. Parallel to the mechanical hydraulic distributors (m), redundant electromechanical hydraulic distributors (e) are installed, connected via an electric control line by electric switches. The remote control panel contains electrical switches and is connected by a low voltage electrical control line ranging from 6 to 36 volts with electromechanical hydraulic valves. Mobile remote control of the supply of the working fluid to the hydraulic control lines is provided (Patent No. 170187. Published on April 18, 2017).

However, the known control station of the preventer does not allow to increase the pressure of the oil flow while maintaining the reliability of control of the preventer.

Analysis of the identified sources of information showed the absence of a close analogue in relation to the features of the technical solution.

The objective of the present invention is to expand the arsenal of technical tools designed for drilling, having a user-friendly design.

The technical result is manifested in a reduction in the dimensions, weight and dimensions of the equipment, in the possibility of increasing the pressure of the oil flow while maintaining the reliability of the control of the preventer.

The technical result is achieved by the fact that the hydraulic control power plant of the preventer contains a rectangular frame on which metal frames are fixed, located in pairs in mutually perpendicular directions along one long side of the frame and on its opposite short sides, and made of interconnected racks, blocks are placed on each frame electric accumulators, on the second long side of the frame there is a tank with a working fluid in the form of all-weather oil, equipped with a heating module, in front of the tank there is a distributor block connected to the tank and a high-pressure hydraulic pumping station of 25 MPa via hydraulic lines, the electric accumulator blocks are connected to the electric and electronic control connected to the block for monitoring and controlling the charge of the block of electric storage batteries, the pumping station of the hydraulic high pressure and the block of hydraulic distributors, as well as to the remote backup block of electric and electronic control using electric lines.

The present invention is explained by a detailed description and drawings, on which:

Fig. 1 - shows a perspective view of the hydraulic control power plant of the preventer, according to the invention;

Fig. 2 - characterizes the fundamental hydraulic electrical and electronic control circuit of the power plant;

Fig. 3 shows the general layout of the BOP control station, which includes the hydraulic control power stations.

Power plant hydraulic control preventers (hereinafter power plant) contains a rectangular frame 1 (Fig.1). Metal frames 2, 3, 4, 5 are fixed on a rectangular frame 1. Frames 2 and 3, 4 and 5 are located in mutually perpendicular directions. Frames 2 and 5 are located on opposite short sides of frame 1. Frames 3 and 4 are located along the long sides of frame 1. Frames 2-5 are made of mutually connected metal racks. In each frame 2, 3, 4.5 there are blocks of electric batteries, respectively 6, 7, 8, 9. Each block can contain from one (1) to three (3) electric batteries, depending on the technological tasks of the BOP control station. On the second long side of frame 1, a tank 10 is fixed with a working fluid in the form of all-weather oil. The tank 10 is equipped with a heating module 11. In front of the tank 10 there is a distributor block 12 connected to a pumping station 13 with a hydraulic high pressure of 25 MPa. The power plant is equipped with electrical control cabinets 14 interconnected with electric accumulator units 6, 7, 8, 9. A bracket 15 is fixed on the frame 4, at the end of which a lamp 16 - LED lighting is fixed. The power plant is equipped with a remote control 17.

The control of the power plant is shown in the block diagram shown in figure 2. In the above diagram, the electric batteries 6, 7, 8, 9 are connected to the electrical and electronic control unit 18 associated with the control and charge control unit 19 of the electric storage battery unit 6-9, remote a backup block 20 of electrical and electronic control, a pumping station 13 of hydraulic high pressure, a block of 21 hydraulic (electromechanical) distributors. The latter is connected to the tank 10 and the pump station 13 hydraulic high pressure. In addition, the high-pressure hydraulic pumping station 13 and the block 21 of hydraulic and electromechanical distributors are interconnected by a pressure hydraulic line 22. The tank 10 is interconnected with the block 21 of hydraulic (electromechanical) distributors by the return hydraulic line 23. The block 21 of hydraulic (electromechanical) distributors is connected to the preventer 24 with an annular universal (PUG), double ram preventer 25 (PP2G), shear preventer 26 (PPG), gate valves 27 and 28 with a hydraulic drive (ZMG-1, ZMG-2), which have the ability to control a double-acting hydraulic drive that ensures the closing of the valve when pressure drop of the control medium in the drive cylinder.

