RU2784097C1 - Temporary crossing ferry - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: waterborne vessels.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to watercraft, namely, to ferries. Temporary crossing ferry consists of two width-spaced cylindrical pontoons with a cargo deck secured between said pontoons, the deck being equipped with a propulsor made in the form of an engine with a propeller, placed inside a pipeline articulated with the steering branch pipe for manoeuvring. The cylindrical pontoons are filled with expanded foam polystyrene. The cargo deck is made as a flooring made of metal cistern frames equipped with automatic coupling mechanisms located in the front and rear parts of the ferry, used to increase the size of the ferry longitudinally. The engine with the propeller is secured on a bracket with control by means of a lever set on a rod.

EFFECT: structural simplification of the ferry.

1 cl, 10 dwg

Description

The invention relates to floating facilities, namely to ferries, which can be used both independently and for the formation in a short time of ferry crossings for cars and military equipment for the period of restoration of destroyed hydraulic structures during the elimination of the consequences of emergency situations of a natural, man-made nature or destruction during time of war.

Known "Ferry for communication between river banks" according to the patent for the invention RU 2294860 C2 dated 10.03.2007, IPC B63V 35/54 (2006.01), B63II 20/08 (2006.01) [1] containing pontoons spaced apart in width, made of dissimilar materials, a deck fixed on pontoons and a propulsion plant, while the middle part of the pontoons is made of non-metallic materials, connected to the metal end nodes by a flange connection located in the inner cavity of the pontoons, and the propulsion plant is arranged with the possibility of rotation to control the course of movement.

The disadvantages of the design of the "Ferry for communication between the banks of the rivers" are the need for significant material and labor costs for its installation, also when assembling the ferry requires highly qualified personnel and considerable time for the production, delivery and assembly of structures, while it is not possible to articulate several ferries for transportation long loads.

Known for "Pontoon for transporting objects", according to the patent for the invention RU 2659339 C2 dated 11/28/2017, IPC B63C 7/04 (2006.01), B63B 35/34 (2006.01), SPK B63C 7/04 (2018.02) [2] containing a body, which is divided into ballast compartments and an air box, flooding and drainage systems, a kingston with covers, sling niches with roundings for a smooth bend of pontoon slings, fittings for flooding and drainage systems, actuators for closing kingstons installed on the pontoon deck.

The disadvantages of the "pontoon for transporting objects" are the use of prefabricated structures - a pontoon that requires significant material costs for manufacturing, delivery to the site from the manufacturer's plant, while the design is difficult to manufacture and operate.

Known "Ponton" according to the utility model certificate RU 179453 U1 dated May 15, 2018, IPC V63V 35/34 (2006.01), SPK V63V 35/34 (2018.02) [3], consisting of a metal case in the form of a straight parallelepiped, in which is used as a freight container for transportation with a cut off bottom part, with a plastic filler in the upper part and with reinforced concrete located in the lower part.

The disadvantages of the "Ponton" are that the design is not streamlined, has low buoyancy due to the existing layer of reinforced concrete, and as a result, has a large draft, especially when loaded, while the walls of the container are not designed for large gaps and when moving along it vehicles, deformation and damage to the pontoon may occur.

Known are "Structural elements of a plastic pontoon", according to the patent for the invention RU 2659315 C9 dated 06/29/2018, IPC V63V 35/34 (2006.01), SPC V63V 35/34 (2018.02) [4], consisting of a solid plastic pontoon having through vertical holes in the form of a pipe passing horizontally through the body of the pontoon for cable connection and internal partitions dividing the interior of the plastic pontoon into separate chambers, while there is an air chamber, a rope attachment and side brackets for group connection.

The disadvantages of the "Plastic pontoon structural elements" are low stability when performing loading operations by vehicles, tk. at the same time, large loads appear on the edge of the pontoon at the place where the transitional bridge rests on it, and the pontoon also does not have streamlined shapes and has low rigidity due to the absence of beam-frame elements.

Known for "River ferry", according to the patent for the invention RU 2332327 C1 dated 27.08.2008, IPC B63V 35/54 (2006.01), B63H 5/14 (2006.01) [5] consisting of two cylindrical pontoons spaced apart in width with a fixed between them a cargo deck, with the lower part submerged in water and having positive buoyancy, while the steam is equipped with a propulsion unit, in the form of two units mounted along the sides of the deck, each of which is made in the form of a pipeline, an engine with a propeller placed inside the pipeline, and articulated with pipeline of the steering pipe, mounted with the possibility of rotation relative to the longitudinal axis of the ferry, while both pipes are pivotally connected by a rod to each other, and on one of the pipes is mounted a lever crank-rod assembly with a drive mechanism for turning the steering pipes - a prototype.

