RU2791812C1 - Device for training and developing skills for performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: educational medical equipment.

SUBSTANCE: device for teaching and developing the skills of performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration for teaching and developing the skills of performing artificial respiration includes a mask of a person's face with a nose and mouth, a tube and a device for measuring air volume — a signalling device, while the mask of a person's face is made from the crown of the head to the hyoid zones with a common nasal passage and oral cavity in the form of a vestibule of the mouth, combined on the inside of the mask with a camera, which is connected by a tube extending beyond the mask and having a signalling device at its free end.

EFFECT: solution makes it possible to achieve closeness to real conditions and allows multiple exhalations to develop a stable skill of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.

10 cl, 1 dwg

Description

The claimed invention relates to educational medical equipment, in particular, to devices for teaching emergency procedures, namely, performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration techniques. The device can be used as a demonstration mannequin during life safety lessons at first aid courses, as well as for teaching and developing practical skills for applying a tourniquet by students in medical schools, at life safety lessons and in other training centers that provide knowledge on first aid to a person who is in an emergency situation.

State of the art

A number of mannequin simulators for practicing first aid skills are known from the prior art.

For example, devices disclosed in the following sources:

https://zarnitza.ru/press-center/blog/robot-trenazhyer-po-okazaniyu-pervoy-pomoshchi-grisha-07/

https://cpkrz-omsk.ru/wp-content/dokument/catalog_SLR_IVL.pdf

https://www.uchebnayatehnika.rf/wps/model-cheloveka-trenazher-reanimacionnyj/ ,

are characterized by the implementation of a full-fledged model of the torso / body of a person, designed to work out a whole range of medical measures. Such devices are difficult to use and transport, occupy a fairly significant amount of storage.

Known solutions are US 8662004 B2, JP 2009116728 A, DE8809543U1, JP 1153168 A, EP 16250 A1, US3068590 A, each of which reveals the presence of a chamber, however, none of them can demonstrate to the user, the volume of inhaled air, the material of the chambers is unlimited in tension, is not able to signal the inflow of air in a volume of 0.5 by color or the manifestation of a pattern; 1; 1.5; 2 l, which does not allow the user to independently assess the volume of air inhaled during the exercise and develop exhalation skills for the safe delivery of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration. Also, such a performance is not close to real conditions, since the volume of human lungs is not extensible, but has a certain volume.

Known robot simulator (RF patent No. 2134913), containing a model simulating the human body, which contains a tilting head simulator, a nasal airway simulator, a mouth breathing simulator, an upper airway patency simulator, a chest simulator, a lung simulator, a carotid pulsation simulator arteries, pupil reaction simulator, pressure, acceleration and inhaled air volume sensors connected to the display unit and capable of transmitting signals to the signal processing electronic unit, the chest simulator and the lung simulator are separated by a plate spring-loaded relative to the chest simulator.

The correctness of the trained methods of resuscitation is displayed on the display unit, as well as by the narrowing of the pupil of the robot and the appearance of a pulsation of the carotid artery. The device is also a complex technical design that requires pre-configuration and adjustment of sensors. The display unit is located at a distance from the mannequin's head and does not allow you to control inhalation during the exercise for practicing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.

Similar disadvantages are inherent in the device disclosed in the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2124762, which is also an electrically controlled model of the human body, equipped with a set of measuring sensors.

All known designs are multifunctional, provide the possibility of conducting a whole range of training activities, are characterized by remote control capabilities, variability of settings and adjustments, which makes them stationary, difficult to transport devices.

Known solution US 3274705 A1, which discloses a simulator that is inserted into the mouth of a person to ensure realism. The solution includes the oral funnel and nasal passage, the nasal passage enters the oral funnel, from which the tubes go to the chambers, stomach and lungs. The cameras are placed on the human body and covered with a blanket or clothing. The signaling is carried out whether the blanket / clothing is visually moving or not.