The stem part is made of interconnected preventers 24, 25, 26. In addition, it is equipped with gate valves 27 and 28 with a hydraulic drive.

The power plant for hydraulic control of preventers (EGUP) is designed for operational remote control of preventers and hydraulically controlled valves and is used as follows.

Pumping station 13 provides the formation, accumulation and distribution of the working fluid in the form of all-weather oil under a given pressure. EGUP consists of two mutually interlocked control units - main 18 and auxiliary 20.

All assembly units of the main control unit 18 are mounted on a common frame 1 and are a compact transportable unit.

The electrical part of the control panel is mounted on its body, and the electric motor control panel is located in the box.

The drive motor of the pumping station 13 has automatic control by means of pressure sensors and electromagnetic pressure gauges. Adjustment is carried out on the pressure of turning on the electric motor and turning it off to the specified parameters.

From the main control unit 14 it is possible to open and close the ram double preventers 25 and valves. The universal preventer 24 from the main control unit can only be closed. The distributor block 12 of the main control unit (hereinafter referred to as the distributor), which controls the universal preventer 24, supplies oil to the blocking cylinder of the corresponding distributor handle 12 on the auxiliary console and switches it to the “closed” position - the universal preventer 24 closes. The blocking cylinder is single-acting, so the universal preventer 24 closed from the main control unit cannot be opened from the auxiliary control unit. To control the universal preventer 24 from the auxiliary control unit, it is necessary to move the distributor handle 9 of the main control unit to the “open” position. The auxiliary control unit is designed to control the preventers 24, 25, 26 of the shaft unit directly from the driller's workplace. From the auxiliary control unit 9 it is possible to close the double ram BOPs 25, open the working valve of the manifold, close and open the universal BOP 24.

Hydraulic pump station 13 high pressure, energy is transmitted from the battery pack (hereinafter referred to as battery) 6, 7, 8, 9. Batteries 6-9 serve as a source of energy in normal operation and in emergency mode when disconnected from the mains. Electric and electronic control unit - 18, when the charge of the battery pack 6 - 9 decreases, it automatically charges the battery pack 6-9 with a charger (block) 19. Hydraulic pump station 13 high pressure, supplies the working fluid from the oil tank 10 to the pressure hydraulic line 22. Next, the working fluid enters the block of hydraulic distributors 21, equipped with electromechanical hydraulic valves (conditions not shown). The hydraulic distributors are connected with the control elements for the flow of the working fluid to control the hydraulic actuators of the preventers 24, 25, 26. The hydraulic actuators of the preventers 24, 25, 26 are controlled by the block 21 of hydraulic and electrical distributors with handles and the block 18 of electrical and electronic control buttons. The remote (duplicate) block 20 of electrical and electronic control is connected to the main block 20 of electrical and electronic control. The electrical and electronic control unit 20 is a low-voltage (12-36 V) control line and duplicates the controls and indications of the main electrical and electronic control unit 20.

The use of blocks of electric accumulators 6, 7, 8, 9 increases the pressure of the all-weather oil supplied from the tank 10.

For example: doubling the multigrade oil pressure results in:

- a decrease in the area of the pistons of preventers 24-28 also by a factor of two and, while maintaining the piston stroke, will lead to a decrease in the volume of oil required for the closing-opening-closing cycle, also by a factor of two. Thus, the volume of the tank 10 with a one and a half times oil supply will be 536.5/2 * 1.5 = 402.5 liters, which is 4.22 times less than the tank when using pneumohydraulic accumulators.