The disadvantages of the design of the "River Ferry" are the need to use factory-made structures - a pontoon, which also requires delivery to the place from the manufacturer's plant, while the ferry does not have the ability to connect several ferries to transport long loads.

The shortcomings of the prototype and analogues set the task of creating a "temporary ferry" for the formation in a short time of ferry crossings for cars and military equipment for the period of restoration of destroyed hydraulic structures during the elimination of the consequences of natural, man-made emergencies or destruction during the war.

The restrictive features of the claimed technical solution are common with the prototype device as follows: a ferry, consisting of two cylindrical pontoons spaced apart in width with a fixed cargo deck, equipped with a propeller made in the form of an engine with a propeller, articulated with a steering pipe for maneuvering, while it is supposed to be implemented apply:

- as cylindrical pontoons - pontoons, from decommissioned, used, capacities of railway tanks;

- as a cargo deck, a flooring made of metal frames of tanks was used.

The essence of the claimed technical solution lies in the fact that the temporary crossing ferry is formed from decommissioned, used railway tanks and metal frames from tanks, fastened with a welding collar.

The technical result is the creation of a simplified design of the ferry, transportation of known standard structures to the place of its use, which significantly reduces labor and material costs, and also reduces the time for its installation and disassembly due to the use of used decommissioned railway tanks.

Used, decommissioned railway tanks are melted down (disposed of) and used for the manufacture of new metal structures. The process of recycling and manufacturing of new designs entails significant labor, material and energy costs, which can be avoided by using decommissioned railway tanks for the construction of a floating ferry. In 2017, 10,380 tanks were decommissioned [6], and the proposed approach also reduces the environmental burden on the environment.

The use of railway tanks makes it possible to determine in advance the structures necessary for the construction of a temporary ferry crossing. At the same time, construction time is significantly reduced, labor and material costs are reduced.

The claimed technical solution is illustrated by drawings:

In FIG. 1 shows a ferry at the pier.

In FIG. 2 shows a view of the ferry along A-A.

In FIG. 3 shows a view of the ferry along B-B.

In FIG. 4 shows a view of the ferry node 1.

In FIG. 5 shows a view of the ferry node 2.

In FIG. 6 shows a ferry at the pier, assembled from 4 ferries.

In FIG. 7 shows a view of the ferry along В-В.

In FIG. 8 shows a view of node 1, - pairing of ferries during the pre-assembly of the ferry along G-G (in the longitudinal direction).

In FIG. 9 shows a view of the node - pairing of ferries during the pre-assembly of the ferry along D-D (in the transverse direction).

In FIG. 10 shows a railway tank car.

Additionally, in figures 1 ... 10 are indicated: 1 - berth; 2 - ferry; 3 - collar; 4 - transitional bridge; 5 - fence; 6 - flooring from wooden sleepers; 7 - automatic coupler, 8 - chipper; 9 - tank frame, 10 - tank capacity; 11 - liner from a bar; 12 - hairpin; 13 - bolt; 14 - plate for fastening the guard post; 15 - corner for fastening the flooring of wooden sleepers; 16 - bolt for combining ferries; 17 - opening cover in the ferry; 18 - engine with propeller; 19 - bracket for mounting the engine with a propeller; 20 - rod for fastening the control lever; 21 - control lever.

For the construction of a temporary crossing ferry (Fig. 1 ... Fig. 9), decommissioned, used railway tanks from the tank (10), metal frames of the tanks (9), clamps (3) and wooden sleepers were used.

The order of the device ferry temporary crossing.

At the first stage, the required dimensions of the ferry are determined depending on the size of the transported cargo, a project is drawn up, the necessary materials are prepared from used tanks and elements of the railway track - metal frames of tanks (9), tanks of railway tanks (10), clamps (3) and wooden sleepers. All technological openings in the tank container (10) are sealed. At the same time, a pier (1) is being built.