The disadvantage of this solution is reduced realism, since the breath is carried out into the "mouth" located above the person's face, the funnel does not imitate the lips and mouth of a person, the air goes immediately through the tubes that do not correspond to the person's mouth and throat, i.e., it trains when air is inhaled into the mouth, experiencing no real resistance. In addition, by the movement of the blanket / clothes, determine how much air needs to be inhaled so as not to damage the lungs, since the volume of a person’s lungs is not extensible, but has a certain volume.

Thus, the technical problem solved by the claimed invention lies in the need to overcome the disadvantages inherent in analogues and the prototype, by creating an easy-to-use and compact in storage and transportation device that allows the development of artificial respiration skills and visual demonstration of the effectiveness of training. The simulator should allow you to take a multiple number of exhalations, be close to real conditions and allow the user to independently evaluate the volume of air inhaled during the exercise and develop exhalation skills for the safe delivery of mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration.

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION

A device for training and developing artificial respiration skills includes a mask (1) of a person's face from the crown of the head to the sublingual zone with a common nasal passage 1 (1.2) and an oral cavity (1.1) in the form of a vestibule of the mouth 2. Common nasal passage (1.2) and the vestibule of the mouth (1.1) on the inside of the mask are aligned with the chamber (2), which is connected to a tube (4) extending beyond the mask (1), at the end of which a signaling device (5) is fixed.

The diameter of the outlet from the chamber at the junction with the tube (4) is no more than 10 mm.

The tube (4) from the chamber (1) to the signaling device (5) has a length of no more than 400 mm.

The indicator (5) is a device that allows you to evaluate the volume of air that has entered through the vestibule of the mouth (1.1) during the mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration exercise. An elastic balloon with an expansion volume of 0.5 to 2 liters can be used as a signaling device (5), while the balloon has the ability to notify the degree of stretching, for example, it can be a balloon design with the ability to change color when the expansion reaches the corresponding 0.5 ; 1; 1.5; 2 l or with the possibility of text appearing when the expansion corresponding to 0.5 is reached; 1; 1.5; 2 l. Also, the ball can be equipped with limiting rings in diameter corresponding to the expansion of the ball by 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 l.

As a signaling device (5), a flask with a piston inside can also be used, which can rise when a certain amount of air enters the flask through a tube. On the surface of the flask has labels of air volume in liters.

A spirometer can also be used as a signaling device (5).

In a particular case, the chamber (2) is connected to the tube (4) through a fitting (3).

In a particular case, the mask (1) can be stretched over the support frame to create a rigid fixation during use, or it can be made solid, for example, cast. The outer surface of the mask imitates a human face, reproducing all the main elements: eyes, nose, mouth. The mask (1) is made of elastic materials and when pressed sideways on the corners of the mouth, the face is deformed, imitating human facial expressions. The size of the nose, nostrils, lips and mouth of the mask corresponds to the average size of the nose, nostrils, lips and mouth of a person.

In a particular case of execution, the mask (1) imitates the position of the thrown back head, which is necessary when performing artificial respiration.

In yet another particular case, the mask (1) is mounted on a frame with a function that allows the tilting of the head necessary when performing artificial respiration.

In a particular case of execution, the mask (1) can be installed and fixed on a separate stand with a height of at least 850 mm.

The claimed invention is an easy-to-configure and operate design that allows you to visually evaluate the effectiveness of the teaching and training process for practicing the skills of "mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration".

The use of the signaling device (5) in close proximity to the mask, as well as its implementation in the form of a balloon, or a flask with a piston, allows you to visually control the volume of exhaled air during execution and exhale the proper volume.

Practicing the skills of exhalation and focusing on the indicators of the volume of exhaled air, the user, through repeated repetition, develops a stable skill of exhalation volume within 1; 1.5 liters corresponding to the volume leading to a positive effect in a real first aid situation.

It should be noted that the simulator allows you to practice artificial respiration using any device for performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration (RDR).

In the subsequent practical application, the user, having the skills, will be able to perform mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, leading to a positive effect, that is, with a sufficient volume, without additionally injuring the victim from the supply of an excess volume of air.

The technical result achieved by using the claimed invention is to simplify the design of the simulator, which increases its availability for use, visibility and compactness during storage and transportation.

