RU2789357C1 - Forestry plow for the formation of micro-elevations - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: forestry.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to forestry. Forest plow for formation of micro-elevations contains a frame with a hinged device, right-turning and left-turning share-dump bodies (4 and 5), displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction, with fenders to the dumps and plate knives. In front of the plow-share bodies (4 and 5), within their working width, disk knives (8) are installed, between which there are knife plates (11). In the rear part of the plow, in its center, behind the plowshare bodies (4 and 5), there is a spring-loaded roller (9) having a trapezoidal working surface. Dumps of share-dump bodies (4 and 5) are shortened, and spherical disks (6) are installed behind them, which are a continuation of the shortened dumps of share-dump bodies (4 and 5). Plowshare housings (4 and 5) and spherical disks (6) are attached to the frame with the help of additional movable mounting bars, made with the possibility of moving along the frame by means of hydraulic cylinders (7).

EFFECT: improved quality of preparation of soil micro-highs during tillage in clearings with temporary waterlogging in the presence of a large number of roots and sod.

1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

The invention relates to forestry, in particular, to implements for tillage when creating forest plantations on previously cleared clearings with temporarily waterlogged soils during reforestation.

Known forest plow for micro-elevations PLM-1,3 ("Machines and mechanisms of forestry and forestry management". Reference. M., 2009. S. 159-160), containing a frame, a hinged device, right-turning and left-turning plow-dump bodies, offset relative to each other in the longitudinal direction in order to avoid clogging with tree and shrub residues, fenders for dumps and plate knives.

However, the quality of the soil ridges formed during the operation of this plow does not meet the requirements. On soddy soils, soil layers are laid not in the form of a ribbon, but in lumps of various sizes. Lamellar knives installed in the plane of the field cuts of the share-dump bodies cut the roots in the soil at a large distance from each other (up to 150 cm), in the zone between the lamellar knives the roots remain uncut, as a result of which the soil layers containing them do not fit tightly into the microelevation and may return to the furrows. Therefore, the plowshare bodies are installed in the longitudinal direction at a distance of 600-800 mm from each other, which increased the dimensions and weight of the plow.

A combined forest plow is known (RF Patent No. 2742659; IPC A01B 49/02, A01B 13/02, A01G 23/00; publ. each other in the longitudinal direction to avoid clogging with tree and shrub residues, with fenders to the mouldboards and blade knives, disc knives installed in front of the share and moldboard bodies within their working width, a spring-loaded roller located in the rear of the plow, in its center, behind share-dump bodies. The spring-loaded roller has a concave working surface to compact the soil and form a micro-elevation profile. Taken as a prototype.

However, when working in areas with a large amount of herbaceous vegetation, disk knives grind plant fractions in insufficient volume, which complicates the compaction of the created micro-elevation during its further formation. In addition, share-dump bodies may not completely wrap and shift the soil layer to the required place of its laying due to the presence of a large number of roots and herbaceous vegetation, which may interfere with obtaining the required microelevation profile and lead to less resistance of the soil ridge to destruction after passage of a spring-loaded roller.

The invention solves the problem of improving the quality of preparation of soil micro-elevations when tilling the soil in clearings with temporary waterlogging in the presence of a large number of roots and sod due to their better crushing and increasing the density of laying the soil layer in the micro-elevation for further high-quality planting of seedlings or seedlings.

This is achieved by the fact that in a forest plow for the formation of micro-highs, containing a frame with a hinged device, right-turning and left-turning plow-moldboard bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction to avoid clogging with tree and shrub residues, with fender liner to dumps and blade knives, disk knives installed in front of the share-mouldboard bodies within their working width, a spring-loaded roller located in the rear of the plow, in its center, behind the share-mouldboard bodies, according to the invention, to improve the turnover of the soil layer when creating a micro-elevation are made shortened, and spherical disks are installed behind them, which are a continuation of the shortened dumps of the share-dump bodies, while the share-dump bodies and spherical disks are attached to the frame using additional movable mounting bars, made with the possibility of moving along the frame by means of hydraulic cylinders, in addition, between the disk knives installed in front of the plow-share bodies, there are knife plates to improve the quality of crushing wood and shrub residues, and the spring-loaded roller has a trapezoidal working surface, which makes it possible to improve the degree of compaction of the micro-elevation to prevent its subsequent destruction.