At the second stage, steam is collected (Fig. 1...Fig. 5). The tank container (10) is fastened to the tank frame (9) using clamps (3) by welding. For fastening the flooring from sleepers (6) to the frames (9), corners (15) are attached by welding. On the frames of the tanks (9) a flooring of wooden sleepers (6) is arranged, while the sleepers rest on the channel bars of the frames (9) and metal corners (15) on bolts. Fenders (8) made of wooden railway sleepers are attached to the flooring (6) with the help of pins (12). A railing (5) of tank ladders is bolted to the flooring (6). At the corners of the ferry, bolts (16) are used to fasten brackets (19), on which engines with a propeller (18) are hung. To control the movement of the ferry, a rod (20) with a control lever (21) is installed on the engine (18).

The collected ferry is stored on the shore and, as necessary, is launched into the water. It is possible to assemble pontoons on convenient technological sites located upstream.

After the end of operation, the disassembly of the ferry is carried out in the reverse order.

If it is necessary to obtain a ferry of large dimensions, the described ferries are connected in the longitudinal and transverse directions to the required dimensions.

In the longitudinal direction, the connection is made using automatic couplers (7) (Fig. 6...Fig. 8). To access the automatic coupler mechanism, there is an opening in the flooring of sleepers (6) (Fig. 8), which is closed with a metal cover (17) with the help of bolts (13).

In the transverse direction, the connection is made by rallying the deck of the ferry (Fig. 9) from the frames of the tanks (9) and the flooring from the sleepers (6) with the help of bolts (16), while the "extra" fences (5), fenders (8) and brackets (19) are dismantled.

Thus, the use of the proposed scheme makes it possible to build a temporary ferry crossing in a short time, which does not require significant labor and material costs using decommissioned, used elements of the railway track - tanks and wooden sleepers.

With this method of arranging a temporary ferry crossing, we obtain a structure that does not require expensive materials and specially manufactured factory structures for the construction, which is important in emergency situations and supplying troops during combat operations.

A significant reduction in the cost of material resources is achieved through the use of decommissioned, used elements of railway tanks (Fig. 10), - metal frames of tanks (9), tanks of railway tanks (10), wooden sleepers, and in case of war, seized from the railway or injured in the course of hostilities.

The proposed solution for a temporary ferry crossing was tested for buoyancy and stability. Calculations showed that the ferry, when passing vehicles, has the required buoyancy and stability.

The proposed technical design solution is aimed at solving logistical problems in case of emergencies or combat operations.

Thus, the device of a temporary ferry crossing in conjunction with the features of the claims (the essence of the invention) is new for hydraulic structures and, therefore, meets the criterion of "novelty".

The above set of distinctive features is not known at this level of development of technology and does not follow from the well-known rules for the design of temporary ferry crossings, which proves compliance with the criterion of "inventive step".

The constructive implementation of the proposed technical solution with the specified set of essential features does not present any structural, technical and technological difficulties, which implies compliance with the criterion of "industrial applicability".

Literature:

1. Patent for invention RU 2294860 C2 dated March 10, 2007, IPC V63V 35/54 (2006.01), V63N 20/08 (2006.01) - “Ferry for communication between river banks”.

2. Patent for invention RU 2659339 C2 dated January 28, 2017, IPC V63S 7/04 (2006.01), V63V 35/34 (2006.01), SEC V63S 7/04 (2018.02) - “Pontoon for transporting objects”.

3. Utility model certificate RU 179453 U1 dated May 15, 2018, IPC V63V 35/34 (2006.01), SPK V63V 35/34 (2018.02) - "Ponton".

4. Patent for invention RU 2659315 C9 dated 06/29/2018, IPC V63V 35/34 (2006.01), SPK V63V 35/34 (2018.02) - "Structural elements of a plastic pontoon".

5. Patent for invention RU 2332327 C1 dated 27.08.2008, IPC V63V 35/54 (2006.01), V63M 5/14 (2006.01) - “river ferry” - prototype.

Claims (1)

Ferry for a temporary crossing, consisting of two cylindrical pontoons spaced apart in width with a cargo deck fixed between them, equipped with a propeller made in the form of an engine with a propeller placed inside the pipeline, articulated with a steering pipe for maneuvering, characterized in that as cylindrical pontoons are used pontoons made of decommissioned, used, railway tank containers filled with expanded polystyrene foam, while the cargo deck is made of metal frames of tanks with automatic couplers located in the front and rear parts of the ferry, allowing to increase the size of the ferry in the longitudinal direction, while In this case, the engine with the propeller is mounted on a bracket controlled by a lever mounted on the rod.

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