- reduction in size, and hence to a decrease in the mass of preventers 24-28 included in the assembly of the stem part. This will be especially noticeable in the preventer 24 PUG - 350x70, since the outer diameter of the preventer 24 depends on the diameter of the piston of the preventer 24. A preliminary calculation showed a decrease in the mass of the annular preventer 24 by 1.5 times, and will be 4700 kg.

On the hydraulic double ram preventer 25 PP2G-350x70, an increase in pressure will not affect much, since the distance between the rows of rams will slightly decrease. The preliminary calculation showed approximately 10% reduction in the weight of the preventer 25, and will be 7525 kg.

Shear preventer 26 will slightly more reduce its mass by approximately 20%, since shear forces are entirely dependent on the diameter and pressure entering the pistons, the ram drive is in the open state. The approximate weight of the shear preventer 26 is 4832kg.

Approximate calculation of battery capacity 6 - 9.

As you know, when the rams close, it is necessary to overcome the pressure in the well, and when the rams are opened, almost no work is done, so we will calculate the power for closing. With double closing of the double ram preventer 25, 45 l will be required at 28 MPa pressure, therefore the power consumed by the double ram preventer 25 will be required = 45 * 28/60 = 21 kW. In real life, not all the pressure in the hydraulic cylinders overcomes the pressure in the well. When closing, the full oil pressure in the hydraulic cylinders of the double ram preventer 25 occurs when the rubber is compressed at the very last moment of the rod stroke, therefore the power required for closing will be less, it will be more accurate to say when calculating the preventer 25, but for the preliminary calculation we will take 21 kW.

When the sealing element is compressed in the annular preventer 24 (PUG), the pressure increases linearly from 0 to 28 MPa. To calculate the required power of the hydroflow, let's take a pressure of 14 MPa, then the power of the hydroflow for double closing of the annular preventer 24 will be 78.5*14/60=18kW.

For the shear preventer 26, the hydroflow power per double pipe cut will be 66.2*28/60=31kW.

Since the opening cycle of preventers 24 - 26 does not require any costs, then the total power for the "close-open-close" cycle is 21+18+31=70kW.

Let's carry out the approximate need of the hydraulic pumping station 13 in high-pressure hydraulic pumps and their volumetric parameters.

Let's set the closing speed of the annular preventer 24 to 45 seconds. Oil volume 78.5/2=39.25l. Then the oil flow rate will be 39.25/45*60=52.3 l/min.

Let us set the closing speed of one tier of the ram preventer 25 equal to 30 sec. Oil volume 22.5/2=11.25l. Then the oil flow rate will be 11.25/30*60=22.5l/min.

Set the closing speed of the shear preventer 26 equal to 30 sec. Oil volume 66.2/2=33.1l. Then the oil flow rate will be 33.1/30*60=66.2 l/min.

The proposed invention makes it possible to reduce the dimensions and weight of the power plant for hydraulic control of preventers, the volume of the tank and the working fluid in the form of all-weather oil (hereinafter referred to as oil), the dimensions and weight of the preventers and, as a result, the stem part of the preventer assembly.

In addition, the proposed technical solution makes it possible to increase the pressure of the output oil flow, the reliability of the control of preventers.

The proposed invention makes it possible to reduce the cost of the power plant for hydraulic control of preventers and the shaft part of the preventer assembly, the cost of delivering the above equipment to the well.

Claims (1)

Power plant for hydraulic control of a preventer, characterized in that it contains a rectangular frame on which metal frames are fixed, located in pairs in mutually perpendicular directions along one long side of the frame and on its opposite short sides and made of interconnected racks, on each frame there are blocks of electric batteries, on on the second long side of the frame, a tank with a working fluid in the form of multigrade oil is fixed, equipped with a heating module, in front of the tank there is a distributor block connected to the tank and a high-pressure hydraulic pumping station of 25 MPa via hydraulic lines, the electric accumulator blocks are connected to the electric and electronic control unit, connected to the block of control and management of the charge of the block of electric accumulator batteries, the pumping station of hydraulic high pressure and the block of hydraulic distributors, and also with the remote backup block of electric and electronic control by means of electric highways.

Images