In FIG. 1 shows a general view of a forest plow for the formation of micro-elevations, side view; in fig. 2 – the same, top view; in fig. 3 - diagram of circular knives with knife plates.

The forest plow for the formation of micro-highs contains a frame 1 with a hitch 2 and additional movable mounting bars 3. On the additional movable mounting bars 3 there are right-turning 4 and left-turning 5 share-dump bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction to avoid clogging with trees and shrubs residues, with fenders to the dumps and bladed knives (not shown in the figure) and spherical disks 6 installed behind them. are a continuation of the shortened dumps of the share-dump bodies 4 and 5. Additional movable mounting bars 3 are made with the possibility of their movement with the share-dump bodies 4 and 5 and spherical disks 6 along the frame 1 by means of hydraulic cylinders 7.

In front of each share-dump body 4 and 5, within their working width, disk knives 8 are installed, between which there are knife plates 11 to improve the quality of chopping wood and shrub residues. Circular knives 8 are mounted on axes 13 and are attached to the frame 1 using racks 12.

In the rear part of the plow, in its center, behind the share-dump bodies 4 and 5 and spherical disks 6, there is a roller 9 with a trapezoidal working surface, spring-loaded with springs 10. The trapezoidal working surface of the roller 9 improves the degree of compaction of the micro-elevation to prevent its destruction during the subsequent passage coulter of a forest planter.

Forest plow for the formation of microhighs works as follows.

With the forward movement of the unit and the deep position of the plow, blade knives and disc knives 8 with knife plates 11, located within the width of each plow-dump body 4 and 5, cut the roots with sod and separate the soil layers from the total soil massif. After that, the soil layers, moving along the plow-dump surface of buildings 4 and 5, turn around and fall on the spherical surface of the spherical disks 6 located behind them, with the help of which the soil layers are additionally turned and shifted to the center of the lane of the passage of the unit, stacking on the edge and forming micro-elevation. The spring-loaded roller 9, rolling over the surface of the formed soil ridge, forms a profile and compacts the micro-elevation, creating optimal conditions for planting seedlings or saplings with forest planters.

If necessary (in case of clogging of the working bodies with wood and shrub residues and the impossibility of the passage of soil fractions between them), the operator of the machine-tractor unit can change the relative position of additional movable mounting bars 3 with plow-share bodies 4 and 5 and spherical disks 6 by using hydraulic cylinders 7 .

Such a design of a forest plow for the formation of micro-highs makes it possible to improve the quality of their preparation when cultivating the soil in clearings with temporary waterlogging in the presence of a large number of roots and sod.

Claims (1)

A forest plow for the formation of micro-elevations, comprising a frame with a hitch, right-turning and left-turning share-moldboard bodies, displaced relative to each other in the longitudinal direction to avoid clogging with wood and shrub residues, with fender liner to the dumps and blade knives, disc knives installed in front of the share - dump bodies within their working width, a spring-loaded roller located in the rear part of the plow in its center behind the share-dump bodies, characterized in that in order to improve the turnover of the soil layer when creating a micro-elevation, the dumps of the share-dump bodies are shortened, and behind them are installed spherical discs, which are a continuation of the shortened dumps of the share-dump bodies, while the share-dump bodies and spherical disks are attached to the frame using additional movable mounting bars, made with the possibility of moving along the frame by means of hydraulic cylinders, in addition, between disc knives installed in front of the share-dump bodies have knife plates to improve the quality of wood and shrub residues shredding, and the spring-loaded roller has a trapezoidal working surface, which makes it possible to improve the degree of compaction of the micro-elevation to prevent its subsequent destruction.

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