Thus, the claimed solution has a simple design, is close to real conditions and allows you to take a multiple number of exhalations to develop a sustainable skill in performing "mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration".

Brief description of drawings:

fig. 1 - a mask for training and developing skills in performing artificial respiration, general view.

Brief description of structural elements:

1 - mask;

1.1 - vestibule of the mouth;

1.2 - nasal passage;

2 - camera;

3 - fitting;

4 - tube.

Implementation of the invention

The claimed device works as follows.

Before starting work, in the case of using a ball as a signaling device (5), control the absence of air in it. In the case of use as a signaling device (5) - a flask with a piston, or a spirometer, control the placement of the piston or other indicators in the extreme position corresponding to the absence of an air cushion.

To practice the skills of artificial respiration, the following sequence of actions is carried out: if the mask is made with the possibility of tilting, the mask is tilted, a device for performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration (UDR) is installed on the mouth of the mask, according to the instructions for the UDR model used in a particular case, the nose is clamped masks, inhale deeply, press their lips tightly to the mouth of the mask and exhale once into the inner space of the mask. The air entering the chamber passes in a particular case through the fitting into the tube, through which it fills the means for measuring the volume of exhaled air - the signaling device (5), to a level indicating not less than 1 l and not more than 1.5 l. In the process of exhalation, monitor the volume. In the case of using a ball as a signaling device (5), they are guided by the provided notifications of the achieved volume, for example, a change in color when an expansion of the corresponding 0.5 is reached; 1; 1.5; 2 l or with the possibility of text appearing when the expansion corresponding to 0.5 is reached; 1; 1.5; 2 l or on limiting rings, in diameter corresponding to the expansion of the ball by 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 l. In the case of use as a signaling device (5), the flasks with a piston inside are guided by the marks of the air volume in liters, applied to the flask.

The success of the training is assessed by a single intake of air into the device not less than 1 liter and not more than 1.5 liters. A smaller volume characterizes insufficient exhalation of the trainee and will not lead to a positive effect in a real first aid situation. Larger volume will result in injury.

Further, the actions described above are repeatedly performed until a stable skill of artificial respiration is developed with the air volume entering the device not less than 1 liter and not more than 1.5 liter.

Example of a specific implementation

The inventive device is implemented as a prototype for demonstrating the skills of performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration using a device for artificial respiration (URD). The device includes a silicone mask that imitates the shape and outline of a person's face on one side, mounted on a stand, 850 mm high. The volume of the mask has a cavity with nasal and oral inlets, as well as an outlet connected to a tube with a diameter of 10 mm through a rigidly installed fitting. The tube is brought out of the mask and is connected to a signaling device - an elastic ball.

Claims (10)

1. A device for training and developing skills in performing mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration, including a mask of a person's face with a nose and mouth, a tube extending beyond the mask and having at its free end a means for measuring air volume - a signaling device, characterized in that the mask of a person's face is made from the crown of the head to the sublingual zone with a common nasal passage and oral cavity in the form of a vestibule of the mouth, combined on the inside of the mask with a camera from which the tube extends to the signaling device. 2. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that an elastic balloon with a stretching volume of 0.5 to 2 liters is used as a signaling device. 3. The device according to p. 2, characterized in that the elastic balloon is made with the possibility of changing color when reaching an expansion corresponding to 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 l. 4. The device according to claim. 2, characterized in that the elastic balloon is made with the possibility of the appearance of the text when reaching the expansion corresponding to 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 l. 5. The device according to claim. 2, characterized in that the elastic balloon is equipped with limiting rings, the diameter corresponding to the expansion of the ball by 0.5; 1; 1.5; 2 l. 6. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that a spirometer is used as a signaling device. 7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the chamber is connected to the tube through a fitting. 8. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the mask is made with the possibility of installation on the support frame or is solid. 9. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that the mask is installed and fixed on a separate stand with a height of at least 850 mm. 10. The device according to claim. 1, characterized in that the connecting tube has a diameter of not more than 10 mm and a length of not more than 400 mm.

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